{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385452011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ecc57647.2023.10178183","title":"Industrial Control Systems attack detection by hybrid digital twin","display_name":"Industrial Control Systems attack detection by hybrid digital twin","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385452011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ecc57647.2023.10178183"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/ecc57647.2023.10178183","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ecc57647.2023.10178183","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 European Control Conference (ECC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11380/1304448","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033256294","display_name":"Jacopo Pisani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119003972","display_name":"Roma Tre University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf0dg29","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jacopo Pisani","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Roma Tre,Department of Civil, Computer Science, and Aeronautical Technologies Engineering,Rome,Italy,00146"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Roma Tre,Department of Civil, Computer Science, and Aeronautical Technologies Engineering,Rome,Italy,00146","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001463495","display_name":"Graziana Cavone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7102-4542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119003972","display_name":"Roma Tre University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf0dg29","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Graziana Cavone","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Roma Tre,Department of Civil, Computer Science, and Aeronautical Technologies Engineering,Rome,Italy,00146"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Roma Tre,Department of Civil, Computer Science, and Aeronautical Technologies Engineering,Rome,Italy,00146","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022872455","display_name":"L. Giarr\u00e9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2304-4394"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","display_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","ror":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Giarr\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Modena and Reggio Emilia,Engineering Department “Enzo Ferrari”,Modena,MO,Italy,41125"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia,Engineering Department “Enzo Ferrari”,Modena,MO,Italy,41125","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077006626","display_name":"Federica Pascucci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8226-0716"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119003972","display_name":"Roma Tre University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf0dg29","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Federica Pascucci","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Roma Tre,Department of Civil, Computer Science, and Aeronautical Technologies Engineering,Rome,Italy,00146"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Roma Tre,Department of Civil, Computer Science, and Aeronautical Technologies Engineering,Rome,Italy,00146","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033256294"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.748,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70908315,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12495","display_name":"Electrostatic Discharge in Electronics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7431636452674866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-control-system","display_name":"Industrial control system","score":0.6247924566268921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.6100737452507019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.5701161026954651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5678743720054626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5082132816314697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5001757144927979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.45100489258766174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automaton","display_name":"Automaton","score":0.43130603432655334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confidentiality","display_name":"Confidentiality","score":0.4184764325618744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator","display_name":"Actuator","score":0.4121379852294922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3677012324333191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.3417622745037079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11717766523361206}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7431636452674866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40071531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2513962","display_name":"Industrial control system","level":3,"score":0.6247924566268921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.6100737452507019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.5701161026954651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5678743720054626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5082132816314697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5001757144927979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.45100489258766174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112505250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787116","display_name":"Automaton","level":2,"score":0.43130603432655334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71745522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2476929","display_name":"Confidentiality","level":2,"score":0.4184764325618744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.4121379852294922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3677012324333191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.3417622745037079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11717766523361206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/ecc57647.2023.10178183","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ecc57647.2023.10178183","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 European Control Conference (ECC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unimore.it:11380/1304448","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11380/1304448","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400718","display_name":"IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","host_organization_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma3.it:11590/448268","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11590/448268","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196120","display_name":"Iris (Roma Tre University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I119003972","host_organization_name":"Roma Tre University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unimore.it:11380/1304448","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11380/1304448","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400718","display_name":"IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","host_organization_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4000000059604645}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972523481","https://openalex.org/W2147340401","https://openalex.org/W2421199393","https://openalex.org/W2484577372","https://openalex.org/W2604247107","https://openalex.org/W2745246440","https://openalex.org/W2765683033","https://openalex.org/W2884878049","https://openalex.org/W2942659957","https://openalex.org/W2979579614","https://openalex.org/W4206805025","https://openalex.org/W6803782233"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3183948672","https://openalex.org/W3173606202","https://openalex.org/W2948807893","https://openalex.org/W2778153218","https://openalex.org/W1531601525","https://openalex.org/W3147872107","https://openalex.org/W2289521417","https://openalex.org/W2237732271","https://openalex.org/W1980323860","https://openalex.org/W3123953333"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"massive":[1],"digital":[2,145],"transformation":[3],"of":[4,22,57,64,111,157,168],"industrial":[5,24,52],"control":[6],"systems,":[7,25],"based":[8],"on":[9,118],"tight":[10],"integration":[11],"between":[12],"information":[13,70],"and":[14,34,48,102,134,147],"telecommunication":[15],"technologies,":[16],"has":[17],"enlarged":[18],"the":[19,23,28,32,51,62,65,69,88,100,103,112,124,132,135,144,155,160],"attack":[20],"surfaces":[21],"thus":[26],"increasing":[27],"need":[29],"to":[30,44,60,75,93,105,140,159],"protect":[31],"operational":[33],"production":[35],"processes.":[36],"Information":[37],"Technology":[38],"tools":[39],"are":[40,171],"currently":[41],"not":[42],"able":[43],"guarantee":[45],"confidentiality,":[46],"integrity,":[47],"availability":[49],"in":[50,85,115,127,143,149],"domain,":[53],"therefore":[54],"it":[55],"is":[56,92],"paramount":[58],"importance":[59],"understand":[61],"interaction":[63],"physical":[66],"components":[67],"with":[68],"networks.":[71],"This":[72,153],"paper":[73],"aims":[74],"provide":[76],"a":[77,95,119,138,150,177],"novel":[78,90],"Intrusion":[79],"Detection":[80],"System":[81],"for":[82,98],"identifying":[83],"cyber-attacks":[84],"cyber-physical":[86],"systems:":[87],"key":[89],"idea":[91],"consider":[94,131],"virtual":[96,120],"model":[97,121],"both":[99],"plant":[101,133],"controller":[104,136],"detect":[106],"attacks.":[107],"In":[108],"fact,":[109],"most":[110],"approaches":[113],"presented":[114],"literature":[116],"rely":[117],"representing":[122],"only":[123],"plant,":[125],"while":[126],"this":[128,169],"contribution":[129],"we":[130],"as":[137],"system":[139],"be":[141,165],"replicated":[142],"twin":[146],"resulting":[148],"hybrid":[151],"automata.":[152],"allows":[154],"detection":[156],"attacks":[158],"actuators,":[161],"that":[162],"otherwise":[163],"cannot":[164],"revealed.":[166],"Advantages":[167],"approach":[170],"demonstrated":[172],"by":[173],"exploiting":[174],"data":[175],"from":[176],"water":[178],"distribution":[179],"system.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2023-08-02T00:00:00"}