{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3184879365","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/vlsicircuits52068.2021.9492445","title":"A 1.15\u03bcW 5.54mm<sup>3</sup> Implant with a Bidirectional Neural Sensor and Stimulator SoC utilizing Bi-Phasic Quasi-static Brain Communication achieving 6kbps-10Mbps Uplink with Compressive Sensing and RO-PUF based Collision Avoidance","display_name":"A 1.15\u03bcW 5.54mm<sup>3</sup> Implant with a Bidirectional Neural Sensor and Stimulator SoC utilizing Bi-Phasic Quasi-static Brain Communication achieving 6kbps-10Mbps Uplink with Compressive Sensing and RO-PUF based Collision Avoidance","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3184879365","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/vlsicircuits52068.2021.9492445","mag":"3184879365"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/vlsicircuits52068.2021.9492445","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/vlsicircuits52068.2021.9492445","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 Symposium on VLSI Circuits","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039890044","display_name":"Baibhab Chatterjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2688-281X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Baibhab Chatterjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053438299","display_name":"Gaurav Kumar K","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaurav Kumar K","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032076491","display_name":"Mayukh Nath","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0305-6048"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mayukh Nath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063301165","display_name":"Shulan Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4224-4196"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shulan Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071838153","display_name":"Nirmoy Modak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5113-1727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nirmoy Modak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016409294","display_name":"Debayan Das","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1843-0124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debayan Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033586296","display_name":"Krishna Jayant","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4353-6123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jayant Krishna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056832262","display_name":"Shreyas Sen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5566-8946"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shreyas Sen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039890044"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7411,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83514707,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.6251038312911987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-implant","display_name":"Brain implant","score":0.5360147953033447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4680608808994293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.46289342641830444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duty-cycle","display_name":"Duty cycle","score":0.45557066798210144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.4326365888118744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.4173647165298462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4112951457500458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.38105785846710205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.36739176511764526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2783207893371582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.2653428614139557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.25370514392852783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.24559196829795837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.1801922619342804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1350472867488861}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.6251038312911987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166345560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555840","display_name":"Brain implant","level":2,"score":0.5360147953033447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4680608808994293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.46289342641830444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199822604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557120","display_name":"Duty cycle","level":3,"score":0.45557066798210144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.4326365888118744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.4173647165298462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4112951457500458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.38105785846710205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.36739176511764526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2783207893371582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2653428614139557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25370514392852783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.24559196829795837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.1801922619342804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1350472867488861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/vlsicircuits52068.2021.9492445","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/vlsicircuits52068.2021.9492445","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 Symposium on VLSI Circuits","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2548963335","https://openalex.org/W2159941915","https://openalex.org/W1995129237","https://openalex.org/W1761601995","https://openalex.org/W2904599916","https://openalex.org/W4321608401","https://openalex.org/W4300468626","https://openalex.org/W2909457694","https://openalex.org/W3193749313","https://openalex.org/W3040536194"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"solve":[1],"the":[2,60,85,93,103,110,126],"challenge":[3],"of":[4,45,105,120],"powering":[5],"and":[6,30],"communication":[7,39],"in":[8,67,109],"a":[9,42,78],"brain":[10,61],"implant":[11,86],"with":[12,113],"low":[13],"end-end":[14],"energy":[15],"loss,":[16,29],"we":[17],"present":[18],"Bi-Phasic":[19],"Quasi-static":[20],"Brain":[21],"Communication":[22],"(BP-QBC),":[23],"achieving":[24],"<":[25,118],"60dB":[26],"worst-case":[27],"channel":[28,38],"~41X":[31],"lower":[32,48],"power":[33,49,95,108],"w.r.t.":[34],"traditional":[35],"Galvanic":[36],"body":[37],"(G-BCC)":[40],"at":[41,52,99],"carrier":[43],"frequency":[44],"1MHz":[46],"(~6X":[47],"than":[50],"G-BCC":[51],"10MHz)":[53],"by":[54],"blocking":[55],"DC":[56],"current":[57],"paths":[58],"through":[59,73],"tissue.":[62],"An":[63],"additional":[64],"16X":[65],"improvement":[66],"net":[68],"energy-efficiency":[69],"(pJ/b)":[70],"is":[71],"achieved":[72],"compressive":[74],"sensing":[75],"(CS),":[76],"allowing":[77],"scalable":[79],"(6kbps-10Mbps)":[80],"duty-cycled":[81],"uplink":[82],"(UL)":[83],"from":[84],"to":[87,97],"an":[88],"external":[89],"wearable,":[90],"while":[91],"reducing":[92],"active":[94],"consumption":[96],"0.52\u03bcW":[98],"10Mbps,":[100],"i.e.":[101],"within":[102],"range":[104],"harvested":[106],"body-coupled":[107],"downlink":[111],"(DL),":[112],"externally":[114],"applied":[115],"electric":[116],"currents":[117],"1/5th":[119],"ICNIRP":[121],"safety":[122],"limits.":[123],"BP-QBC":[124],"eliminates":[125],"need":[127],"for":[128,135],"sub-cranial":[129],"interrogators,":[130],"utilizing":[131],"quasi-static":[132],"electrical":[133],"signals":[134],"end-to-end":[136],"BCC,":[137],"avoiding":[138],"transduction":[139],"losses.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
