{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413679764","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/fusion65864.2025.11124014","title":"The CRLB for Tracking in Clutter with ML-PDA and ML-PMHT","display_name":"The CRLB for Tracking in Clutter with ML-PDA and ML-PMHT","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413679764","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/fusion65864.2025.11124014"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/fusion65864.2025.11124014","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/fusion65864.2025.11124014","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 28th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072978593","display_name":"M. Phil Lowney","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5812-8539"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799471739","display_name":"Naval Undersea Warfare Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04bnxa153","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1328969757","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2799471739","https://openalex.org/I3130687028"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Phil Lowney","raw_affiliation_strings":["Naval Undersea Warfare Center,Newport,RI,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Naval Undersea Warfare Center,Newport,RI,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799471739"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044127482","display_name":"Yaakov Bar\u2010Shalom","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1317-3368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaakov Bar-Shalom","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Connecticut,Storrs,CT,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Connecticut,Storrs,CT,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028449970","display_name":"Tod Luginbuhl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9596-5803"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799471739","display_name":"Naval Undersea Warfare Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04bnxa153","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1328969757","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2799471739","https://openalex.org/I3130687028"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tod Luginbuhl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Naval Undersea Warfare Center,Newport,RI,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Naval Undersea Warfare Center,Newport,RI,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799471739"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019392883","display_name":"Peter Willett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8443-5586"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Willett","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Connecticut,Storrs,CT,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Connecticut,Storrs,CT,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072978593"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799471739"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28398324,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11233","display_name":"Advanced Adaptive Filtering Techniques","score":0.9584000110626221,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11233","display_name":"Advanced Adaptive Filtering Techniques","score":0.9584000110626221,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.9250190854072571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6313994526863098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cram\u00e9r\u2013rao-bound","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","score":0.6183609962463379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5343503355979919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5140403509140015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.49963951110839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.29112884402275085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-theory","display_name":"Estimation theory","score":0.12674400210380554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12094342708587646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.11136257648468018}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.9250190854072571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6313994526863098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4978587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138810","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","level":3,"score":0.6183609962463379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5343503355979919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5140403509140015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.49963951110839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.29112884402275085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.12674400210380554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12094342708587646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.11136257648468018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/fusion65864.2025.11124014","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/fusion65864.2025.11124014","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 28th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1836752116","https://openalex.org/W1965449873","https://openalex.org/W2033167040","https://openalex.org/W2103204412","https://openalex.org/W2133384842","https://openalex.org/W2144752325","https://openalex.org/W2147799070","https://openalex.org/W2155119951","https://openalex.org/W2162846467"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2013741627","https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2036807459","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,46],"a":[1,82],"realistic":[2],"environment,":[3],"where":[4],"the":[5,23,30,39,51,62,66,69,100],"target":[6],"may":[7,12],"be":[8,13],"missed":[9],"and":[10,38,53,91],"false-alarms":[11],"detected,":[14],"it":[15,87],"is":[16,77],"prudent":[17],"to":[18,94],"capture":[19],"such":[20],"phenomena":[21],"in":[22,81],"tracking":[24],"algorithm.":[25],"Two":[26],"methods":[27],"are":[28],"considered:":[29],"maximum":[31,40],"likelihood":[32,41],"probabilistic":[33,42],"data":[34],"association":[35],"(ML-PDA)":[36],"algorithm":[37],"multi-hypothesis":[43],"tracker":[44],"(ML-PMHT).":[45],"this":[47],"paper":[48],"we":[49],"compare":[50,96],"ML-PDA":[52],"ML-PMHT":[54,80],"based":[55],"on":[56],"their":[57],"Cramer-Rao":[58],"lower":[59],"bounds":[60],"(CRLBs),":[61],"key":[63],"difference":[64],"being":[65],"form":[67,84],"of":[68,99],"scalar":[70],"information":[71],"reduction":[72],"factor":[73],"(IRF).":[74],"The":[75],"IRF":[76],"presented":[78],"for":[79],"new":[83],"that":[85,98],"makes":[86],"more":[88],"computationally":[89],"tractable":[90],"also":[92],"easier":[93],"directly":[95],"with":[97],"ML-PDA.":[101]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}