{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3047218443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ilrn47897.2020.9155197","title":"An AR-Based Case Study of Using Textual and Collaborative Scaffolding for Students with Different Self-Efficacy to Learn Lever Principles","display_name":"An AR-Based Case Study of Using Textual and Collaborative Scaffolding for Students with Different Self-Efficacy to Learn Lever Principles","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3047218443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ilrn47897.2020.9155197","mag":"3047218443"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/ilrn47897.2020.9155197","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ilrn47897.2020.9155197","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 6th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101702189","display_name":"Changhao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8907-4020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changhao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["VR/AR+Education Lab, School of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VR/AR+Education Lab, School of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031079545","display_name":"Shuo Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6146-3613"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuo Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["VR/AR+Education Lab, School of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VR/AR+Education Lab, School of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102368716","display_name":"Shu-Ming Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuming Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["VR/AR+Education Lab, School of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VR/AR+Education Lab, School of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007408521","display_name":"Su Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4543-0621"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Su Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["VR/AR+Education Lab, School of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VR/AR+Education Lab, School of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5874,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69232679,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"9","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10888","display_name":"Augmented Reality Applications","score":0.9779999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10888","display_name":"Augmented Reality Applications","score":0.9779999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9605000019073486,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.9419999718666077,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lever","display_name":"Lever","score":0.7692884802818298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6869500875473022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaffold","display_name":"Scaffold","score":0.6649173498153687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4344823956489563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.3801659643650055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.33154886960983276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.22360432147979736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.137626051902771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.10683226585388184}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107524782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40164","display_name":"Lever","level":2,"score":0.7692884802818298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6869500875473022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89429830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735710","display_name":"Scaffold","level":2,"score":0.6649173498153687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4344823956489563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3801659643650055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.33154886960983276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.22360432147979736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.137626051902771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.10683226585388184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/ilrn47897.2020.9155197","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ilrn47897.2020.9155197","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 6th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W103394227","https://openalex.org/W1528871119","https://openalex.org/W1553500732","https://openalex.org/W1760659863","https://openalex.org/W1777119744","https://openalex.org/W1970370179","https://openalex.org/W1980039496","https://openalex.org/W2034503507","https://openalex.org/W2062737188","https://openalex.org/W2062956915","https://openalex.org/W2063627032","https://openalex.org/W2068690371","https://openalex.org/W2074243449","https://openalex.org/W2106760415","https://openalex.org/W2118588574","https://openalex.org/W2136280059","https://openalex.org/W2281750100","https://openalex.org/W2518835197","https://openalex.org/W2564539376","https://openalex.org/W2581800285","https://openalex.org/W2592065838","https://openalex.org/W2735105394","https://openalex.org/W2767833467","https://openalex.org/W2776903415","https://openalex.org/W2790473009","https://openalex.org/W2793770635","https://openalex.org/W2800786311","https://openalex.org/W2803033300","https://openalex.org/W2807927925","https://openalex.org/W2900652735","https://openalex.org/W2901509907","https://openalex.org/W2914007800","https://openalex.org/W2921701354","https://openalex.org/W2951454834","https://openalex.org/W6760498201"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2319849381","https://openalex.org/W3208483585","https://openalex.org/W809494831","https://openalex.org/W4379985877","https://openalex.org/W4250682053","https://openalex.org/W2996939057","https://openalex.org/W2341184654","https://openalex.org/W2362409171","https://openalex.org/W2322242318","https://openalex.org/W2350467400"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,15,64,95,115,123],"deepening":[2],"application":[3],"of":[4,17,59,66,97,117,126],"augmented":[5],"reality":[6],"(AR)":[7],"in":[8,47,102],"education,":[9],"researches":[10],"pay":[11,112],"more":[12],"attention":[13,113],"to":[14,24,28,52,111,114],"evaluation":[16],"learning":[18,75,119],"results":[19,92],"rather":[20],"than":[21],"consider":[22],"how":[23],"use":[25,96],"teaching":[26,71,104],"strategies":[27,72],"support":[29],"personalized":[30],"teaching.":[31],"This":[32],"study":[33],"developed":[34],"an":[35,88],"AR":[36,103],"science":[37,50],"curriculum":[38],"incorporating":[39],"textual":[40,98],"and":[41,44,69,77,99,120],"collaborative":[42,100],"scaffolding,":[43],"taught":[45],"it":[46],"elementary":[48,89],"school":[49],"classes":[51],"help":[53,106],"students":[54,107],"learn":[55],"about":[56],"scientific":[57],"knowledge":[58],"lever":[60],"principle.":[61],"To":[62],"explore":[63],"effects":[65],"different":[67],"self-efficacy":[68,110],"scaffolding":[70,101],"on":[73,87],"students'":[74],"conceptions":[76,116],"cognitive":[78,124],"load,":[79],"a":[80],"two":[81,83],"times":[82],"experiment":[84],"was":[85],"conducted":[86],"school.":[90],"The":[91],"show":[93],"that":[94],"can":[105],"with":[108],"low":[109],"deep":[118],"effectively":[121],"reduce":[122],"load":[125],"students.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
