{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387489226","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/softcom58365.2023.10271630","title":"An IDS for DDoS Attacks in SDN using VGG-Based CNN Architecture","display_name":"An IDS for DDoS Attacks in SDN using VGG-Based CNN Architecture","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387489226","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/softcom58365.2023.10271630"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/softcom58365.2023.10271630","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/softcom58365.2023.10271630","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks (SoftCOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102724825","display_name":"Mamdouh Muhammad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mamdouh Muhammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg,Computer Networks and Communication Systems,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg,Computer Networks and Communication Systems,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072985605","display_name":"Abdullah Soliman Alshra\u2019a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4881-8894"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah S. Alshra\u2018a","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg,Computer Networks and Communication Systems,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg,Computer Networks and Communication Systems,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102836787","display_name":"Reinhard German","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9071-4802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reinhard German","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg,Computer Networks and Communication Systems,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg,Computer Networks and Communication Systems,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102724825"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8049,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73976913,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.8937777280807495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8042283654212952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botnet","display_name":"Botnet","score":0.7453246712684631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forwarding-plane","display_name":"Forwarding plane","score":0.6461355686187744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-defined-networking","display_name":"Software-defined networking","score":0.5958324670791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5792969465255737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48529523611068726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-point-of-failure","display_name":"Single point of failure","score":0.4713805615901947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-architecture","display_name":"Network architecture","score":0.44803592562675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.42717501521110535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/troubleshooting","display_name":"Troubleshooting","score":0.4248085618019104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.4158655107021332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.40082791447639465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3565523624420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3353400230407715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3294163942337036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.14394354820251465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.12756839394569397}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.8937777280807495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8042283654212952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22735295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317671","display_name":"Botnet","level":3,"score":0.7453246712684631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10597312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5473302","display_name":"Forwarding plane","level":3,"score":0.6461355686187744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77270119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1655198","display_name":"Software-defined networking","level":2,"score":0.5958324670791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5792969465255737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48529523611068726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165136773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1363179","display_name":"Single point of failure","level":2,"score":0.4713805615901947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639681","display_name":"Network architecture","level":2,"score":0.44803592562675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.42717501521110535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147494362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2078905","display_name":"Troubleshooting","level":2,"score":0.4248085618019104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4158655107021332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.40082791447639465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3565523624420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3353400230407715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3294163942337036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.14394354820251465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.12756839394569397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/softcom58365.2023.10271630","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/softcom58365.2023.10271630","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks (SoftCOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1577498723","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1975936173","https://openalex.org/W2343828539","https://openalex.org/W2591391565","https://openalex.org/W2591712613","https://openalex.org/W2625013748","https://openalex.org/W2795033129","https://openalex.org/W2883990850","https://openalex.org/W2911803790","https://openalex.org/W2953168871","https://openalex.org/W2979046245","https://openalex.org/W2982682021","https://openalex.org/W3007032623","https://openalex.org/W3008535060","https://openalex.org/W3016764799","https://openalex.org/W3021409083","https://openalex.org/W3022650403","https://openalex.org/W3083139378","https://openalex.org/W3097711322","https://openalex.org/W4233463418","https://openalex.org/W4240871211","https://openalex.org/W4248669805","https://openalex.org/W4250822211","https://openalex.org/W4251777364","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6764574428","https://openalex.org/W6776085344","https://openalex.org/W6803459968"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4214777079","https://openalex.org/W3122360749","https://openalex.org/W2547441564","https://openalex.org/W2051935741","https://openalex.org/W4377224402","https://openalex.org/W4243609393","https://openalex.org/W4211055425","https://openalex.org/W2926903444","https://openalex.org/W2292300552","https://openalex.org/W2130026698"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Software-Defined":[0],"Networks":[1],"(SDN)":[2],"is":[3,105],"a":[4,38,52,89],"technology":[5],"that":[6],"separates":[7],"the":[8,12,33,100,119,123],"data":[9,67],"plane":[10],"from":[11,18,37],"control":[13],"plane,":[14],"garnering":[15],"significant":[16],"interest":[17],"researchers":[19],"in":[20,80,97],"universities":[21],"and":[22,31,84],"companies.":[23],"SDN":[24],"enables":[25],"network":[26,35],"engineers":[27],"to":[28,62,107,126,132],"conveniently":[29],"monitor":[30],"troubleshoot":[32],"entire":[34],"architecture":[36],"centralized":[39],"point.":[40],"Distributed":[41],"Denial":[42],"of":[43,54,66,121],"Service":[44],"(DDoS)":[45],"attacks":[46,96,110],"are":[47,60,77],"prevalent":[48],"cyber":[49],"threats":[50],"wherein":[51],"multitude":[53],"attack":[55],"sources,":[56],"known":[57],"as":[58],"botnets,":[59],"utilized":[61,106],"launch":[63],"massive":[64],"amounts":[65],"against":[68],"specific":[69],"systems,":[70],"disrupting":[71],"their":[72],"availability.":[73],"Deep":[74],"learning":[75,104],"techniques":[76],"commonly":[78],"employed":[79],"image":[81],"categorization,":[82],"enhancement,":[83],"colorization.":[85],"This":[86],"paper":[87],"proposes":[88],"deep":[90],"learning-based":[91],"approach":[92],"for":[93],"identifying":[94],"DDoS":[95],"SDN.":[98],"In":[99],"proposed":[101,124],"model,":[102],"transfer":[103],"accurately":[108],"detect":[109],"after":[111],"converting":[112],"them":[113],"into":[114],"images.":[115],"The":[116],"evaluations":[117],"show":[118],"validity":[120],"using":[122],"model":[125],"achieve":[127],"better":[128],"evaluation":[129],"metrics":[130],"compared":[131],"other":[133],"state-of-the-art":[134],"approaches.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}