{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401568363","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date58400.2024.10546667","title":"High-Efficiency FPGA - Based Approximate Multipliers with LUT Sharing and Carry Switching","display_name":"High-Efficiency FPGA - Based Approximate Multipliers with LUT Sharing and Carry Switching","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401568363","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date58400.2024.10546667"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/date58400.2024.10546667","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date58400.2024.10546667","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 Design, Automation &amp;amp; Test in Europe Conference &amp;amp; Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087319413","display_name":"Yi Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4639-1413"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yi Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Information, Science and Engineering, Yunnan University,Kunming,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information, Science and Engineering, Yunnan University,Kunming,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075038156","display_name":"Qi\u2010Lin Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4700-3765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qilin Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Information, Science and Engineering, Yunnan University,Kunming,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information, Science and Engineering, Yunnan University,Kunming,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020376217","display_name":"Xiu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9227-6298"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Information, Science and Engineering, Yunnan University,Kunming,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information, Science and Engineering, Yunnan University,Kunming,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089205282","display_name":"Heming Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5583-4895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180203408","display_name":"Yokohama National University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zyp6p76","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180203408"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heming Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University,Kanagawa,Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University,Kanagawa,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180203408"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087319413"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1123,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77881689,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lookup-table","display_name":"Lookup table","score":0.7735399007797241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6850917339324951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carry","display_name":"Carry (investment)","score":0.6741765737533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.6726154685020447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.49260789155960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.29374444484710693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10066434741020203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.07031413912773132}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134835016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690265","display_name":"Lookup table","level":2,"score":0.7735399007797241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6850917339324951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776299755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432449","display_name":"Carry (investment)","level":2,"score":0.6741765737533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.6726154685020447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.49260789155960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.29374444484710693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10066434741020203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.07031413912773132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/date58400.2024.10546667","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date58400.2024.10546667","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 Design, Automation &amp;amp; Test in Europe Conference &amp;amp; Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3362884981","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62362065","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2612139336","https://openalex.org/W2808908725","https://openalex.org/W2808980609","https://openalex.org/W2946711010","https://openalex.org/W2963082845","https://openalex.org/W3013744920","https://openalex.org/W3036553373","https://openalex.org/W3082210610","https://openalex.org/W4311839916"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4229867111","https://openalex.org/W1488770949","https://openalex.org/W2793180915","https://openalex.org/W2117300767","https://openalex.org/W2024574431","https://openalex.org/W2374017528","https://openalex.org/W4285503609","https://openalex.org/W2126248441"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Approximate":[0],"multiplier":[1],"saves":[2],"energy":[3],"and":[4,24,94,111,116],"improves":[5],"hardware":[6],"performance":[7],"for":[8],"error-tolerant":[9],"computation-intensive":[10],"applications.":[11],"This":[12],"work":[13],"proposes":[14],"hardware-efficient":[15],"FPGA-based":[16],"approximate":[17,72],"multipliers":[18,73],"with":[19,30],"look-up":[20],"table":[21],"(LUT)":[22],"sharing":[23],"carry":[25,53],"switching.":[26],"Sharing":[27],"two":[28],"LUTs":[29],"the":[31,38,44,51,61,100],"same":[32],"inputs":[33],"enables":[34],"to":[35,60,74,87,99],"fully":[36],"utilize":[37],"available":[39],"LUT":[40],"resources.":[41],"To":[42],"mitigate":[43],"accuracy":[45],"loss":[46],"incurred":[47],"from":[48],"this":[49],"approach,":[50],"truncated":[52],"is":[54],"partially":[55],"reserved":[56],"by":[57],"switching":[58],"it":[59],"adjacent":[62],"calculation.":[63],"In":[64],"addition,":[65],"we":[66],"create":[67],"a":[68],"library":[69],"of":[70,85],"8\u00d78":[71],"provide":[75,83],"various":[76],"multiplication":[77],"choices.":[78],"The":[79],"proposed":[80,105],"design":[81],"can":[82],"enhancements":[84],"up":[86],"38.75%":[88],"in":[89,92,96,113],"power,":[90],"17.29%":[91],"latency,":[93],"28.17%":[95],"area":[97],"compared":[98],"Xilinx":[101],"exact":[102],"multiplier.":[103],"Our":[104],"designs":[106],"are":[107],"open-source":[108],"at":[109],"https://github.com/YnuGuoLab/DATE_FPGA_Approx_Mul":[110],"assist":[112],"further":[114],"reproducing":[115],"development.":[117]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-12-19T19:40:27.379048","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
