{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389946362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/sice59929.2023.10354081","title":"TFCSG: An Unsupervised Approach for Question-retrieval Over Multi-task Learning","display_name":"TFCSG: An Unsupervised Approach for Question-retrieval Over Multi-task Learning","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389946362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/sice59929.2023.10354081"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/sice59929.2023.10354081","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/sice59929.2023.10354081","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 62nd Annual Conference of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers (SICE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092944454","display_name":"Shang Aiguo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27599042","display_name":"Xi'an Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/03442p831","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27599042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shang Aiguo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi’an Polytechnic University,College of Computer Science,Xi’an,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi’an Polytechnic University,College of Computer Science,Xi’an,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27599042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031335958","display_name":"Michael Danner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8652-6905"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57589565","display_name":"Reutlingen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00q644y50","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57589565"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Danner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Reutlingen University,ViSiR,Reutlingen,Germany","ViSiR, Reutlingen University, Reutlingen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Reutlingen University,ViSiR,Reutlingen,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57589565"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ViSiR, Reutlingen University, Reutlingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57589565"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhu Xinjuan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27599042","display_name":"Xi'an Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/03442p831","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27599042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhu Xinjuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi’an Polytechnic University,College of Computer Science,Xi’an,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi’an Polytechnic University,College of Computer Science,Xi’an,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27599042"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051218329","display_name":"Matthias R\u00e4tsch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8254-8293"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57589565","display_name":"Reutlingen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00q644y50","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57589565"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthias R\u00e4tsch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Reutlingen University,ViSiR,Reutlingen,Germany","ViSiR, Reutlingen University, Reutlingen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Reutlingen University,ViSiR,Reutlingen,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57589565"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ViSiR, Reutlingen University, Reutlingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57589565"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20632909,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"610","last_page":"615"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13274","display_name":"Expert finding and Q&A systems","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9830999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8536931276321411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7399066686630249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6913443207740784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.6794697642326355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6511338949203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.5816395878791809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosine-similarity","display_name":"Cosine similarity","score":0.5719753503799438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.5514519810676575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.5133251547813416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unsupervised-learning","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","score":0.47579655051231384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.4701913595199585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.46573108434677124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence-labeling","display_name":"Sequence labeling","score":0.45665442943573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.42762547731399536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.2147015631198883}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8536931276321411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7399066686630249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6913443207740784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.6794697642326355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6511338949203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.5816395878791809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780762811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1784941","display_name":"Cosine similarity","level":3,"score":0.5719753503799438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.5514519810676575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.5133251547813416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8038995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152135","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","level":2,"score":0.47579655051231384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.4701913595199585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.46573108434677124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35639132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7452468","display_name":"Sequence labeling","level":3,"score":0.45665442943573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.42762547731399536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2147015631198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/sice59929.2023.10354081","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/sice59929.2023.10354081","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 62nd Annual Conference of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers (SICE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:opus.reutlingen-university.de:4811","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publikationen.reutlingen-university.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/4811","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400499","display_name":"Reutlingen University Academic Bibliography (Reutlingen University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I57589565","host_organization_name":"Reutlingen University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57589565"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conferenceobject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.5799999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334111","display_name":"Innovation Fund","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964073652","https://openalex.org/W2061922307","https://openalex.org/W2101746535","https://openalex.org/W2138621090","https://openalex.org/W2147152072","https://openalex.org/W2755391264","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2925080392","https://openalex.org/W2953062473","https://openalex.org/W2965373594","https://openalex.org/W2972680241","https://openalex.org/W2988217457","https://openalex.org/W2996428491","https://openalex.org/W3105816068","https://openalex.org/W3154229486","https://openalex.org/W3156636935","https://openalex.org/W3182414949","https://openalex.org/W3183866186","https://openalex.org/W4226208236","https://openalex.org/W4226399820","https://openalex.org/W4231510805","https://openalex.org/W4252076394","https://openalex.org/W4284960486","https://openalex.org/W4294974598","https://openalex.org/W4322718191","https://openalex.org/W4360957277","https://openalex.org/W6636440780","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6755207826","https://openalex.org/W6762122294","https://openalex.org/W6766673545","https://openalex.org/W6768021236","https://openalex.org/W6794146050","https://openalex.org/W6798398338","https://openalex.org/W6811129797","https://openalex.org/W6850625674"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2384605597","https://openalex.org/W2387743295","https://openalex.org/W3192083251","https://openalex.org/W4288267738","https://openalex.org/W2964413124","https://openalex.org/W4388937922","https://openalex.org/W3113264705","https://openalex.org/W2787518671","https://openalex.org/W4205820553","https://openalex.org/W2251441308"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"Question-answering":[1],"(QA)":[2],"systems":[3,19],"rely":[4],"on":[5,58,151],"training":[6,15,66],"data":[7,16],"to":[8,63,76,116,128],"reach":[9],"their":[10,118],"optimal":[11],"performance.":[12],"However,":[13],"acquiring":[14],"for":[17,168],"supervised":[18],"is":[20,74,89,98,112,165],"both":[21],"time-consuming":[22],"and":[23,45,102],"resource-intensive.":[24],"To":[25],"address":[26],"this,":[27],"in":[28,51,133],"this":[29],"paper,":[30],"we":[31],"propose":[32],"TFCSG,":[33],"an":[34],"unsupervised":[35,65,160],"similar":[36,136],"question":[37,52,79,100,114,153],"retrieval":[38,80],"approach":[39],"that":[40,155],"leverages":[41],"pre-trained":[42],"language":[43,131],"models":[44],"multi-task":[46,71],"learning.":[47],"Firstly,":[48],"topic":[49,105,120],"keywords":[50],"sentences":[53,115],"are":[54,83,126,138],"extracted":[55],"sequentially":[56],"based":[57],"a":[59,90],"latent":[60],"topic-filtering":[61],"algorithm":[62],"construct":[64],"corpus":[67],"data.":[68],"Then,":[69],"the":[70,78,99,130,142,158],"learning":[72,94],"method":[73],"used":[75,127],"build":[77],"model.":[81],"There":[82],"three":[84,124],"tasks":[85,125],"designed.":[86],"The":[87,96,110,123,148],"first":[88],"short":[91],"sentence":[92,101,146],"contrastive":[93],"task.":[95,109,122],"second":[97],"its":[103],"corresponding":[104,119],"sequence":[106,121],"similarity":[107,144],"judgment":[108],"third":[111],"using":[113],"generate":[117],"train":[129],"model":[132],"parallel.":[134],"Finally,":[135],"questions":[137],"obtained":[139],"by":[140],"calculating":[141],"cosine":[143],"between":[145],"vectors.":[147],"comparison":[149],"experiment":[150],"public":[152],"datasets":[154],"TFCSG":[156],"outperforms":[157],"comparative":[159],"baseline":[161],"method.":[162],"And":[163],"there":[164],"no":[166],"need":[167],"manual":[169],"marking,":[170],"which":[171],"greatly":[172],"saves":[173],"human":[174],"resources.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}