{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3085563721","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/fusion45008.2020.9190450","title":"GNSS-Free Maritime Navigation using Radar and Digital Elevation Models","display_name":"GNSS-Free Maritime Navigation using Radar and Digital Elevation Models","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3085563721","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/fusion45008.2020.9190450","mag":"3085563721"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/fusion45008.2020.9190450","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/fusion45008.2020.9190450","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-167486","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042557252","display_name":"Jonatan Olofsson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1418-7764"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jonatan Olofsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automatic Control, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automatic Control, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001137240","display_name":"Gustaf Hendeby","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-4295"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gustaf Hendeby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automatic Control, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automatic Control, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058002446","display_name":"Fredrik Gustafsson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3270-171X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fredrik Gustafsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automatic Control, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automatic Control, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090476505","display_name":"D. J. H. C. Maas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5417-7974"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885143765","display_name":"ABB (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks5vt51","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885143765"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deran Maas","raw_affiliation_strings":["ABB Future Labs Switzerland, ABB Switzerland Ltd., Baden-D\u00e4twill, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ABB Future Labs Switzerland, ABB Switzerland Ltd., Baden-D\u00e4twill, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885143765"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088577155","display_name":"Stefano Maran\u00f2","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5307-0980"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885143765","display_name":"ABB (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks5vt51","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885143765"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Marano","raw_affiliation_strings":["ABB Future Labs Switzerland, ABB Switzerland Ltd., Baden-D\u00e4twill, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ABB Future Labs Switzerland, ABB Switzerland Ltd., Baden-D\u00e4twill, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885143765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042557252"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4077,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70042387,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.824852466583252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.637722909450531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5511901378631592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-augmentation","display_name":"GNSS augmentation","score":0.5245799422264099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.5175173282623291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","score":0.5005171298980713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4718344807624817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-navigation","display_name":"Satellite navigation","score":0.4673246443271637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-tracker","display_name":"Radar tracker","score":0.46674662828445435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-system","display_name":"Satellite system","score":0.4399113655090332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-filter","display_name":"Particle filter","score":0.4353233575820923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-navigation","display_name":"Radio navigation","score":0.4192991554737091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3378848731517792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.2362481951713562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20529884099960327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.19812297821044922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.19374528527259827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1885666847229004}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.824852466583252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.637722909450531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5511901378631592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166212672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165162","display_name":"GNSS augmentation","level":4,"score":0.5245799422264099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.5175173282623291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37054046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641888","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","level":2,"score":0.5005171298980713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4718344807624817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36301306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179435","display_name":"Satellite navigation","level":3,"score":0.4673246443271637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32283439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407014","display_name":"Radar tracker","level":3,"score":0.46674662828445435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778027091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25346003","display_name":"Satellite system","level":4,"score":0.4399113655090332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52421305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151499","display_name":"Particle filter","level":3,"score":0.4353233575820923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530343408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1413038","display_name":"Radio navigation","level":3,"score":0.4192991554737091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3378848731517792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.2362481951713562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20529884099960327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.19812297821044922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.19374528527259827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1885666847229004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/fusion45008.2020.9190450","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/fusion45008.2020.9190450","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:liu-167486","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-167486","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:liu-167486","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-167486","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W608137264","https://openalex.org/W1921864689","https://openalex.org/W2098613108","https://openalex.org/W2105934661","https://openalex.org/W2119851068","https://openalex.org/W2122512809","https://openalex.org/W2131747535","https://openalex.org/W2143737806","https://openalex.org/W2146881125","https://openalex.org/W2162269440","https://openalex.org/W2187817568","https://openalex.org/W2332630870","https://openalex.org/W2610334615","https://openalex.org/W2907867057","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111396174","https://openalex.org/W2364356564","https://openalex.org/W2963814634","https://openalex.org/W3205180365","https://openalex.org/W2546516037","https://openalex.org/W2109997931","https://openalex.org/W4213062915","https://openalex.org/W2024000989","https://openalex.org/W2028990501","https://openalex.org/W4205558796"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"maritime":[1,38,121,131],"navigation":[2,21,39],"is":[3,14,59,66,89],"heavily":[4],"dependent":[5],"on":[6,52,130],"satellite":[7],"systems.":[8],"Availability":[9],"of":[10,41,48,72,95,106,115],"an":[11,85],"accurate":[12],"position":[13],"critical":[15],"for":[16,37,109],"safe":[17],"operations,":[18],"but":[19],"satellite-based":[20],"systems":[22],"are":[23],"vulnerable":[24],"to":[25,44,68,91],"interference,":[26],"jamming,":[27],"and":[28,133],"spoofing.":[29],"In":[30],"this":[31,107],"work,":[32],"we":[33],"propose":[34],"a":[35,62,73,77,96,120],"method":[36,108],"independent":[40],"GNSS,":[42],"able":[43],"provide":[45],"absolute":[46],"positioning":[47,117],"the":[49,70,93,104,113],"vessel":[50],"based":[51],"marine":[53,74],"radar":[54],"scans.":[55],"A":[56],"measurement":[57],"model":[58],"presented":[60],"where":[61],"Digital":[63],"Elevation":[64],"Model":[65],"used":[67,83,90],"predict":[69],"output":[71],"radar,":[75],"given":[76],"hypothetical":[78],"position.":[79],"The":[80,123],"model,":[81],"as":[82],"by":[84],"on-line":[86],"particle":[87],"filter,":[88],"track":[92],"movements":[94],"ship":[97],"from":[98],"real":[99],"recorded":[100],"data.":[101,141],"This":[102],"demonstrates":[103,134],"feasibility":[105],"robust":[110],"positioning,":[111],"without":[112],"need":[114],"external":[116],"signals,":[118],"in":[119],"environment.":[122],"tracking":[124],"only":[125],"uses":[126],"sensors":[127],"commonly":[128],"available":[129,139],"vessels,":[132],"its":[135],"application":[136],"using":[137],"freely":[138],"elevation":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-25T08:17:42.794288","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}