{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3212874254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/mipro52101.2021.9597194","title":"Finite Element Method Approach to MRAM Modeling","display_name":"Finite Element Method Approach to MRAM Modeling","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3212874254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/mipro52101.2021.9597194","mag":"3212874254"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/mipro52101.2021.9597194","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/mipro52101.2021.9597194","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 44th International Convention on Information, Communication and Electronic Technology (MIPRO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060787528","display_name":"Mario Bendra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5994-2682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105054","display_name":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Thermoelectricity","ror":"https://ror.org/01cbw5x35","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129774422","https://openalex.org/I145847075","https://openalex.org/I4210105054"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Bendra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Christian Doppler Laboratory for Nonvolatile Magnetoresistive Memory and Logic"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Nonvolatile Magnetoresistive Memory and Logic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105054"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080949438","display_name":"Johannes Ender","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0972-0875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105054","display_name":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Thermoelectricity","ror":"https://ror.org/01cbw5x35","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129774422","https://openalex.org/I145847075","https://openalex.org/I4210105054"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Ender","raw_affiliation_strings":["Christian Doppler Laboratory for Nonvolatile Magnetoresistive Memory and Logic","Institute for Microelectronics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Nonvolatile Magnetoresistive Memory and Logic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105054"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Microelectronics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000588580","display_name":"Simone Fiorentini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2982-7629"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105054","display_name":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Thermoelectricity","ror":"https://ror.org/01cbw5x35","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129774422","https://openalex.org/I145847075","https://openalex.org/I4210105054"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Fiorentini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Christian Doppler Laboratory for Nonvolatile Magnetoresistive Memory and Logic"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Nonvolatile Magnetoresistive Memory and Logic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105054"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008470875","display_name":"Tom\u00e1\u0161 Had\u00e1mek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8107-1318"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105054","display_name":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Thermoelectricity","ror":"https://ror.org/01cbw5x35","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129774422","https://openalex.org/I145847075","https://openalex.org/I4210105054"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Hadamek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Christian Doppler Laboratory for Nonvolatile Magnetoresistive Memory and Logic"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Nonvolatile Magnetoresistive Memory and Logic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105054"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032179143","display_name":"Roberto Lacerda de Orio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9019-4835"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.L. de Orio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Microelectronics, TU Wien,Vienna,Austria,1040"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Microelectronics, TU Wien,Vienna,Austria,1040","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021476186","display_name":"Wolfgang Goes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9688-9921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162115","display_name":"Silvaco (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05bs32x30","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162115","https://openalex.org/I4405261486"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Goes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Silvaco Europe Ltd.,Cambridge,United Kingdom","Silvaco Europe Ltd., Cambridge, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Silvaco Europe Ltd.,Cambridge,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162115"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Silvaco Europe Ltd., Cambridge, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162115"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023885831","display_name":"Viktor Sverdlov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1736-6976"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105054","display_name":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Thermoelectricity","ror":"https://ror.org/01cbw5x35","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129774422","https://openalex.org/I145847075","https://openalex.org/I4210105054"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Sverdlov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Christian Doppler Laboratory for Nonvolatile Magnetoresistive Memory and Logic"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Nonvolatile Magnetoresistive Memory and Logic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105054"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043510129","display_name":"S. Selberherr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5583-6177"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Selberherr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Microelectronics, TU Wien,Vienna,Austria,1040"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Microelectronics, TU Wien,Vienna,Austria,1040","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3326,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8110455,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"70","last_page":"73"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10049","display_name":"Magnetic