{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3213453226","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/icac50006.2021.9594115","title":"Weighted Multi-Element Synthetic Aperture Focusing Technique Algorithm of Ultrasonic Non-Destructive Testing on Machinery","display_name":"Weighted Multi-Element Synthetic Aperture Focusing Technique Algorithm of Ultrasonic Non-Destructive Testing on Machinery","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3213453226","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/icac50006.2021.9594115","mag":"3213453226"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/icac50006.2021.9594115","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/icac50006.2021.9594115","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 26th International Conference on Automation and Computing (ICAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/6603601","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009562890","display_name":"Zezhong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8345-9081"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","display_name":"Aston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j0ve876","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zezhong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010353663","display_name":"Xianghong Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4957-2942"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","display_name":"Aston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j0ve876","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianghong Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036328326","display_name":"Yuchun Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6388-813X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","display_name":"Aston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j0ve876","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuchun Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4455,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57550492,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nondestructive-testing","display_name":"Nondestructive testing","score":0.7037417888641357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.6028388738632202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5746183395385742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5737621188163757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasonic-sensor","display_name":"Ultrasonic sensor","score":0.5403068661689758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4465840458869934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4182116389274597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.413523405790329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3142200708389282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.26500558853149414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.13924568891525269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09298011660575867}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56529433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q626700","display_name":"Nondestructive testing","level":2,"score":0.7037417888641357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.6028388738632202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5746183395385742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5737621188163757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81288441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20736125","display_name":"Ultrasonic sensor","level":2,"score":0.5403068661689758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4465840458869934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4182116389274597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.413523405790329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3142200708389282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.26500558853149414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.13924568891525269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09298011660575867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/icac50006.2021.9594115","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/icac50006.2021.9594115","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 26th International Conference on Automation and Computing (ICAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:6603601","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/6603601","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:6603601","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/6603601","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1554909086","https://openalex.org/W2017571932","https://openalex.org/W2121183220","https://openalex.org/W2150292986","https://openalex.org/W2159914506","https://openalex.org/W2213867446","https://openalex.org/W2760800255","https://openalex.org/W2769605064","https://openalex.org/W3012303504","https://openalex.org/W3034987565","https://openalex.org/W3091523713","https://openalex.org/W3095207924","https://openalex.org/W3120508656","https://openalex.org/W4235584605","https://openalex.org/W6633168601","https://openalex.org/W6746627214","https://openalex.org/W7018444930"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2180954594","https://openalex.org/W2052835778","https://openalex.org/W2049003611","https://openalex.org/W2108418243","https://openalex.org/W2127804977","https://openalex.org/W164103134","https://openalex.org/W2787352659","https://openalex.org/W1970611213","https://openalex.org/W4206560911","https://openalex.org/W4372260270"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"key":[0],"components":[1,16,40,278],"of":[2,14,38,74,90,95,144,236,249,256,276,286],"large":[3],"industrial":[4],"equipment":[5],"for":[6,78,152],"manufacturing":[7,81],"need":[8],"regular":[9],"maintenance.":[10],"The":[11,194,226,253],"health":[12,32,36],"state":[13,37],"these":[15,117],"are":[17,48,108,162],"evaluated":[18],"during":[19],"maintenance,":[20],"then":[21],"future":[22,153,272],"maintenance":[23,77],"plan":[24],"is":[25,41,61,83,97,101,137,197,220,260],"continuously":[26],"updated":[27],"according":[28],"to":[29,43,67,86,110,164,179],"the":[30,35,72,87,93,99,105,142,158,166,173,223,230,250,257,271,284],"latest":[31],"state.":[33],"However,":[34],"some":[39],"difficult":[42,109],"evaluate":[44],"since":[45],"internal":[46,69],"flaws":[47],"invisible":[49],"and":[50,104,129,150,205,211,245],"cannot":[51],"be":[52,280],"detected":[53],"with":[54,127,134,207],"passive":[55],"inspection":[56,96],"methods.":[57],"Ultrasonic":[58],"testing":[59,148],"(UT)":[60],"an":[62],"active":[63],"non-destructive":[64,147],"testing(NDT)":[65],"method":[66,214],"inspect":[68],"defects.":[70],"But":[71],"use":[73],"UT":[75],"in":[76,80,202],"machinery":[79],"industry":[82],"limited":[84,88],"due":[85],"quality":[89,143],"result,":[91],"i.e.,":[92],"depth":[94],"limited,":[98],"resolution":[100,240],"not":[102],"sufficient,":[103],"complicated":[106],"defects":[107],"interpret":[111],"from":[112,187],"2D":[113],"images.":[114],"To":[115],"overcome":[116],"problems,":[118],"a":[119,130],"multi-element":[120,209],"synthetic":[121],"aperture":[122],"focusing":[123,213],"technique":[124],"(SAFT)":[125],"algorithm":[126,196,232,259],"filtering":[128],"novel":[131],"weighting":[132,169],"factor":[133,170],"linear":[135],"array":[136],"studied.":[138],"It":[139],"can":[140,171,279],"improve":[141],"conventional":[145,180],"ultrasonic":[146],"(UNDT)":[149],"prepare":[151],"3D":[154,274],"model":[155],"reconstruction.":[156],"In":[157,270],"proposed":[159,195,231,258],"algorithm,":[160,181],"filters":[161],"implemented":[163,281],"denoise":[165],"acquired":[167,174,251],"images,":[168],"make":[172],"image":[175],"more":[176],"balanced":[177],"comparing":[178],"which":[182],"simply":[183],"sums":[184],"received":[185],"signal":[186],"all":[188],"receiving":[189],"elements":[190],"at":[191],"each":[192],"pixel.":[193],"simulated":[198],"using":[199],"FIELD":[200],"II":[201],"Matlab":[203],"software":[204],"compared":[206],"single-element,":[208],"SAFT":[210,265],"total":[212],"(TFM)":[215],"algorithms.":[216],"An":[217],"aluminium":[218],"specimen":[219],"used":[221],"as":[222],"simulation":[224],"object.":[225],"results":[227,285],"show":[228],"that":[229],"has":[233],"clearer":[234],"boundaries":[235],"defects,":[237],"better":[238,246],"contrast":[239],"(CR),":[241],"contrast-to-noise":[242],"ratio":[243],"(CNR)":[244],"overall":[247],"result":[248],"image.":[252],"computational":[254],"complexity":[255],"higher":[261],"than":[262,268],"single":[263],"element":[264],"but":[266],"lower":[267],"TFM.":[269],"study,":[273],"reconstruction":[275],"defective":[277],"based":[282],"on":[283],"this":[287],"study.":[288]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
