{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3185218019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/vlsicircuits52068.2021.9492436","title":"A 20GS/s 8b Time-Interleaved Time-Domain ADC with Input-Independent Background Timing Skew Calibration","display_name":"A 20GS/s 8b Time-Interleaved Time-Domain ADC with Input-Independent Background Timing Skew Calibration","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3185218019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/vlsicircuits52068.2021.9492436","mag":"3185218019"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/vlsicircuits52068.2021.9492436","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/vlsicircuits52068.2021.9492436","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 Symposium on VLSI Circuits","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091644544","display_name":"Minglei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7220-0464"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Minglei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, IME, University of Macau, Macao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, IME, University of Macau, Macao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071933088","display_name":"Yan Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8298-3244"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, IME, University of Macau, Macao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, IME, University of Macau, Macao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035229843","display_name":"Chi\u2010Hang Chan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7635-1101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi-Hang Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, IME, University of Macau, Macao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, IME, University of Macau, Macao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106943352","display_name":"Rui P. Martins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2821-648X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203847022","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Lisboa","ror":"https://ror.org/04ea70f07","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203847022"]}],"countries":["MO","PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui P. Martins","raw_affiliation_strings":["On leave from Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal","State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, IME, University of Macau, Macao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"On leave from Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203847022","https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, IME, University of Macau, Macao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091644544"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9289,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71383465,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems","score":0.9757000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skew","display_name":"Skew","score":0.8240600824356079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-domain","display_name":"Time domain","score":0.64960116147995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6000064015388489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.5992751121520996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.35256046056747437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.33234935998916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.26303592324256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11735066771507263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10071441531181335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09702935814857483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08020332455635071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43711488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534783","display_name":"Skew","level":2,"score":0.8240600824356079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103824480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185889","display_name":"Time domain","level":2,"score":0.64960116147995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6000064015388489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.5992751121520996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.35256046056747437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.33234935998916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26303592324256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11735066771507263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10071441531181335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09702935814857483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08020332455635071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/vlsicircuits52068.2021.9492436","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/vlsicircuits52068.2021.9492436","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 Symposium on VLSI Circuits","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/044vr6g03"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4290802965","https://openalex.org/W97789383","https://openalex.org/W3087516072","https://openalex.org/W4289406402","https://openalex.org/W2727156679","https://openalex.org/W2067997904","https://openalex.org/W2364071303","https://openalex.org/W1483053255","https://openalex.org/W2896097814","https://openalex.org/W20221657"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"demonstrates":[2],"a":[3,14,32,39,57],"background":[4],"timing":[5,29],"skew":[6],"calibration":[7,50],"for":[8],"the":[9,20,28,44],"time-interleaved":[10],"(TI)":[11],"ADCs":[12],"using":[13],"direct":[15],"time-based":[16],"estimation":[17],"to":[18],"facilitate":[19],"input-independent":[21],"and":[22,60],"fast":[23],"convergence":[24],"features.":[25],"It":[26],"suppresses":[27],"spurs":[30],"of":[31,43],"20GS/s":[33],"8\u00d7":[34],"TI-ADC":[35,55],"below":[36],"\u201250dB":[37],"at":[38],"Nyquist":[40],"input":[41,46],"regardless":[42],"calibrating":[45],"condition":[47],"with":[48],"24":[49],"cycles.":[51],"The":[52],"8b":[53],"time-domain":[54],"achieves":[56],"91.3fJ/conv.-step":[58],"FoMWalden":[59],">16GHz":[61],"bandwidth.":[62]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-05T09:29:38.588285","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}