properties of thin films","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10049","display_name":"Magnetic properties of thin films","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11222","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11263","display_name":"Electromagnetic Simulation and Numerical Methods","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.7410740256309509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-method","display_name":"Finite element method","score":0.7376492023468018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetoresistive-random-access-memory","display_name":"Magnetoresistive random-access memory","score":0.6380784511566162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetization","display_name":"Magnetization","score":0.5255084037780762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5113639235496521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spin-transfer-torque","display_name":"Spin-transfer torque","score":0.505188524723053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landau\u2013lifshitz\u2013gilbert-equation","display_name":"Landau\u2013Lifshitz\u2013Gilbert equation","score":0.46890154480934143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.36555421352386475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.35865509510040283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2191055417060852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.2025451362133026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-access-memory","display_name":"Random access memory","score":0.06811276078224182}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.7410740256309509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.7376492023468018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46891859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061546","display_name":"Magnetoresistive random-access memory","level":3,"score":0.6380784511566162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32546565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856711","display_name":"Magnetization","level":3,"score":0.5255084037780762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5113639235496521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C609986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844840","display_name":"Spin-transfer torque","level":4,"score":0.505188524723053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196076714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071534","display_name":"Landau\u2013Lifshitz\u2013Gilbert equation","level":4,"score":0.46890154480934143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.36555421352386475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.35865509510040283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2191055417060852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.2025451362133026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994168587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5295","display_name":"Random access memory","level":2,"score":0.06811276078224182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/mipro52101.2021.9597194","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/mipro52101.2021.9597194","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 44th International Convention on Information, Communication and Electronic Technology (MIPRO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972070513","https://openalex.org/W2024506048","https://openalex.org/W2046971416","https://openalex.org/W2116553152","https://openalex.org/W2119220434","https://openalex.org/W2148945406","https://openalex.org/W2171901094","https://openalex.org/W2898713015","https://openalex.org/W2962693675","https://openalex.org/W2963322278","https://openalex.org/W3040786754","https://openalex.org/W3105871353","https://openalex.org/W3137612986"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388285079","https://openalex.org/W2546997659","https://openalex.org/W2733919783","https://openalex.org/W2425808153","https://openalex.org/W2404332818","https://openalex.org/W4281561022","https://openalex.org/W2188761345","https://openalex.org/W3006384944","https://openalex.org/W393693633","https://openalex.org/W60430064"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Spin-transfer":[0],"torque":[1,64,74,103],"magnetoresistive":[2],"random":[3],"access":[4],"memory":[5],"(STT-MRAM)":[6],"is":[7,79,109,177],"among":[8],"the":[9,31,43,53,70,77,82,88,93,101,106,112,136,156,161,171],"most":[10],"promising":[11],"candidates":[12],"for":[13,27],"emerging":[14],"memories.":[15],"Thus,":[16],"reliable":[17],"simulation":[18,44,167],"tools":[19],"are":[20,40,58,173],"mandatory":[21],"to":[22,69,87,132,142,181],"provide":[23],"an":[24,62,126],"important":[25],"aid":[26],"understanding":[28],"and":[29,134,160],"improving":[30],"design":[32],"of":[33,45,194],"such":[34],"devices.":[35],"In":[36,130],"this":[37],"work":[38],"we":[39,57,139],"concerned":[41],"with":[42,60,100,170,188],"STT-MRAM.":[46],"The":[47,73,95],"well-known":[48],"Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert":[49],"(LLG)":[50],"equation":[51,99],"describes":[52],"magnetization":[54,78],"dynamics.":[55],"Since":[56],"dealing":[59],"STT-MRAM,":[61],"additional":[63,102],"term":[65],"must":[66],"be":[67],"added":[68],"LLG":[71,98],"equation.":[72],"acting":[75],"on":[76],"generated":[80],"by":[81,198],"nonequilibrium":[83],"spin":[84,107],"accumulation":[85,108],"due":[86],"electric":[89],"current":[90],"flowing":[91],"through":[92],"structure.":[94],"partial":[96],"differential":[97],"computed":[104],"from":[105],"solved":[110],"using":[111,125],"highly":[113],"efficient":[114],"finite":[115,144],"element":[116],"method":[117,146],"(FEM).":[118],"We":[119],"implemented":[120],"several":[121],"time":[122,157,162],"integration":[123,158],"schemes":[124],"open-source":[127],"FEM":[128,137],"library.":[129],"order":[131,180],"verify":[133],"calibrate":[135],"implementation,":[138],"compared":[140],"it":[141],"a":[143,151,183,189],"difference":[145],"(FDM)":[147],"implementation":[148],"used":[149],"as":[150,169],"reference.":[152],"By":[153],"properly":[154],"tailoring":[155],"scheme":[159],"step":[163],"size,":[164],"almost":[165],"identical":[166],"results":[168],"FDM":[172],"achieved.":[174],"Proper":[175],"calibration":[176],"essential":[178],"in":[179],"simulate":[182],"more":[184],"realistic":[185],"multi-layer":[186],"structure":[187],"composite":[190],"switching":[191],"layer":[192],"consisting":[193],"ferromagnetic":[195],"layers":[196],"separated":[197],"nonmagnetic":[199],"buffers.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}