{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4381551078","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eusipco58844.2023.10290043","title":"Novel SPD Matrix Representations Considering Cross-Frequency Coupling for EEG Classification Using Riemannian Geometry","display_name":"Novel SPD Matrix Representations Considering Cross-Frequency Coupling for EEG Classification Using Riemannian Geometry","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4381551078","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eusipco58844.2023.10290043"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/eusipco58844.2023.10290043","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eusipco58844.2023.10290043","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 31st European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04131609/document","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075533342","display_name":"Maria Sayu Yamamoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6058-2060"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I277688954","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjwb503","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I277688954"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085861","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Int\u00e9gration des Syst\u00e8mes et des Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/000dbcc61","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210085861","https://openalex.org/I4210117989"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128565","display_name":"CEA Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03n15ch10","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152856","display_name":"Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Sciences du Num\u00e9rique","ror":"https://ror.org/00rd81916","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4387152856"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Sayu Yamamoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["LISN, University Paris-Saclay,Gif-sur-Yvette,France","LISN, University Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LISN, University Paris-Saclay,Gif-sur-Yvette,France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565","https://openalex.org/I4210085861","https://openalex.org/I4387152856"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LISN, University Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I277688954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026515170","display_name":"Apolline Mellot","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7001-9749"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126360","display_name":"Centre Inria de Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/0315e5x55","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I4210126360"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128565","display_name":"CEA Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03n15ch10","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Apolline Mellot","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inria, CEA, University Paris-Saclay,Palaiseau,France","Inria, CEA, University Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inria, CEA, University Paris-Saclay,Palaiseau,France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126360","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inria, CEA, University Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126360","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013121738","display_name":"Sylvain Chevallier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3027-8241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I277688954","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjwb503","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I277688954"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085861","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Int\u00e9gration des Syst\u00e8mes et des Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/000dbcc61","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210085861","https://openalex.org/I4210117989"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128565","display_name":"CEA Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03n15ch10","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152856","display_name":"Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Sciences du Num\u00e9rique","ror":"https://ror.org/00rd81916","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4387152856"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sylvain Chevallier","raw_affiliation_strings":["LISN, University Paris-Saclay,Gif-sur-Yvette,France","LISN, University Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LISN, University Paris-Saclay,Gif-sur-Yvette,France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565","https://openalex.org/I4210085861","https://openalex.org/I4387152856"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LISN, University Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I277688954"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043350807","display_name":"Fabien Lotte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6888-9198"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1326498283","display_name":"Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies du num\u00e9rique","ror":"https://ror.org/02kvxyf05","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15057530","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/057qpr032","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15057530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131512","display_name":"Centre Inria de l'universit\u00e9 de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/03tjcj052","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I4210131512"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabien Lotte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inria center at the University of Bordeaux,Talence,France","Inria center at the University of Bordeaux, Talence, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inria center at the University of Bordeaux,Talence,France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131512","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I15057530"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inria center at the University of Bordeaux, Talence, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15057530"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3282,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55840157,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"960","last_page":"964"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.681342601776123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5753340721130371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/riemannian-geometry","display_name":"Riemannian geometry","score":0.5560452938079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5535637140274048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance-matrix","display_name":"Covariance