{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4205445595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9616054","title":"Deep Reinforcement Learning for Resource Allocation in Massive MIMO","display_name":"Deep Reinforcement Learning for Resource Allocation in Massive MIMO","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4205445595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9616054"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9616054","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9616054","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607854","display_name":"2021 29th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 29th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100745491","display_name":"Liang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2873-794X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147322","display_name":"Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nytyj38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210147322"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Liang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Shanghai, China","ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147322"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063874810","display_name":"Fanglei Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4302-2512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fanglei Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100399848","display_name":"Kai Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0517-2392"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101661884","display_name":"Ruiqing Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6435-6335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147322","display_name":"Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nytyj38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210147322"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruiqing Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Shanghai, China","ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147322"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100397725","display_name":"Yang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0608-9408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100384906","display_name":"Jun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0350-2570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100745491"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798","https://openalex.org/I4210147322","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3274,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96501883,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1611","last_page":"1615"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7933643460273743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.782700777053833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6596139669418335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.6157999634742737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.5232457518577576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5020520687103271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.4817483425140381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-user-mimo","display_name":"Multi-user MIMO","score":0.4609743654727936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.41473817825317383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.33782362937927246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3028433322906494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.27838054299354553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.21713706851005554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.20047113299369812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.17420494556427002}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7933643460273743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.782700777053833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6596139669418335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.6157999634742737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.5232457518577576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5020520687103271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.4817483425140381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91330434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q738298","display_name":"Multi-user MIMO","level":4,"score":0.4609743654727936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.41473817825317383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.33782362937927246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3028433322906494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.27838054299354553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.21713706851005554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.20047113299369812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.17420494556427002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9616054","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eusipco54536.2021.9616054","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607854","display_name":"2021 29th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 29th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41554520","https://openalex.org/W2083020163","https://openalex.org/W2119717200","https://openalex.org/W2147584524","https://openalex.org/W2156737235","https://openalex.org/W2329469429","https://openalex.org/W2800319120","https://openalex.org/W2887214500","https://openalex.org/W2951846985","https://openalex.org/W2952332632","https://openalex.org/W2968782695","https://openalex.org/W2978045476","https://openalex.org/W3034281970","https://openalex.org/W3092045342","https://openalex.org/W3170112077","https://openalex.org/W4295138992","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6683195989","https://openalex.org/W6725207838","https://openalex.org/W6730742100","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6748487558","https://openalex.org/W6754217797","https://openalex.org/W6758687306","https://openalex.org/W6774524600","https://openalex.org/W6783989700"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2545343974","https://openalex.org/W1500439066","https://openalex.org/W2542194775","https://openalex.org/W2182661536","https://openalex.org/W2955108753","https://openalex.org/W1987031311","https://openalex.org/W1969186191","https://openalex.org/W2112772594","https://openalex.org/W1480258634","https://openalex.org/W2558549271"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,49,67,70,75,90,111,116,131,140,161,172,188,191],"extensive":[2],"application":[3],"of":[4,35,58,69,77,163,171,190,193],"massive":[5,85,123],"multiple-input":[6],"multiple-output":[7],"(MIMO)":[8],"in":[9,84,122,134],"5G":[10,13],"and":[11,30,38,74,95,185,195],"beyond":[12],"(B5G)":[14],"networks,":[15],"multi-user":[16,119],"(MU)":[17],"MIMO":[18,86,124],"scheduling":[19,44,64,120],"faces":[20],"big":[21],"challenges":[22],"on":[23,62,154],"performance":[24,162],"enhancement":[25],"with":[26,175,187],"effective":[27,186],"interference":[28],"coordination":[29],"computational":[31,178],"complexity":[32],"reduction.":[33],"Plenty":[34],"deep":[36],"learning":[37,40],"reinforcement":[39],"for":[41,115],"wireless":[42],"resource":[43],"are":[45],"proposed":[46,136],"to":[47,109,147,169],"solve":[48],"above":[50,112],"issues":[51,114],"via":[52],"a":[53,103,148],"well":[54],"trained":[55],"network,":[56],"instead":[57],"executing":[59],"iteration":[60],"search":[61],"each":[63],"period.":[65],"However,":[66],"dimension":[68],"channel":[71],"state":[72],"information":[73],"size":[76],"user":[78,145,149],"combination":[79],"set":[80],"may":[81],"increase":[82,189],"exponentially":[83],"system,":[87],"which":[88,138],"makes":[89],"neural":[91],"network":[92,127,133],"over":[93],"complicated":[94,141],"causes":[96],"severe":[97],"convergent":[98],"issues.":[99],"In":[100],"this":[101],"paper,":[102],"novel":[104],"Actor-Critic":[105],"framework":[106],"is":[107,128,166,183],"developed":[108],"overcome":[110],"existing":[113],"single-cell":[117],"downlink":[118],"issue":[121,143,152],"system.":[125],"Pointer":[126],"investigated":[129],"as":[130],"policy":[132],"our":[135,164,181],"algorithm,":[137],"transfers":[139],"selection":[142,151],"among":[144],"combinations":[146],"sequential":[150],"based":[153],"conditional":[155],"probability.":[156],"Simulation":[157],"results":[158],"show":[159],"that":[160,170],"method":[165],"very":[167],"close":[168],"greedy":[173],"algorithm":[174],"much":[176],"less":[177],"complexity.":[179],"Moreover,":[180],"proposal":[182],"robust":[184],"number":[192],"antennas":[194],"users.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}