{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3185500703","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/vlsicircuits52068.2021.9492391","title":"Versa: A Dataflow-Centric Multiprocessor with 36 Systolic ARM Cortex-M4F Cores and a Reconfigurable Crossbar-Memory Hierarchy in 28nm","display_name":"Versa: A Dataflow-Centric Multiprocessor with 36 Systolic ARM Cortex-M4F Cores and a Reconfigurable Crossbar-Memory Hierarchy in 28nm","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3185500703","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/vlsicircuits52068.2021.9492391","mag":"3185500703"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/vlsicircuits52068.2021.9492391","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/vlsicircuits52068.2021.9492391","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 Symposium on VLSI Circuits","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.03024","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sung Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sung Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Morteza Fayazi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Morteza Fayazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Alhad Daftardar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alhad Daftardar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kuan-Yu Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuan-Yu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jielun Tan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jielun Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Subhankar Pal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Subhankar Pal","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Tutu Ajayi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tutu Ajayi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yan Xiong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Trevor Mudge","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trevor Mudge","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chaitali Chakrabarti","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaitali Chakrabarti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"David Blaauw","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Blaauw","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ronald Dreslinski","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronald Dreslinski","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hun-Seok Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hun-Seok Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7038,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66882516,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9524999856948853,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9524999856948853,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9075999855995178,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-hierarchy","display_name":"Memory hierarchy","score":0.6345000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.613099992275238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiprocessing","display_name":"Multiprocessing","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5443000197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.5231999754905701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-reconfiguration","display_name":"Control reconfiguration","score":0.4975999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arm-architecture","display_name":"ARM architecture","score":0.4569000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systolic-array","display_name":"Systolic array","score":0.3912999927997589}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7534999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.663100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778100165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1589327","display_name":"Memory hierarchy","level":3,"score":0.6345000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.613099992275238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4822641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846651","display_name":"Multiprocessing","level":2,"score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5443000197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.5231999754905701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119701452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165881","display_name":"Control reconfiguration","level":2,"score":0.4975999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16980","display_name":"ARM architecture","level":2,"score":0.4569000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3971000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150741067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2377218","display_name":"Systolic array","level":3,"score":0.3912999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.37619999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78766204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555032","display_name":"Multi-core processor","level":2,"score":0.3587000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47487241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227230","display_name":"Data access","level":2,"score":0.3296999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1793878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153762","display_name":"Out-of-order execution","level":2,"score":0.3264000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.31520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.29989999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67953723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192525","display_name":"Workstation","level":2,"score":0.29899999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777655698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209358","display_name":"Versa","level":2,"score":0.2759000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49154492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5300","display_name":"Central processing unit","level":2,"score":0.27549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.25940001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119024030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759899","display_name":"Call stack","level":3,"score":0.2515000104904175}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/vlsicircuits52068.2021.9492391","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/vlsicircuits52068.2021.9492391","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 Symposium on VLSI Circuits","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2109.03024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2109.03024","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.03024","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2109.03024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2109.03024","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.03024","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"present":[1],"Versa,":[2],"an":[3],"energy-efficient":[4],"processor":[5],"with":[6,37],"36":[7],"systolic":[8],"ARM":[9],"Cortex-M4F":[10],"cores":[11],"and":[12,28,42,56,61],"a":[13,33],"runtime-reconfigurable":[14],"memory":[15],"hierarchy.":[16],"Versa":[17,48],"exploits":[18],"algorithm-specific":[19],"characteristics":[20],"in":[21],"order":[22],"to":[23],"optimize":[24],"bandwidth,":[25],"access":[26],"latency,":[27],"data":[29,39],"reuse.":[30],"Measured":[31],"on":[32],"set":[34],"of":[35,54],"kernels":[36],"diverse":[38],"access,":[40],"control,":[41],"synchronization":[43],"characteristics,":[44],"reconfiguration":[45],"between":[46],"different":[47],"modes":[49],"yields":[50],"median":[51],"energy-efficiency":[52],"improvements":[53],"11.6\u00d7":[55],"37.2\u00d7":[57],"over":[58],"mobile":[59],"CPU":[60],"GPU":[62],"baselines,":[63],"respectively.":[64]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2021-08-02T00:00:00"}
