{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3182008555","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9616093","title":"Robust Reinforcement Learning-based Wald-type Detector for Massive MIMO Radar","display_name":"Robust Reinforcement Learning-based Wald-type Detector for Massive MIMO Radar","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3182008555","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9616093","mag":"3182008555"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9616093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9616093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607854","display_name":"2021 29th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 29th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063356537","display_name":"Aya Mostafa Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9698-9057"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I904495901","display_name":"Ruhr University Bochum","ror":"https://ror.org/04tsk2644","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aya Mostafa Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Digital Communication Systems, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany","RUB - Ruhr University Bochum = Ruhr-Universit\u00e4t Bochum (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Digital Communication Systems, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RUB - Ruhr University Bochum = Ruhr-Universit\u00e4t Bochum (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023036636","display_name":"Stefano Fortunati","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I277688954","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjwb503","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I277688954"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097418","display_name":"Laboratoire des signaux et syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/00skw9v43","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210097418","https://openalex.org/I4210107720"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107720","display_name":"CentraleSup\u00e9lec","ror":"https://ror.org/019tcpt25","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210107720"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58581550","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique des Sciences Avanc\u00e9es","ror":"https://ror.org/050r7zc91","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58581550"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Fortunati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CentraleSup\u00e9lec, Laboratoire des signaux et syst\u00e8mes & DR2I-IPSA, France","DRII - Direction de la Recherche et de l'Innovation de l'IPSA (7-9 rue Maurice Grandcoing 94200 Ivry-sur-Seine - France)","L2S - Laboratoire des signaux et syst\u00e8mes (Plateau de Moulon 3 rue Joliot Curie 91192 GIF SUR YVETTE CEDEX - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CentraleSup\u00e9lec, Laboratoire des signaux et syst\u00e8mes & DR2I-IPSA, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210107720"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DRII - Direction de la Recherche et de l'Innovation de l'IPSA (7-9 rue Maurice Grandcoing 94200 Ivry-sur-Seine - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58581550"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"L2S - Laboratoire des signaux et syst\u00e8mes (Plateau de Moulon 3 rue Joliot Curie 91192 GIF SUR YVETTE CEDEX - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097418"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034269994","display_name":"Aydin Sezgin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3511-2662"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I904495901","display_name":"Ruhr University Bochum","ror":"https://ror.org/04tsk2644","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aydin Sezgin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Digital Communication Systems, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany","RUB - Ruhr University Bochum = Ruhr-Universit\u00e4t Bochum (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Digital Communication Systems, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RUB - Ruhr University Bochum = Ruhr-Universit\u00e4t Bochum (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075507631","display_name":"Maria Greco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3804-2949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria S. Greco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Italy","UniPi - University of Pisa [Italy] = Universit\u00e0 di Pisa [Italia] = Universit\u00e9 de Pise [Italie] (Lungarno Pacinotti 43 \u2013 56126 Pisa \u2013 Italia - Italy)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UniPi - University of Pisa [Italy] = Universit\u00e0 di Pisa [Italia] = Universit\u00e9 de Pise [Italie] (Lungarno Pacinotti 43 \u2013 56126 Pisa \u2013 Italia - Italy)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014201482","display_name":"Fulvio Gini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5362-7320"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fulvio Gini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Italy","UniPi - University of Pisa [Italy] = Universit\u00e0 di Pisa [Italia] = Universit\u00e9 de Pise [Italie] (Lungarno Pacinotti 43 \u2013 56126 Pisa \u2013 Italia - Italy)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UniPi - University of Pisa [Italy] = Universit\u00e0 di Pisa [Italia] = Universit\u00e9 de Pise [Italie] (Lungarno Pacinotti 43 \u2013 56126 Pisa \u2013 Italia - Italy)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8322,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7400349,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"846","last_page":"850"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5766867995262146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.5271686911582947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5216677188873291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.511859118938446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5084599256515503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant-false-alarm-rate","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","score":0.4543532431125641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.4181733727455139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.37314921617507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.342690110206604}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5766867995262146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.5271686911582947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5216677188873291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.511859118938446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5084599256515503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77052588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644307","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","level":2,"score":0.4543532431125641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.4181733727455139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.37314921617507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.342690110206604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9616093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9616093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607854","display_name":"2021 29th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 29th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03226309v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03226309","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://eusipco2021.org/","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arpi.unipi.it:11568/1120503","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11568/1120503","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196265","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","host_organization_name":"University of Pisa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5027824404","display_name":"Modern Adaptive Radar: Great Advances in Robust and Inference Techniques and Application","funder_award_id":"ANR-17-ASTR-0015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7977653724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ANR-17-ASTR-0015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337436","funder_display_name":"Division of Grants and Agreements"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337436","display_name":"Division of Grants and Agreements","ror":"https://ror.org/014eweh95"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41554520","https://openalex.org/W240924935","https://openalex.org/W2004681226","https://openalex.org/W2018744547","https://openalex.org/W2037050360","https://openalex.org/W2052019609","https://openalex.org/W2109018101","https://openalex.org/W2759547991","https://openalex.org/W2999272775","https://openalex.org/W3013196492","https://openalex.org/W3100410537","https://openalex.org/W3133546437","https://openalex.org/W4211108110"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2388326001","https://openalex.org/W2115015615","https://openalex.org/W2351401443","https://openalex.org/W3011102797","https://openalex.org/W4320921117","https://openalex.org/W2431104759","https://openalex.org/W1649651896","https://openalex.org/W2116961228","https://openalex.org/W1952514008","https://openalex.org/W3173283069"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"two":[1],"basic":[2],"performance":[3,95],"indices":[4],"characterizing":[5],"the":[6,15,20,29,39,44,49,62,67,71,81,100,104],"multi-target":[7],"detection":[8,94],"task":[9],"in":[10,59],"a":[11,56,63,84],"radar":[12],"system":[13],"are":[14],"probability":[16,21],"of":[17,22,66,70,83,99],"false":[18,106],"alarm$(P_{FA})$and":[19],"detection$P_{D}$.":[23],"It":[24],"is":[25,36,73,111],"well-known":[26],"that,":[27],"when":[28],"disturbance":[30,72,101],"model":[31,69],"(i.e.,":[32],"clutter":[33],"and":[34],"noise)":[35],"perfectly":[37],"known,":[38],"Neyman-Pearson":[40],"(NP)":[41],"detector":[42,50],"provides":[43],"best":[45],"decision":[46],"strategy,":[47],"i.e.,":[48],"that":[51],"maximizes":[52],"the$P_{D}$,":[53],"while":[54,120],"keeping":[55],"constant$P_{FA}$.":[57],"However,":[58],"practical":[60],"scenarios,":[61],"priori":[64],"knowledge":[65,98],"statistical":[68],"rarely":[74],"available.":[75],"In":[76],"this":[77],"paper":[78],"we":[79],"investigate":[80],"robustness":[82],"reinforcement":[85],"learning":[86],"(RL)":[87],"based":[88],"Wald-type":[89],"test":[90],"to":[91],"guarantee":[92],"reliable":[93],"even":[96],"without":[97],"distribution.":[102],"Specifically,":[103],"constant":[105],"alarm":[107],"Rate":[108],"(CFAR)":[109],"property":[110],"obtained":[112],"by":[113,123],"applying":[114],"tools":[115],"from":[116],"misspecified":[117],"asymptotic":[118],"statistics,":[119],"the$P_{D}$is":[121],"maximized":[122],"exploiting":[124],"an":[125],"RL-based":[126],"scheme.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}