{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400946822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ecc64448.2024.10591013","title":"Time-Optimal Real-Time Energy Management Strategies for Hybrid Battery Packs in Electric Racing Cars","display_name":"Time-Optimal Real-Time Energy Management Strategies for Hybrid Battery Packs in Electric Racing Cars","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400946822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ecc64448.2024.10591013"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/ecc64448.2024.10591013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ecc64448.2024.10591013","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 European Control Conference (ECC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078859895","display_name":"Stefano Radrizzani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2114-4420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Radrizzani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano,Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria,Milan,Italy,20133"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano,Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria,Milan,Italy,20133","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075306569","display_name":"Giorgio Riva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4599-8196"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giorgio Riva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano,Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria,Milan,Italy,20133"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano,Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria,Milan,Italy,20133","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048724009","display_name":"Giulio Panzani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8342-536X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giulio Panzani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano,Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria,Milan,Italy,20133"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano,Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria,Milan,Italy,20133","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066842848","display_name":"Matteo Corno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2644-7487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matteo Corno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano,Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria,Milan,Italy,20133"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano,Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria,Milan,Italy,20133","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047303451","display_name":"Sergio M. Savaresi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5829-2323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergio M. Savaresi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano,Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria,Milan,Italy,20133"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano,Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria,Milan,Italy,20133","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5781,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80423103,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1863","last_page":"1868"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14156","display_name":"Engineering Applied Research","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.6936028599739075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.6357704997062683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management","display_name":"Energy management","score":0.6337742209434509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery-electric-vehicle","display_name":"Battery electric vehicle","score":0.4916251301765442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-cars","display_name":"Electric cars","score":0.48924875259399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44982829689979553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.38648438453674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.33255594968795776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.12627574801445007}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.6936028599739075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.6357704997062683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.6337742209434509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110069716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076882","display_name":"Battery electric vehicle","level":4,"score":0.4916251301765442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987494969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193692","display_name":"Electric cars","level":2,"score":0.48924875259399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44982829689979553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.38648438453674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.33255594968795776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.12627574801445007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/ecc64448.2024.10591013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ecc64448.2024.10591013","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 European Control Conference (ECC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/1287436","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11311/1287436","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058461808","https://openalex.org/W2118412444","https://openalex.org/W2142967261","https://openalex.org/W2161747488","https://openalex.org/W2330761921","https://openalex.org/W2476621593","https://openalex.org/W2593097710","https://openalex.org/W2791947967","https://openalex.org/W2842089854","https://openalex.org/W2900517504","https://openalex.org/W2945432729","https://openalex.org/W3101008270","https://openalex.org/W3214504040","https://openalex.org/W4285127898","https://openalex.org/W4292026007","https://openalex.org/W4313160133","https://openalex.org/W4319996294"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4323784842","https://openalex.org/W4308091343","https://openalex.org/W4384076735","https://openalex.org/W2354768891","https://openalex.org/W4229332389","https://openalex.org/W1510108650","https://openalex.org/W2803726882","https://openalex.org/W2322968447","https://openalex.org/W4211082914","https://openalex.org/W2356819012"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"increasing":[1],"interest":[2],"in":[3,31,95,134,151],"hybridization":[4],"and":[5,40,112],"electrification":[6],"of":[7,15,38,131,143,165,173],"racing":[8,97],"cars":[9],"is":[10,66],"pushing":[11],"towards":[12],"the":[13,35,46,71,75,84,96,105,120,129,136,140,152,155,162,171,184,188,191],"design":[14],"dedicated":[16,178],"energy":[17],"storage":[18],"systems.":[19],"Among":[20],"them,":[21],"Hybrid":[22],"Battery":[23],"Packs":[24],"(HBPs)":[25],"represent":[26],"an":[27],"interesting":[28],"solution,":[29,138],"especially":[30],"racing,":[32],"due":[33],"to":[34,44,68,119,160],"joint":[36],"presence":[37],"high-power":[39],"high-energy":[41],"requirements,":[42],"needed":[43],"guarantee":[45],"desired":[47],"race":[48,121,156],"mileage":[49],"while":[50,73],"maximizing":[51],"performance.":[52,166],"To":[53],"realize":[54],"a":[55,57,100,113,177],"HBP,":[56],"real-time":[58,149],"control":[59,85],"law,":[60],"named":[61],"Energy":[62],"Management":[63],"Strategy":[64,110],"(EMS),":[65],"pivotal":[67],"properly":[69],"split":[70,194],"power":[72,124,193],"satisfying":[74],"driver's":[76],"request.":[77],"In":[78],"this":[79],"paper,":[80],"we":[81,168],"investigate":[82],"whether":[83],"laws":[86],"that":[87],"emerged":[88],"for":[89],"traditional":[90],"vehicles":[91],"can":[92,182],"be":[93],"employed":[94],"scenario.":[98],"Considering":[99],"Formula":[101],"E":[102],"case":[103],"study,":[104],"well-known":[106],"Equivalent":[107],"Consumption":[108],"Minimization":[109],"(ECMS)":[111],"classical":[114],"filter-based":[115],"approach":[116],"are":[117,158],"compared":[118],"time-optimal":[122,153],"implicit":[123,137],"distribution.":[125],"Analyses":[126],"firstly":[127],"evaluate":[128,161],"capability":[130],"each":[132,148,174],"EMS":[133,150,175],"matching":[135],"showing":[139],"superior":[141],"performance":[142],"ECMS.":[144],"Then,":[145],"explicitly":[146],"including":[147],"problem,":[154],"times":[157],"re-optimized":[159],"actual":[163],"loss":[164],"Finally,":[167],"highlight":[169],"how":[170],"combination":[172],"with":[176],"battery":[179],"sizing":[180],"strategy":[181],"influence":[183],"overall":[185],"performance,":[186],"closing":[187],"gap":[189],"among":[190],"different":[192],"solutions.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}