{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2955072348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/iconac.2018.8749077","title":"The Development of an Automatic Inspection System Used for the Maintenance of Rail Tunnels","display_name":"The Development of an Automatic Inspection System Used for the Maintenance of Rail Tunnels","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2955072348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/iconac.2018.8749077","mag":"2955072348"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/iconac.2018.8749077","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/iconac.2018.8749077","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 24th International Conference on Automation and Computing (ICAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045108230","display_name":"Emilios Leonidas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6448-0467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","display_name":"Aston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j0ve876","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Emilios Leonidas","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston University, Birmingham, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston University, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036328326","display_name":"Yuchun Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6388-813X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","display_name":"Aston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j0ve876","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuchun Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston University, Birmingham, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston University, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045108230"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2244,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61683003,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-inspection","display_name":"Visual inspection","score":0.6812678575515747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.5400058031082153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automated-x-ray-inspection","display_name":"Automated X-ray inspection","score":0.5156456232070923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4944422245025635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4815159738063812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-vision","display_name":"Machine vision","score":0.4588729441165924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.41065680980682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.32744818925857544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.30268529057502747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.18250972032546997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.15947306156158447}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168820333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q448889","display_name":"Visual inspection","level":2,"score":0.6812678575515747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.5400058031082153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146920229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2278114","display_name":"Automated X-ray inspection","level":4,"score":0.5156456232070923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4944422245025635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4815159738063812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5339829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1425977","display_name":"Machine vision","level":2,"score":0.4588729441165924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.41065680980682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.32744818925857544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.30268529057502747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.18250972032546997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.15947306156158447}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/iconac.2018.8749077","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/iconac.2018.8749077","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 24th International Conference on Automation and Computing (ICAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W12893590","https://openalex.org/W47120556","https://openalex.org/W1234511325","https://openalex.org/W1573544262","https://openalex.org/W1582368210","https://openalex.org/W1973143425","https://openalex.org/W2002014495","https://openalex.org/W2014252132","https://openalex.org/W2048377713","https://openalex.org/W2065646180","https://openalex.org/W2116464918","https://openalex.org/W2171655636","https://openalex.org/W2178284657","https://openalex.org/W2182188609","https://openalex.org/W4210366420","https://openalex.org/W6807718918"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2493185854","https://openalex.org/W2058593100","https://openalex.org/W849857824","https://openalex.org/W617381866","https://openalex.org/W2339456629","https://openalex.org/W1986703546","https://openalex.org/W1987385378","https://openalex.org/W2132335896","https://openalex.org/W2794901953","https://openalex.org/W2762725308"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,25,47,68,129],"inspection":[1,13,73],"of":[2,28,44,49,84,114,140],"railway":[3,125,148],"tunnels":[4,29],"can":[5],"be":[6],"time-consuming":[7],"and":[8,42,102,108,112],"costly,":[9],"relying":[10],"on":[11,63,122],"manual":[12],"for":[14,61,81,91,144],"the":[15,33,64,82,110,115,138],"most":[16],"part":[17],"that":[18],"tends":[19],"to":[20,32,39,53,58,106,136],"become":[21],"inefficient":[22],"with":[23,97],"time.":[24],"operational":[26],"environment":[27],"is":[30,52],"unaccommodating":[31],"inspecting":[34],"personnel,":[35],"by":[36],"exposing":[37],"them":[38],"dust,":[40],"humidity,":[41],"absence":[43],"natural":[45],"lighting.":[46],"purpose":[48],"this":[50,87],"work":[51],"develop":[54],"a":[55,89,92,123,142],"robotic":[56,93],"system":[57,69,143],"automatically":[59],"detect":[60],"cracks":[62],"tunnel's":[65],"concrete":[66,127],"surfaces.":[67],"will":[70],"utilize":[71],"visual":[72],"methods,":[74],"using":[75],"computer":[76],"vision":[77,116],"image":[78],"processing":[79,100],"algorithm":[80],"detection":[83,121],"cracks.":[85],"Within":[86],"work,":[88],"concept":[90],"system's":[94,117],"prototype,":[95],"along":[96],"developed":[98],"imaged":[99],"techniques,":[101],"conducted":[103],"experiments":[104],"used":[105],"test":[107],"identify":[109],"effectiveness":[111],"limitations":[113],"capabilities":[118],"in":[119,146],"crack":[120],"mimicked":[124],"tunnel":[126,149],"wall.":[128],"experimental":[130],"results":[131],"have":[132],"provided":[133],"comprehensive":[134],"data":[135],"prove":[137],"feasibility":[139],"such":[141],"use":[145],"automated":[147],"inspections.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}