{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401568819","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date58400.2024.10546626","title":"DropHD: Technology/Algorithm Co-Design for Reliable Energy-Efficient NVM-Based Hyper-Dimensional Computing Under Voltage Scaling","display_name":"DropHD: Technology/Algorithm Co-Design for Reliable Energy-Efficient NVM-Based Hyper-Dimensional Computing Under Voltage Scaling","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401568819","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date58400.2024.10546626"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/date58400.2024.10546626","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/date58400.2024.10546626","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 Design, Automation &amp;amp; Test in Europe Conference &amp;amp; Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064095385","display_name":"Paul R. Gen\u00dfler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7175-7284"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100066346","display_name":"University of Stuttgart","ror":"https://ror.org/04vnq7t77","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul R. Genssler","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Stuttgart,Semiconductor Test and Reliability,Stuttgart,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Stuttgart,Semiconductor Test and Reliability,Stuttgart,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045634195","display_name":"Mahta Mayahinia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6084-9810"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahta Mayahinia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology,Department of Computer Science and Informatics,Karlsruhe,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology,Department of Computer Science and Informatics,Karlsruhe,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054764590","display_name":"Simon Thomann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7902-9353"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon Thomann","raw_affiliation_strings":["TUM School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University of Munich; Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence,Chair of AI Processor Design,Munich,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TUM School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University of Munich; Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence,Chair of AI Processor Design,Munich,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064445713","display_name":"Mehdi B. Tahoori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8829-5610"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehdi B. Tahoori","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology,Department of Computer Science and Informatics,Karlsruhe,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology,Department of Computer Science and Informatics,Karlsruhe,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hussam Amrouch","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100066346","display_name":"University of Stuttgart","ror":"https://ror.org/04vnq7t77","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hussam Amrouch","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Stuttgart,Semiconductor Test and Reliability,Stuttgart,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Stuttgart,Semiconductor Test and Reliability,Stuttgart,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8542,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82702816,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9851999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9851999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.9380999803543091,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9370999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.7848436832427979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6849079132080078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-volatile-memory","display_name":"Non-volatile memory","score":0.6048927307128906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5532974004745483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-voltage-scaling","display_name":"Dynamic voltage scaling","score":0.5134640336036682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.48562589287757874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.47155165672302246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-scaling","display_name":"Frequency scaling","score":0.44884854555130005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4270557761192322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm-design","display_name":"Algorithm design","score":0.4245249927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.35959339141845703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-science","display_name":"Computational science","score":0.32174569368362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.25806736946105957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2233264446258545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12827283143997192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08347141742706299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07725310325622559}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.7848436832427979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6849079132080078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177950962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10997658","display_name":"Non-volatile memory","level":2,"score":0.6048927307128906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5532974004745483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776047111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q632037","display_name":"Dynamic voltage scaling","level":3,"score":0.5134640336036682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.48562589287757874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.47155165672302246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157742956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3237776","display_name":"Frequency scaling","level":3,"score":0.44884854555130005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4270557761192322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.4245249927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.35959339141845703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.32174569368362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.25806736946105957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2233264446258545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12827283143997192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08347141742706299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07725310325622559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/date58400.2024.10546626","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/date58400.2024.10546626","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 Design, Automation &amp;amp; Test in Europe Conference &amp;amp; Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2476008461","https://openalex.org/W2771100829","https://openalex.org/W2950268605","https://openalex.org/W3032819016","https://openalex.org/W3082899001","https://openalex.org/W3084023049","https://openalex.org/W3214202924","https://openalex.org/W3216271746","https://openalex.org/W4280554264","https://openalex.org/W4281260224","https://openalex.org/W4282976225","https://openalex.org/W4312121127","https://openalex.org/W4312451397","https://openalex.org/W4318685748","https://openalex.org/W4366723313","https://openalex.org/W6804155940","https://openalex.org/W6839143363"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2443567922","https://openalex.org/W1976634368","https://openalex.org/W782195220","https://openalex.org/W2141691012","https://openalex.org/W2587244181","https://openalex.org/W2158554422","https://openalex.org/W2070191702","https://openalex.org/W2078224011","https://openalex.org/W1991794334","https://openalex.org/W2405415613"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Brain-inspired":[0],"hyperdimensional":[1],"computing":[2,8],"(HDC)":[3],"offers":[4],"much":[5],"more":[6],"efficient":[7],"compared":[9],"to":[10,35,94,131,134,154,180,182],"other":[11],"classical":[12,21],"deep":[13],"learning":[14,18],"and":[15,106],"related":[16],"machine":[17],"algorithms.":[19],"Unlike":[20],"CMOS,":[22],"emerging":[23,114],"non-volatile":[24],"memories":[25],"(NVMs)":[26],"used":[27],"in":[28,70,113],"the":[29,78,101,124,128,132,136,145,188],"realization":[30],"of":[31,147,166],"HDC":[32,47,138],"are":[33,66],"susceptible":[34],"failures":[36],"under":[37,89],"voltage":[38,90,168],"scaling,":[39],"which":[40],"is":[41,48,54,104],"essential":[42],"for":[43,77],"energy":[44,72,171],"saving.":[45],"Although":[46],"inherently":[49],"robust":[50],"against":[51],"errors,":[52],"this":[53],"only":[55],"possible":[56],"when":[57],"hypervectors":[58,148],"with":[59],"a":[60,160,194],"large":[61],"dimension":[62],"(e.g.,":[63,149],"10,000":[64,151],"bits)":[65],"being":[67],"used,":[68],"resulting":[69],"significant":[71],"consumption.":[73],"This":[74],"work":[75],"demonstrates,":[76],"first":[79],"time,":[80],"that":[81,100,121],"different":[82,86],"NVM":[83],"technologies":[84],"exhibit":[85],"error":[87,102],"characteristics":[88],"scaling.":[91],"In":[92],"contrast":[93],"conventional":[95],"CMOS-based":[96],"SRAM,":[97],"we":[98],"demonstrate":[99],"behavior":[103],"data-dependent":[105],"not":[107],"captured":[108],"by":[109,173],"simple":[110],"bit":[111],"flips":[112],"NVMs.":[115],"We":[116],"employ":[117],"our":[118],"cross-layer":[119],"framework":[120],"starts":[122],"from":[123,150],"underlying":[125],"technology":[126],"all":[127],"way":[129],"up":[130,181],"algorithm":[133],"develop":[135],"novel":[137],"training":[139],"approach":[140],"DropHD.":[141],"DropHD":[142,176],"considerably":[143],"shrinks":[144],"size":[146],"bits":[152],"down":[153],"merely":[155],"3000":[156],"bits),":[157],"while":[158,185],"maintaining":[159],"high":[161],"inference":[162],"accuracy.":[163],"The":[164],"use":[165],"aggressive":[167],"scaling":[169],"reduces":[170,178],"consumption":[172],"1.6":[174],"x.":[175],"further":[177],"it":[179],"9.5":[183],"\u00d7":[184],"fully":[186],"recovering":[187],"induced":[189],"accuracy":[190],"drop,":[191],"i.e.":[192],"without":[193],"tradeoff.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
