{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2783936075","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/itu-wt.2017.8247004","title":"The immutability concept of blockchains and benefits of early standardization","display_name":"The immutability concept of blockchains and benefits of early standardization","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2783936075","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/itu-wt.2017.8247004","mag":"2783936075"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/itu-wt.2017.8247004","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/itu-wt.2017.8247004","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 ITU Kaleidoscope: Challenges for a Data-Driven Society (ITU K)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111903886","display_name":"Frank Hofmann","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Frank Hofmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Innovation Economics Berlin University of Technology, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Innovation Economics Berlin University of Technology, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070625415","display_name":"Simone Wurster","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2876-3416"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simone Wurster","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Innovation Economics Berlin University of Technology, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Innovation Economics Berlin University of Technology, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111259780","display_name":"Eyal D. Ron","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2160-5551"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eyal Ron","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cryptom Technologies UG, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cryptom Technologies UG, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068561339","display_name":"Moritz B\u00f6hmecke\u2010Schwafert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0543-2622"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moritz Bohmecke-Schwafert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Innovation Economics Berlin University of Technology, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Innovation Economics Berlin University of Technology, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111903886"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.569,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":129,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96357375,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.9728999733924866,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immutability","display_name":"Immutability","score":0.9959806203842163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.9529213905334473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standardization","display_name":"Standardization","score":0.8837916851043701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5932503342628479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.5800872445106506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serendipity","display_name":"Serendipity","score":0.4384332001209259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2667105793952942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.08398246765136719}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776126399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3942906","display_name":"Immutability","level":3,"score":0.9959806203842163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.9529213905334473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188087704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369577","display_name":"Standardization","level":2,"score":0.8837916851043701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5932503342628479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5800872445106506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779119418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166039","display_name":"Serendipity","level":2,"score":0.4384332001209259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2667105793952942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.08398246765136719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/itu-wt.2017.8247004","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/itu-wt.2017.8247004","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 ITU Kaleidoscope: Challenges for a Data-Driven Society (ITU K)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4400945","https://openalex.org/W893234787","https://openalex.org/W1261669801","https://openalex.org/W1631150390","https://openalex.org/W1892798954","https://openalex.org/W1972614536","https://openalex.org/W1980830466","https://openalex.org/W1987699195","https://openalex.org/W1988699025","https://openalex.org/W2092068344","https://openalex.org/W2154505708","https://openalex.org/W2166433695","https://openalex.org/W2168963270","https://openalex.org/W2192002082","https://openalex.org/W2219874140","https://openalex.org/W2300909158","https://openalex.org/W2305084780","https://openalex.org/W2392113277","https://openalex.org/W2486528818","https://openalex.org/W2511446761","https://openalex.org/W2527800909","https://openalex.org/W2531564265","https://openalex.org/W2584059458","https://openalex.org/W2587667920","https://openalex.org/W2603033915","https://openalex.org/W2614305404","https://openalex.org/W2729396025","https://openalex.org/W2735430654","https://openalex.org/W2736611598","https://openalex.org/W2945978829","https://openalex.org/W2950744594","https://openalex.org/W3037093279","https://openalex.org/W3121889917","https://openalex.org/W3122680490","https://openalex.org/W3123259192","https://openalex.org/W3170155899","https://openalex.org/W4233409773","https://openalex.org/W4248175462","https://openalex.org/W6687514353"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1517747134","https://openalex.org/W2802479602","https://openalex.org/W4386576376","https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4205615116","https://openalex.org/W3130746757","https://openalex.org/W4380683080"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,29,40,80],"blockchain":[1,30,36,47,61,78,94,108],"technology":[2,31,48],"can":[3],"be":[4],"regarded":[5],"as":[6,85],"a":[7,66,86],"groundbreaking":[8],"invention":[9],"with":[10],"the":[11,15,19,33,46,53,56,59,73,91,100,107],"potential":[12,111],"to":[13,18,24,104],"bring":[14],"digital":[16],"revolution":[17],"next":[20],"stage":[21],"by":[22,112],"helping":[23],"realize":[25],"peer":[26],"economy":[27],"solutions.":[28],"and":[32,55,75],"concept":[34],"of":[35,42,45,58,77,93],"immutability":[37,62],"is":[38,68,83],"discussed.":[39],"benefits":[41],"early":[43],"standardization":[44],"are":[49],"argued":[50],"based":[51],"on":[52,97],"literature":[54],"analysis":[57],"central":[60],"characteristic.":[63],"From":[64],"this,":[65],"framework":[67,82],"proposed":[69],"aimed":[70],"at":[71],"understanding":[72],"dimensions":[74],"boundaries":[76],"immutability.":[79],"resulting":[81],"suggested":[84],"good":[87],"practice":[88],"standard":[89],"for":[90],"implementation":[92],"systems.":[95],"Based":[96],"these":[98],"efforts,":[99],"article":[101],"supports":[102],"initiatives":[103],"better":[105],"exploit":[106],"technology's":[109],"full":[110],"standardization.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
