{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387486045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/spa59660.2023.10274456","title":"Plankton Classification with Deep Learning","display_name":"Plankton Classification with Deep Learning","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387486045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/spa59660.2023.10274456"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/spa59660.2023.10274456","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/spa59660.2023.10274456","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 Signal Processing: Algorithms, Architectures, Arrangements, and Applications (SPA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093034111","display_name":"Bet\u00fcl S\u00f6mek","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66514158","display_name":"Hacettepe University","ror":"https://ror.org/04kwvgz42","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66514158"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bet\u00fcl S\u00f6mek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hacettepe University,Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,Ankara,Turkey,06800"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hacettepe University,Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,Ankara,Turkey,06800","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66514158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012317612","display_name":"Seniha Esen Y\u00fcksel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8868-1132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66514158","display_name":"Hacettepe University","ror":"https://ror.org/04kwvgz42","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66514158"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seniha Esen Yuksel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hacettepe University,Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,Ankara,Turkey,06800"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hacettepe University,Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,Ankara,Turkey,06800","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66514158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5093034111"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66514158"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3185,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64415366,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"118","last_page":"123"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12388","display_name":"Identification and Quantification in Food","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12388","display_name":"Identification and Quantification in Food","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10230","display_name":"Marine and fisheries research","score":0.9570000171661377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plankton","display_name":"Plankton","score":0.7655586004257202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7328178286552429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.629713237285614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5990099310874939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5938220620155334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5572049021720886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-pre-processing","display_name":"Data pre-processing","score":0.48602181673049927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.16232919692993164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.12018737196922302}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108469399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25367","display_name":"Plankton","level":2,"score":0.7655586004257202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7328178286552429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.629713237285614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5990099310874939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5938220620155334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5572049021720886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10551718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227332","display_name":"Data pre-processing","level":2,"score":0.48602181673049927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.16232919692993164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.12018737196922302}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/spa59660.2023.10274456","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/spa59660.2023.10274456","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 Signal Processing: Algorithms, Architectures, Arrangements, and Applications (SPA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1541847650","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1999803211","https://openalex.org/W2049489886","https://openalex.org/W2179145304","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2255054703","https://openalex.org/W2292910065","https://openalex.org/W2439650828","https://openalex.org/W2515957675","https://openalex.org/W2561159802","https://openalex.org/W2622068517","https://openalex.org/W2736843965","https://openalex.org/W2769400802","https://openalex.org/W2774469180","https://openalex.org/W2781072509","https://openalex.org/W2917262027","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2964350391","https://openalex.org/W2984313420","https://openalex.org/W3100278235","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6691674427","https://openalex.org/W6730008917","https://openalex.org/W6766384758"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2989490741","https://openalex.org/W3092506759","https://openalex.org/W2367545121","https://openalex.org/W4248881655","https://openalex.org/W2482165163","https://openalex.org/W3010890513","https://openalex.org/W120741642","https://openalex.org/W138569904","https://openalex.org/W2390914021","https://openalex.org/W2389417819"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Plankton":[0],"plays":[1],"a":[2,53,152],"vital":[3],"role":[4],"in":[5,31,42,177,183,196,250,265],"sustaining":[6],"life":[7],"on":[8,113,130,139],"Earth":[9],"as":[10,101,103],"it":[11,21],"forms":[12],"the":[13,16,29,32,36,73,94,104,120,123,131,140,156,170,178,184,190,193,203,215,218,223,248,261,266,269],"foundation":[14],"of":[15,28,38,119,192],"aquatic":[17],"food":[18],"chain.":[19],"Additionally,":[20],"is":[22,40],"responsible":[23],"for":[24,205],"producing":[25],"approximately":[26],"half":[27],"oxygen":[30],"Earth\u2019s":[33],"atmosphere.":[34],"Understanding":[35],"distribution":[37],"plankton":[39,57,74,99,199,225],"crucial":[41],"studying":[43],"climate":[44],"change":[45],"and":[46,82,97,137,181,201,217,233,246],"monitoring":[47],"water":[48],"quality.":[49],"This":[50],"study":[51,92],"utilized":[52],"dataset":[54,133,142,180],"comprising":[55],"30,336":[56],"images":[58],"belonging":[59],"to":[60,70,87],"121":[61],"different":[62,117],"classes.":[63],"State-of-the-art":[64],"deep":[65,243],"learning":[66,244],"methods":[67,232],"were":[68,85,107],"employed":[69],"automatically":[71],"label":[72],"species,":[75],"while":[76],"alternative":[77,229],"training":[78,111],"approaches,":[79],"data":[80,230],"augmentation,":[81],"preprocessing":[83],"techniques":[84],"compared":[86],"assess":[88],"their":[89],"impact.":[90],"The":[91],"analyzed":[93],"similarities":[95],"between":[96],"within":[98,222],"classes,":[100,136],"well":[102],"classes":[105,145],"that":[106],"frequently":[108],"misidentified.":[109],"By":[110],"models":[112],"networks":[114],"from":[115],"two":[116],"versions":[118],"Kaggle":[121,224],"dataset,":[122],"highest":[124],"success":[125],"rate":[126],"achieved":[127],"was":[128,172],"78%":[129],"larger":[132],"with":[134,143,253],"118":[135],"92%":[138],"smaller":[141],"38":[144],"using":[146],"individual":[147],"models.":[148,272],"These":[149,187],"results":[150,208,257,263],"represent":[151],"1%":[153,182],"improvement":[154,249],"over":[155,268],"previously":[157],"reported":[158,264],"best-performing":[159],"single":[160,270],"model":[161],"classifiers.":[162],"Furthermore,":[163],"by":[164,175],"employing":[165],"an":[166],"averaging":[167],"ensemble":[168,210,254],"method,":[169],"performance":[171],"further":[173],"enhanced":[174],"2%":[176],"first":[179],"second":[185],"dataset.":[186,226],"findings":[188],"demonstrate":[189],"efficacy":[191],"proposed":[194],"approach":[195],"accurately":[197],"identifying":[198],"species":[200],"highlight":[202],"potential":[204],"improving":[206],"classification":[207,251],"through":[209],"techniques.":[211,237],"Also,":[212],"we":[213,239],"address":[214],"unbalance":[216],"varying":[219],"input":[220],"sizes":[221],"We":[227],"propose":[228],"balancing":[231],"investigate":[234],"three":[235],"pre-processing":[236],"Then":[238],"compare":[240],"several":[241],"state-of-the-art":[242],"algorithms":[245],"show":[247],"rates":[252],"methods.":[255],"Our":[256],"have":[258],"significantly":[259],"improved":[260],"best":[262,271],"literature":[267]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-19T19:40:27.379048","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}