matrix","score":0.5465667843818665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.5411348938941956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance","display_name":"Covariance","score":0.5307714343070984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49776533246040344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.4842078685760498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.46441763639450073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurophysiology","display_name":"Neurophysiology","score":0.46202167868614197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.40977150201797485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.34071865677833557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3239070177078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.20458778738975525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.15003514289855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.14080998301506042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.12448275089263916}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.681342601776123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5753340721130371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181104567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q761383","display_name":"Riemannian geometry","level":2,"score":0.5560452938079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5535637140274048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185142706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134404","display_name":"Covariance matrix","level":2,"score":0.5465667843818665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.5411348938941956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178650346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201984","display_name":"Covariance","level":2,"score":0.5307714343070984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49776533246040344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.4842078685760498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.46441763639450073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152478114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660910","display_name":"Neurophysiology","level":2,"score":0.46202167868614197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.40977150201797485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.34071865677833557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3239070177078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.20458778738975525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.15003514289855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.14080998301506042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12448275089263916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/eusipco58844.2023.10290043","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eusipco58844.2023.10290043","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 31st European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04131609v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04131609","pdf_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04131609/document","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://eusipco2023.org/","raw_type":"Conference papers"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04131609v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04131609","pdf_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04131609/document","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://eusipco2023.org/","raw_type":"Conference papers"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5242322233","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ANR-20-THIA-0013-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4381551078.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978389345","https://openalex.org/W1984864717","https://openalex.org/W2058807673","https://openalex.org/W2068820076","https://openalex.org/W2077548264","https://openalex.org/W2084680213","https://openalex.org/W2096159191","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2119963163","https://openalex.org/W2128495200","https://openalex.org/W2156499941","https://openalex.org/W2169918686","https://openalex.org/W2494133495","https://openalex.org/W2529404024","https://openalex.org/W2549437649","https://openalex.org/W2741282258","https://openalex.org/W2804221298","https://openalex.org/W2914237854","https://openalex.org/W2921286780","https://openalex.org/W2950851974","https://openalex.org/W3028502343","https://openalex.org/W3161599571","https://openalex.org/W4223973573","https://openalex.org/W4226139799","https://openalex.org/W4280529745","https://openalex.org/W4319970836","https://openalex.org/W4392532780","https://openalex.org/W6675354045","https://openalex.org/W6728187807","https://openalex.org/W6729929954","https://openalex.org/W6838545974","https://openalex.org/W6849489049"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3202969339","https://openalex.org/W4237513258","https://openalex.org/W2044053727","https://openalex.org/W1994410349","https://openalex.org/W3177028067","https://openalex.org/W1913385466","https://openalex.org/W2914170859","https://openalex.org/W2889342546","https://openalex.org/W4389116644","https://openalex.org/W2153315159"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"classification":[1,50,136,159],"of":[2,35,43,58,92,147,192],"cognitive":[3],"states":[4],"from":[5,138,161],"Electroencephalographic":[6],"(EEG)":[7],"signals":[8,42],"is":[9,54],"crucial":[10],"in":[11,28,70,103,122,157,166,175],"neuroscience":[12,56],"applications":[13],"such":[14,64],"as":[15,49,65],"Brain-Computer":[16],"Interfaces":[17],"(BCIs).":[18],"Classification":[19],"pipelines":[20],"based":[21,39],"on":[22,40],"Riemannian":[23,85,125,204],"geometry":[24],"are":[25,47,101,119],"often":[26],"state-of-the-art":[27],"the":[29,123,148,162,167,176,190],"BCI":[30,142],"field.":[31],"In":[32],"this":[33,71],"type":[34],"BCI,":[36],"covariance":[37,151,164],"matrices":[38,152],"EEG":[41,87,126,205],"independent":[44],"frequency":[45,62,99,201],"bands":[46,100,171,180,202],"used":[48],"features.":[51,127],"However,":[52],"there":[53],"significant":[55,155],"evidence":[57],"neural":[59],"interactions":[60,91,197],"across":[61],"bands,":[63],"cross-frequency":[66],"coupling":[67],"(CFC).":[68],"Therefore,":[69],"paper,":[72],"we":[73],"propose":[74],"novel":[75],"symmetric":[76],"positive":[77],"definite":[78],"(SPD)":[79],"matrix":[80,165],"representations":[81],"considering":[82,193],"CFC":[83,106,150],"for":[84,203],"geometry-based":[86],"classification.":[88,206],"The":[89],"spatial":[90],"phase":[93],"and":[94,97,169,174,178,199],"amplitude":[95],"within":[96,198],"between":[98,200],"described":[102],"three":[104,149],"different":[105],"SPD":[107],"matrices.":[108],"This":[109,187],"allows":[110],"us":[111],"to":[112],"include":[113],"additional":[114],"discriminative":[115],"neurophysiological":[116,196],"features":[117],"that":[118],"not":[120],"available":[121],"conventional":[124,163],"Our":[128,144],"method":[129],"was":[130],"evaluated":[131],"using":[132],"a":[133,139],"mental":[134],"workload":[135],"task":[137],"public":[140],"passive":[141],"dataset.":[143],"fused":[145],"model":[146],"showed":[153],"statistically":[154],"improvements":[156],"average":[158],"accuracies":[160],"theta":[168],"alpha":[170],"by":[172,181],"18.32%":[173],"beta":[177],"gamma":[179],"4.34%":[182],"with":[183],"smaller":[184],"standard":[185],"deviations.":[186],"result":[188],"confirmed":[189],"effectiveness":[191],"more":[194],"diverse":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-12T08:23:45.883708","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}