{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7163552010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date69613.2026.11539379","title":"X-Sim: An Accurate and Scalable Simulator for Memristive Computing-in-Memory Accelerators","display_name":"X-Sim: An Accurate and Scalable Simulator for Memristive Computing-in-Memory Accelerators","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7163552010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date69613.2026.11539379"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/date69613.2026.11539379","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date69613.2026.11539379","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 Design, Automation &amp;amp; Test in Europe Conference (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079308946","display_name":"Konstantinos Stavrakakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6355-8690"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konstantinos Stavrakakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology,Computer Engineering Lab,Delft,The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology,Computer Engineering Lab,Delft,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137813456","display_name":"Bas Smeele","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bas Smeele","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology,Computer Engineering Lab,Delft,The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology,Computer Engineering Lab,Delft,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120235905","display_name":"Emmanouil Arapidis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emmanouil Arapidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology,Computer Engineering Lab,Delft,The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology,Computer Engineering Lab,Delft,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073330106","display_name":"Theofilos Spyrou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4694-458X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Theofilos Spyrou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology,Computer Engineering Lab,Delft,The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology,Computer Engineering Lab,Delft,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137853479","display_name":"Anteneh Gebregiorgis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anteneh Gebregiorgis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology,Computer Engineering Lab,Delft,The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology,Computer Engineering Lab,Delft,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036463224","display_name":"Stephan Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3521-2612"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephan Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology,Computer Engineering Lab,Delft,The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology,Computer Engineering Lab,Delft,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136115021","display_name":"Georgi Gaydadjiev","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgi Gaydadjiev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology,Computer Engineering Lab,Delft,The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology,Computer Engineering Lab,Delft,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137861244","display_name":"Said Hamdioui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Said Hamdioui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology,Computer Engineering Lab,Delft,The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology,Computer Engineering Lab,Delft,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9758999943733215,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9758999943733215,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.009499999694526196,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5048999786376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.31459999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.2563999891281128}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6093000173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5048999786376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3917999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.31459999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3028999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.29260000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.26249998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.25999999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.2563999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2524999976158142}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/date69613.2026.11539379","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date69613.2026.11539379","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 Design, Automation &amp;amp; Test in Europe Conference (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1578783943","https://openalex.org/W1999085092","https://openalex.org/W2150313118","https://openalex.org/W2329040051","https://openalex.org/W2331437931","https://openalex.org/W2604319603","https://openalex.org/W2736591611","https://openalex.org/W2782046614","https://openalex.org/W2805362231","https://openalex.org/W2923010225","https://openalex.org/W3012045830","https://openalex.org/W3013080934","https://openalex.org/W3017900531","https://openalex.org/W3033519076","https://openalex.org/W3082899001","https://openalex.org/W3093747632","https://openalex.org/W3210512841","https://openalex.org/W4224319233","https://openalex.org/W4292121737","https://openalex.org/W4292169167","https://openalex.org/W4292731346","https://openalex.org/W4312906586","https://openalex.org/W4386293192","https://openalex.org/W4389082012","https://openalex.org/W4392367648","https://openalex.org/W4410698181","https://openalex.org/W4411724856"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Computing-in-Memory":[0],"(CIM)":[1],"architectures":[2],"using":[3,70],"memristive":[4],"crossbar":[5,52],"arrays":[6],"enable":[7],"energy-efficient":[8],"AI":[9],"acceleration.":[10],"Analog":[11],"non-idealities,":[12],"such":[13],"as":[14,117],"IR":[15],"drop":[16],"and":[17,27,100],"nonlinearity,":[18],"impose":[19],"design":[20,42,102],"constraints":[21],"that":[22,54],"existing":[23],"simulators":[24],"cannot":[25],"capture":[26],"thus":[28],"explore":[29],"effectively.":[30],"Current":[31],"approaches":[32],"sacrifice":[33],"either":[34],"modeling":[35],"accuracy":[36,85],"or":[37],"simulation":[38],"speed,":[39],"preventing":[40],"systematic":[41,101],"space":[43,103],"exploration.":[44],"In":[45],"this":[46,56],"paper":[47],"we":[48],"propose":[49],"X-Sim,":[50],"a":[51,59,71],"simulator":[53],"resolves":[55],"trade-off":[57],"through":[58],"modular":[60],"architecture.":[61],"Our":[62],"approach":[63],"decouples":[64],"device":[65,80],"physics":[66],"from":[67],"circuit":[68],"analysis":[69],"fixed-point":[72],"scheme,":[73],"avoiding":[74],"expensive":[75],"Jacobian":[76],"computations":[77],"while":[78],"preserving":[79],"fidelity.":[81],"X-Sim":[82,113],"delivers":[83],"SPICE-level":[84],"(<":[86],"1%":[87],"error)":[88],"with":[89],"up":[90],"to":[91],"200\u00d7":[92],"speedup":[93],"over":[94],"physics-based":[95],"simulators.":[96],"This":[97],"enables":[98],"quick":[99],"exploration":[104],"across":[105],"thousands":[106],"of":[107],"configurations,":[108],"guiding":[109],"reliable":[110],"system":[111],"design.":[112],"will":[114],"be":[115],"released":[116],"open":[118],"source.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2026-06-05T00:00:00"}