{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2889559465","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/icif.2018.8455234","title":"Alternative EM Algorithms for Nonlinear State-Space Models","display_name":"Alternative EM Algorithms for Nonlinear State-Space Models","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2889559465","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/icif.2018.8455234","mag":"2889559465"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/icif.2018.8455234","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/icif.2018.8455234","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 21st International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048646105","display_name":"Johan Wahlstr\u00f6m","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2058-0834"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johan Wahlstrom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059936184","display_name":"Joakim Jald\u00e9n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6630-243X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joakim Jalden","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057769293","display_name":"Isaac Skog","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3054-6413"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isaac Skog","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024989358","display_name":"Peter H\u00e4ndel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2718-0262"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Handel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3379,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68854187,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1260","last_page":"1267"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11236","display_name":"Control Systems and Identification","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.7960058450698853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expectation\u2013maximization-algorithm","display_name":"Expectation\u2013maximization algorithm","score":0.7510209083557129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5814098715782166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5632381439208984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5041176080703735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy-maximization","display_name":"Entropy maximization","score":0.4905247092247009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.46036234498023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-space","display_name":"State space","score":0.4598243534564972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3147996962070465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.20643123984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-likelihood","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","score":0.14463120698928833}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.7960058450698853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182081679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1275153","display_name":"Expectation\u2013maximization algorithm","level":3,"score":0.7510209083557129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5814098715782166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5632381439208984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5041176080703735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127233936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417473","display_name":"Entropy maximization","level":3,"score":0.4905247092247009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.46036234498023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72434380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230930","display_name":"State space","level":2,"score":0.4598243534564972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3147996962070465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.20643123984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49781872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045555","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","level":2,"score":0.14463120698928833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9679016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417473","display_name":"Principle of maximum entropy","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/icif.2018.8455234","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/icif.2018.8455234","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 21st International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ore.exeter.ac.uk:10871/122107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10871/122107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401998","display_name":"Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I23923803","host_organization_name":"University of Exeter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference proceedings"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/29771867","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference contribution"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/29771867","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference contribution"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320940","display_name":"Stiftelsen f\u00f6r\u00a0Strategisk Forskning","ror":"https://ror.org/044wr7g58"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W88520345","https://openalex.org/W190437928","https://openalex.org/W194242946","https://openalex.org/W1496986211","https://openalex.org/W1506720962","https://openalex.org/W1531889752","https://openalex.org/W1596437242","https://openalex.org/W1611306188","https://openalex.org/W1849661296","https://openalex.org/W1964222647","https://openalex.org/W1967639437","https://openalex.org/W1979603710","https://openalex.org/W1982515794","https://openalex.org/W2013002270","https://openalex.org/W2023360702","https://openalex.org/W2024476015","https://openalex.org/W2043257522","https://openalex.org/W2049633694","https://openalex.org/W2049650637","https://openalex.org/W2072634211","https://openalex.org/W2098091224","https://openalex.org/W2100843016","https://openalex.org/W2105657812","https://openalex.org/W2116999064","https://openalex.org/W2117853077","https://openalex.org/W2118254160","https://openalex.org/W2118760499","https://openalex.org/W2123081085","https://openalex.org/W2141080987","https://openalex.org/W2150951085","https://openalex.org/W2184652060","https://openalex.org/W2296319761","https://openalex.org/W2343448273","https://openalex.org/W2498094064","https://openalex.org/W2605699838","https://openalex.org/W3021236955","https://openalex.org/W3029645440","https://openalex.org/W3103934441","https://openalex.org/W3121493172","https://openalex.org/W3152001179","https://openalex.org/W4232464081","https://openalex.org/W4242541695","https://openalex.org/W4245883374","https://openalex.org/W4301014524","https://openalex.org/W6629632285","https://openalex.org/W6638970011","https://openalex.org/W6677571061","https://openalex.org/W6678084675"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3102188974","https://openalex.org/W3004810941","https://openalex.org/W4287870705","https://openalex.org/W1976188970","https://openalex.org/W3199097846","https://openalex.org/W624081655","https://openalex.org/W2990541822","https://openalex.org/W2169074448","https://openalex.org/W2576492542","https://openalex.org/W1952656308"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,90],"expectation-maximization":[1,38,57,78,95],"algorithm":[2,80],"is":[3,32,97],"a":[4,13,29,48,65,86],"commonly":[5],"employed":[6],"tool":[7],"for":[8,12],"system":[9],"identification.":[10],"However,":[11],"large":[14],"set":[15],"of":[16,36,51,68,85,92],"state-space":[17],"models,":[18],"the":[19,37,44,61,77,83,93],"maximization":[20,45,62],"step":[21,46,63],"cannot":[22],"be":[23],"solved":[24],"analytically.":[25],"In":[26],"these":[27],"situations,":[28],"natural":[30],"remedy":[31],"to":[33,42],"make":[34],"use":[35],"gradient":[39,79],"algorithm,":[40],"i.e.,":[41],"replace":[43,60],"by":[47],"single":[49,66],"iteration":[50,67],"Newton's":[52],"method.":[53,73],"We":[54],"propose":[55],"alternative":[56],"algorithms":[58,75,96],"that":[59],"with":[64,99],"some":[69],"other":[70],"well-known":[71],"optimization":[72],"These":[74],"parallel":[76],"while":[81],"relaxing":[82],"assumption":[84],"concave":[87],"objective":[88],"function.":[89],"benefit":[91],"proposed":[94],"demonstrated":[98],"examples":[100],"based":[101],"on":[102],"standard":[103],"observation":[104],"models":[105],"in":[106],"tracking":[107],"and":[108],"localization.":[109]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}