{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206635063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9616107","title":"A Co-Array Approach to Multi-Source 2D-DOA Estimation with Time-Multiplexed Array Elements","display_name":"A Co-Array Approach to Multi-Source 2D-DOA Estimation with Time-Multiplexed Array Elements","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206635063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9616107"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9616107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9616107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607854","display_name":"2021 29th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 29th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074220230","display_name":"Jannik Springer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166245","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics","ror":"https://ror.org/05nn0gw40","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jannik Springer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. Sensor Data and Information Fusion, Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics (FKIE), Wachtberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Sensor Data and Information Fusion, Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics (FKIE), Wachtberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026071567","display_name":"Clemens Allmann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166245","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics","ror":"https://ror.org/05nn0gw40","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clemens Allmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. Sensor Data and Information Fusion, Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics (FKIE), Wachtberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Sensor Data and Information Fusion, Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics (FKIE), Wachtberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045245496","display_name":"Marc Oispuu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166245","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics","ror":"https://ror.org/05nn0gw40","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marc Oispuu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. Sensor Data and Information Fusion, Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics (FKIE), Wachtberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Sensor Data and Information Fusion, Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics (FKIE), Wachtberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074220230"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3443,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58962264,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1895","last_page":"1899"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-array","display_name":"Sensor array","score":0.7005195617675781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circular-buffer","display_name":"Circular buffer","score":0.6864942312240601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6587567329406738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/array-processing","display_name":"Array processing","score":0.5825376510620117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.5750236511230469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.5437222719192505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5208364129066467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direction-of-arrival","display_name":"Direction of arrival","score":0.5139800906181335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplexing","display_name":"Multiplexing","score":0.5102424621582031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.443619966506958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-separation","display_name":"Source separation","score":0.4288889765739441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/array-gain","display_name":"Array gain","score":0.41842514276504517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.38898515701293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.3749721646308899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.1950480341911316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.19224196672439575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17304718494415283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1606713831424713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.13989895582199097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12787365913391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.08493417501449585}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66251956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451086","display_name":"Sensor array","level":2,"score":0.7005195617675781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85686653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1224994","display_name":"Circular buffer","level":2,"score":0.6864942312240601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6587567329406738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778545087","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4795883","display_name":"Array processing","level":4,"score":0.5825376510620117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.5750236511230469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.5437222719192505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5208364129066467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172051844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5280438","display_name":"Direction of arrival","level":3,"score":0.5139800906181335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19275194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q222903","display_name":"Multiplexing","level":2,"score":0.5102424621582031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.443619966506958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776864781","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52617913","display_name":"Source separation","level":2,"score":0.4288889765739441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136664719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4795880","display_name":"Array gain","level":4,"score":0.41842514276504517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.38898515701293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.3749721646308899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.1950480341911316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.19224196672439575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17304718494415283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1606713831424713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.13989895582199097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12787365913391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.08493417501449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9616107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9616107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607854","display_name":"2021 29th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 29th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/504787","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/504787","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1552354716","https://openalex.org/W1587572866","https://openalex.org/W1737654491","https://openalex.org/W1961114957","https://openalex.org/W1980397341","https://openalex.org/W1985041550","https://openalex.org/W2098174516","https://openalex.org/W2113638573","https://openalex.org/W2114079824","https://openalex.org/W2129013763","https://openalex.org/W2151422646","https://openalex.org/W2161666352","https://openalex.org/W2357400875","https://openalex.org/W2563671062","https://openalex.org/W2902438166"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2090967414","https://openalex.org/W4307114811","https://openalex.org/W256433769","https://openalex.org/W2393707441","https://openalex.org/W4286587386","https://openalex.org/W3183857160","https://openalex.org/W2048586959","https://openalex.org/W2059815969","https://openalex.org/W4206635063","https://openalex.org/W2349933779"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"addresses":[2],"the":[3,48,62,65,77,81,108,118,129,142,151,162],"problem":[4,133],"of":[5,39,67,80,102,120,134],"multi-source":[6],"direction":[7,101],"finding":[8],"with":[9,29],"a":[10,20,25,30,40,51],"system":[11,22],"that":[12,44,57],"employs":[13],"fewer":[14],"receivers":[15],"than":[16],"sensors.":[17],"We":[18],"propose":[19],"new":[21],"architecture,":[23],"specifying":[24],"time-multiplex":[26,130],"scheme":[27],"together":[28],"refined":[31],"array":[32,36,43,78,97],"geometry.":[33],"The":[34,90,114,132],"proposed":[35,152],"geometry":[37,119],"consists":[38],"centrosymmetric":[41],"prototype":[42,82],"is":[45,73,145,154],"connected":[46,60],"to":[47,61,75,95,128,141,161],"receiver":[49],"through":[50],"switch":[52,125],"and":[53,100,159],"multiple":[54],"reference":[55],"elements":[56],"are":[58,93],"directly":[59],"receiver.":[63],"Under":[64],"assumption":[66],"wide-sense":[68],"stationary":[69],"source":[70,138],"signals,":[71,139],"it":[72,86],"possible":[74],"reconstruct":[76],"signals":[79,92],"array,":[83],"as":[84,107],"if":[85],"was":[87],"sampled":[88],"simultaneously.":[89],"resulting":[91],"amenable":[94],"conventional":[96],"processing":[98,115],"techniques":[99],"arrival":[103],"(DOA)":[104],"estimators":[105],"such":[106],"MUltiple":[109],"SIgnal":[110],"Classification":[111],"(MUSIC)":[112],"method.":[113],"steps":[116],"exploit":[117],"co-arrays":[121],"constructed":[122],"at":[123],"each":[124],"position":[126],"relating":[127],"scheme.":[131],"fully":[135],"coherent":[136],"equivalent":[137],"inherent":[140],"co-array":[143],"approach,":[144],"mitigated":[146],"by":[147],"spatial":[148],"smoothing.":[149],"Finally,":[150],"technique":[153],"verified":[155],"using":[156],"numerical":[157],"experiments":[158],"compared":[160],"Cramer-Rao":[163],"lower":[164],"bound":[165],"(CRLB).":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-03T08:25:01.440150","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}