{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2762475883","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/fpl.2017.8056780","title":"The Monte Carlo PUF","display_name":"The Monte Carlo PUF","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2762475883","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/fpl.2017.8056780","mag":"2762475883"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/fpl.2017.8056780","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/fpl.2017.8056780","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 27th International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/a025cb23-6355-44cd-be6d-817fb624020d","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029895776","display_name":"Vladimir Ro\u017ei\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3286-3997"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vladimir Rozic","raw_affiliation_strings":["COSIC, KU Leuven, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"COSIC, KU Leuven, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101695003","display_name":"Bohan Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5204-1707"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bohan Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["COSIC, KU Leuven, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"COSIC, KU Leuven, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048904534","display_name":"Jo Vliegen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4258-2208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jo Vliegen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Flanders, BE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Flanders, BE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050888929","display_name":"Nele Mentens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8753-7895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nele Mentens","raw_affiliation_strings":["COSIC, KU Leuven, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"COSIC, KU Leuven, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082347771","display_name":"Ingrid Verbauwhede","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0879-076X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ingrid Verbauwhede","raw_affiliation_strings":["COSIC, KU Leuven, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"COSIC, KU Leuven, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029895776"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2312,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52689163,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9771999716758728,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.8131798505783081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.7851390838623047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6700681447982788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.6660066843032837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5940796732902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-security-module","display_name":"Hardware security module","score":0.5167552828788757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5149455666542053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-unclonable-function","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","score":0.4869564473628998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.39455994963645935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.34398597478866577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3282065987586975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.1531180739402771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.10321289300918579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07584857940673828}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.8131798505783081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.7851390838623047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6700681447982788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.6660066843032837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5940796732902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39217717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432354","display_name":"Hardware security module","level":3,"score":0.5167552828788757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5149455666542053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8643368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4046262","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","level":3,"score":0.4869564473628998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.39455994963645935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.34398597478866577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3282065987586975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.1531180739402771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.10321289300918579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07584857940673828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/fpl.2017.8056780","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/fpl.2017.8056780","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 27th International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/636584","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/636584","pdf_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/a025cb23-6355-44cd-be6d-817fb624020d","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"FPL 2017, Ghent, 4-8 September 2017","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/636584","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/636584","pdf_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/a025cb23-6355-44cd-be6d-817fb624020d","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"FPL 2017, Ghent, 4-8 September 2017","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2388082993","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201206210295","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3349131979","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FWO G.0876.14N","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327336","funder_display_name":"Vlaamse regering"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3351996028","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G.0876.14N","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","funder_display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3460248328","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"C16/15/058","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","funder_display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4009224933","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"C16/15/058","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322308","funder_display_name":"KU Leuven"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/03qtxy027"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322308","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327336","display_name":"Vlaamse regering","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2762475883.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2762475883.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W42545666","https://openalex.org/W1607844737","https://openalex.org/W1975166224","https://openalex.org/W1995871244","https://openalex.org/W2000171858","https://openalex.org/W2057434929","https://openalex.org/W2088630761","https://openalex.org/W2093439000","https://openalex.org/W2102576814","https://openalex.org/W2116374153","https://openalex.org/W2123482651","https://openalex.org/W2130351941","https://openalex.org/W2169212403","https://openalex.org/W2171762889","https://openalex.org/W2526885656","https://openalex.org/W3145722221","https://openalex.org/W3147945423"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3148339641","https://openalex.org/W4292862360","https://openalex.org/W2184096640","https://openalex.org/W3094096662","https://openalex.org/W3018478474","https://openalex.org/W2896245892","https://openalex.org/W3083074270","https://openalex.org/W2910831494","https://openalex.org/W3081452067","https://openalex.org/W4386278306"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Physically":[0],"unclonable":[1],"functions":[2],"are":[3,30,42],"used":[4],"for":[5,96],"IP":[6],"protection,":[7],"hardware":[8],"authentication":[9],"and":[10,40,81,121,131],"supply":[11],"chain":[12],"security.":[13],"While":[14],"many":[15],"PUF":[16,69,128],"constructions":[17],"have":[18],"been":[19],"put":[20],"forward":[21],"in":[22,103],"the":[23,38,43,47,59,88,98,118,122],"past":[24],"decade,":[25],"only":[26],"few":[27],"of":[28,46,100],"them":[29],"applicable":[31],"to":[32,105],"FPGA":[33],"platforms.":[34],"Strict":[35],"constraints":[36],"on":[37,50,58,87,133],"placement":[39,80],"routing":[41,82],"main":[44],"disadvantages":[45],"existing":[48],"PUFs":[49],"FPGAs,":[51],"because":[52],"they":[53],"place":[54],"a":[55,66,107,115],"high":[56],"effort":[57],"designer.":[60],"In":[61],"this":[62],"paper":[63],"we":[64],"propose":[65],"new":[67],"delay-based":[68],"construction":[70,85,113],"called":[71],"Monte":[72,90,126],"Carlo":[73,91,127],"PUF,":[74],"that":[75,93],"does":[76],"not":[77],"require":[78],"low-level":[79],"control.":[83],"This":[84],"relies":[86],"on-chip":[89],"method":[92],"is":[94,129],"applied":[95],"measuring":[97],"delays":[99],"logic":[101],"elements":[102],"order":[104],"extract":[106],"unique":[108],"device":[109],"fingerprint.":[110],"The":[111,125],"proposed":[112],"allows":[114],"trade-off":[116],"between":[117],"evaluation":[119],"time":[120],"error":[123],"rate.":[124],"implemented":[130],"evaluated":[132],"Xilinx":[134],"Spartan-6":[135],"FPGAs.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}