{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3046418879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/jcin.2020.9130430","title":"Joint Beamforming and Phase Shift Design in Downlink UAV Networks with IRS-Assisted NOMA","display_name":"Joint Beamforming and Phase Shift Design in Downlink UAV Networks with IRS-Assisted NOMA","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3046418879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/jcin.2020.9130430","mag":"3046418879"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/jcin.2020.9130430","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/jcin.2020.9130430","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178728","display_name":"Journal of Communications and Information Networks","issn_l":"2096-1081","issn":["2096-1081","2509-3312"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Communications and Information Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019810038","display_name":"Shiyu Jiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8703-477X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shiyu Jiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, the University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, the University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100386867","display_name":"Fang Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6582-6570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, the University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, the University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082718630","display_name":"Xiaotian Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3237-5347"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaotian Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100375622","display_name":"Haixia Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5081-7287"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haixia Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019810038"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.5284,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":120,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98351737,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"2","first_page":"138","last_page":"149"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9677000045776367,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.9159623384475708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.842055082321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.683303952217102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxation","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","score":0.5753557085990906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noma","display_name":"Noma","score":0.4649117887020111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiple-access","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiple access","score":0.4631122648715973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.40443533658981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4038529396057129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.35410213470458984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2373143434524536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20485439896583557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.16657185554504395}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.9159623384475708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.842055082321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.683303952217102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5753557085990906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775918612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q994794","display_name":"Noma","level":3,"score":0.4649117887020111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775907427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2697649","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiple access","level":4,"score":0.4631122648715973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.40443533658981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4038529396057129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.35410213470458984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2373143434524536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20485439896583557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.16657185554504395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/jcin.2020.9130430","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/jcin.2020.9130430","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178728","display_name":"Journal of Communications and Information Networks","issn_l":"2096-1081","issn":["2096-1081","2509-3312"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Communications and Information Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901462474","https://openalex.org/W1958281780","https://openalex.org/W2268751503","https://openalex.org/W2277419020","https://openalex.org/W2593105899","https://openalex.org/W2597206177","https://openalex.org/W2769456309","https://openalex.org/W2883271860","https://openalex.org/W2912159494","https://openalex.org/W2981096252","https://openalex.org/W2999490868","https://openalex.org/W3000577820","https://openalex.org/W3007000516","https://openalex.org/W3036604634"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2770984158","https://openalex.org/W4321488558","https://openalex.org/W2754267164","https://openalex.org/W2908065019","https://openalex.org/W4377971333","https://openalex.org/W4226170102","https://openalex.org/W1448528914","https://openalex.org/W3021171826","https://openalex.org/W3020513938","https://openalex.org/W3046418879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,29],"investigates":[2],"a":[3],"simple":[4],"design":[5],"of":[6,27,35,44,60,76,86,109,149],"intelligent":[7],"reflecting":[8],"surface":[9],"(IRS)":[10],"based":[11,116,129,165],"unmanned":[12],"aerial":[13],"vehicles":[14],"(UAV)":[15],"assisted":[16],"multiple-input":[17],"single-output":[18],"nonorthogonal":[19],"multiple":[20,169],"access":[21,170],"(NOMA)":[22],"downlink":[23],"network.":[24],"The":[25],"aim":[26],"this":[28],"is":[30,112,128],"to":[31,68,103,144],"maximize":[32],"the":[33,36,41,45,50,58,70,80,83,87,96,105,113,125,147,150],"rate":[34,43,123],"strong":[37],"user":[38,47],"while":[39],"guaranteeing":[40],"target":[42],"weak":[46],"given":[48,94],"by":[49,95],"optimized":[51],"UAV":[52],"horizontal":[53],"position.":[54],"We":[55],"first":[56],"optimize":[57,69],"location":[59],"IRS-UAV.":[61],"Then":[62],"we":[63,99],"propose":[64,100],"an":[65],"iterative":[66],"algorithm":[67,118],"transmit":[71],"beamforming":[72,81,89],"and":[73,124,163],"phase":[74,107,160],"shift":[75],"IRS":[77,164],"alternatively.":[78],"For":[79],"optimization,":[82],"closed-form":[84],"expressions":[85],"optimal":[88,106],"vectors":[90],"are":[91,142,154],"derived.":[92],"Then,":[93],"obtained":[97],"beamforming,":[98],"two":[101,151],"methods":[102],"obtain":[104],"shifting":[108,161],"IRS.":[110],"One":[111],"semidefinite":[114],"relaxation":[115],"iteration":[117],"which":[119,135],"provides":[120],"high":[121],"data":[122],"other":[126],"one":[127],"on":[130],"successive":[131],"convex":[132],"approximation":[133],"technique":[134],"has":[136],"low":[137],"complexity.":[138],"Finally,":[139],"simulation":[140],"results":[141],"provided":[143],"show":[145],"that":[146],"performance":[148],"proposed":[152],"algorithms":[153],"significantly":[155],"better":[156],"than":[157],"using":[158],"random":[159],"scenario":[162],"UAV-assisted":[166],"orthogonal":[167],"frequency-division":[168],"scheme.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-11T08:14:18.477133","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}