{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413679293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/fusion65864.2025.11124015","title":"Variational Message Passing-Based Multiobject Tracking for MIMO-Radars Using Raw Sensor Signals","display_name":"Variational Message Passing-Based Multiobject Tracking for MIMO-Radars Using Raw Sensor Signals","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413679293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/fusion65864.2025.11124015"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/fusion65864.2025.11124015","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/fusion65864.2025.11124015","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 28th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/ee21b252-0907-4771-84d3-f99e57eb83b8","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013898256","display_name":"Anders Malthe Westerkam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9802-7192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anders Malthe Westerkam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aalborg University,Aalborg,Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalborg University,Aalborg,Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021509543","display_name":"Jakob M\u00f6derl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9003-7143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4092182","display_name":"Graz University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7xrm67","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jakob M\u00f6derl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graz University of Technology,Graz,Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graz University of Technology,Graz,Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010718972","display_name":"Erik Leitinger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1048-4849"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4092182","display_name":"Graz University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7xrm67","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erik Leitinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graz University of Technology,Graz,Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graz University of Technology,Graz,Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010233059","display_name":"Troels Pedersen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3003-4901"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Troels Pedersen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aalborg University,Aalborg,Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalborg University,Aalborg,Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013898256"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.31016791,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9742000102996826,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9742000102996826,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12879","display_name":"Distributed Sensor Networks and Detection Algorithms","score":0.9368000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6288453340530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.6057509779930115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.5706189870834351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-tracker","display_name":"Radar tracker","score":0.5482672452926636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/message-passing","display_name":"Message passing","score":0.5195691585540771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.42029958963394165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.389076292514801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.3707418739795685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1575908362865448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.11426663398742676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.10063308477401733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.08258271217346191}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6288453340530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.6057509779930115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5706189870834351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32283439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407014","display_name":"Radar tracker","level":3,"score":0.5482672452926636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C854659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1859284","display_name":"Message passing","level":2,"score":0.5195691585540771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.42029958963394165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.389076292514801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.3707418739795685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1575908362865448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.11426663398742676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.10063308477401733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.08258271217346191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/fusion65864.2025.11124015","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/fusion65864.2025.11124015","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 28th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/ee21b252-0907-4771-84d3-f99e57eb83b8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/ee21b252-0907-4771-84d3-f99e57eb83b8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Westerkam, A M, M\u00f6derl, J, Leitinger, E & Pedersen, T 2025, Variational Message Passing-based Multiobject Tracking for MIMO-Radars using Raw Sensor Signals. in 2025 28th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)., 11124015, IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), 28th International Conference on Information Fusion, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 07/07/2025. https://doi.org/10.23919/FUSION65864.2025.11124015","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/ee21b252-0907-4771-84d3-f99e57eb83b8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/ee21b252-0907-4771-84d3-f99e57eb83b8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Westerkam, A M, M\u00f6derl, J, Leitinger, E & Pedersen, T 2025, Variational Message Passing-based Multiobject Tracking for MIMO-Radars using Raw Sensor Signals. in 2025 28th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)., 11124015, IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), 28th International Conference on Information Fusion, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 07/07/2025. https://doi.org/10.23919/FUSION65864.2025.11124015","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1501739804","https://openalex.org/W1745301770","https://openalex.org/W2011193477","https://openalex.org/W2049526524","https://openalex.org/W2052240371","https://openalex.org/W2067341428","https://openalex.org/W2109932989","https://openalex.org/W2118130616","https://openalex.org/W2126885789","https://openalex.org/W2150829213","https://openalex.org/W2153016480","https://openalex.org/W2270755773","https://openalex.org/W2339230339","https://openalex.org/W2480565963","https://openalex.org/W2626147873","https://openalex.org/W2626884616","https://openalex.org/W2772542818","https://openalex.org/W2786070790","https://openalex.org/W2955963448","https://openalex.org/W2992409046","https://openalex.org/W3081693052","https://openalex.org/W3126344916","https://openalex.org/W3200180699","https://openalex.org/W4381307849","https://openalex.org/W4384916595","https://openalex.org/W4387609186","https://openalex.org/W4391382285","https://openalex.org/W4392309330","https://openalex.org/W4392543669","https://openalex.org/W4393380121","https://openalex.org/W4396680668","https://openalex.org/W4396948963","https://openalex.org/W4403332016","https://openalex.org/W4404132869","https://openalex.org/W4408647620"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2978729728","https://openalex.org/W4288966080","https://openalex.org/W2545343974","https://openalex.org/W4291895924","https://openalex.org/W2510374584","https://openalex.org/W1975451135","https://openalex.org/W2134852660","https://openalex.org/W1783583321","https://openalex.org/W1530347314","https://openalex.org/W2038397443"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"propose":[4],"a":[5,49,55,114,119,138],"direct":[6],"multiobject":[7],"tracking":[8],"(MOT)":[9],"approach":[10],"for":[11,91],"MIMO-radar":[12,105],"signals":[13,106],"that":[14,108],"operates":[15],"on":[16,33,104],"raw":[17],"sensor":[18],"data":[19,135],"via":[20],"variational":[21],"message":[22],"passing":[23],"(VMP).":[24],"Unlike":[25],"classical":[26,129],"track-before-detect":[27],"(TBD)":[28],"methods,":[29],"which":[30],"often":[31],"rely":[32],"simplified":[34],"likelihood":[35],"models":[36],"and":[37,53,64,80,94,137],"exclude":[38],"nuisance":[39,83],"parameters":[40],"(e.g.,":[41],"object":[42,62,65],"amplitudes,":[43],"noise":[44],"variance),":[45],"our":[46,109],"method":[47,87,112],"adopts":[48],"superimposed":[50],"signal":[51,74],"model":[52],"employs":[54],"mean-field":[56],"approximation":[57],"to":[58,76],"jointly":[59,81],"estimate":[60],"both":[61],"existence":[63],"states.":[66],"By":[67],"considering":[68],"correlations":[69],"within":[70],"in":[71,95],"the":[72,85],"radar":[73],"due":[75],"closely":[77],"spaced":[78],"objects":[79,93],"estimating":[82],"parameters,":[84],"proposed":[86],"achieves":[88],"robust":[89],"performance":[90],"closeby":[92],"low-signal-to-noise":[96],"ratio":[97],"(SNR)":[98],"regimes.":[99],"Our":[100],"numerical":[101],"evaluation":[102],"based":[103],"demonstrate":[107],"VMP-based":[110],"direct-MOT":[111],"outperforms":[113],"detect-then-track":[115],"(DTT)":[116],"pipeline":[117],"comprising":[118],"super-resolution":[120],"sparse":[121],"Bayesian":[122],"learning":[123],"(SBL)-based":[124],"estimation":[125],"stage":[126],"followed":[127],"by":[128],"MOT":[130],"using":[131],"global":[132],"nearest":[133],"neighbor":[134],"association":[136],"Kalman":[139],"filter.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-13T16:22:10.518609","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}