{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4379115913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date56975.2023.10136974","title":"Routability Prediction using Deep Hierarchical Classification and Regression","display_name":"Routability Prediction using Deep Hierarchical Classification and Regression","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4379115913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date56975.2023.10136974"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/date56975.2023.10136974","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date56975.2023.10136974","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 Design, Automation &amp; Test in Europe Conference &amp; Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100644921","display_name":"Daeyeon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5879-8313"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daeyeon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["POSTECH,EE Department,Pohang,South Korea","EE Department, POSTECH, Pohang, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"POSTECH,EE Department,Pohang,South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"EE Department, POSTECH, Pohang, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016696630","display_name":"Jakang Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jakang Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["POSTECH,EE Department,Pohang,South Korea","EE Department, POSTECH, Pohang, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"POSTECH,EE Department,Pohang,South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"EE Department, POSTECH, Pohang, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044543389","display_name":"Seokhyeong Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3015-1806"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seokhyeong Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["POSTECH,EE Department,Pohang,South Korea","EE Department, POSTECH, Pohang, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"POSTECH,EE Department,Pohang,South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"EE Department, POSTECH, Pohang, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9728999733924866,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9595999717712402,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overfitting","display_name":"Overfitting","score":0.8162991404533386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.659885823726654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6316388845443726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regression","display_name":"Regression","score":0.5648208260536194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.49706295132637024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.49374255537986755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.43034419417381287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.4220937490463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.41557779908180237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.2296133041381836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1605173647403717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13636231422424316}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22019652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331309","display_name":"Overfitting","level":3,"score":0.8162991404533386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.659885823726654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6316388845443726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83546350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139051","display_name":"Regression","level":2,"score":0.5648208260536194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.49706295132637024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.49374255537986755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.43034419417381287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.4220937490463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.41557779908180237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.2296133041381836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1605173647403717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13636231422424316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/date56975.2023.10136974","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date56975.2023.10136974","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 Design, Automation &amp; Test in Europe Conference &amp; Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5400000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2131241448","https://openalex.org/W2794271438","https://openalex.org/W2887280559","https://openalex.org/W2899885603","https://openalex.org/W2945381924","https://openalex.org/W2945582997","https://openalex.org/W3035724871","https://openalex.org/W3110869743","https://openalex.org/W3185136323","https://openalex.org/W6678911119","https://openalex.org/W6762097343","https://openalex.org/W6762551481"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4362597605","https://openalex.org/W1574414179","https://openalex.org/W4297676672","https://openalex.org/W3009056573","https://openalex.org/W2922073769","https://openalex.org/W4281702477","https://openalex.org/W2490526372","https://openalex.org/W4376166922","https://openalex.org/W4378510483","https://openalex.org/W4221142204"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Routability":[0],"prediction":[1,46],"can":[2,15,63,75],"forecast":[3],"the":[4,18,23,34,45,49,67,77,82,96,106,116,127,131,135],"locations":[5],"where":[6],"design":[7,19],"rule":[8],"violations":[9],"occur":[10],"without":[11],"routing":[12,25],"and":[13,40,58,111,129],"thus":[14],"speed":[16],"up":[17],"iterations":[20],"by":[21,138],"skipping":[22],"time-consuming":[24],"tasks.":[26],"This":[27],"paper":[28],"investigated":[29],"(i)":[30],"how":[31,42],"to":[32,43,81,104,141],"predict":[33],"routability":[35],"on":[36],"a":[37,54,92],"continuous":[38],"value":[39],"(ii)":[41],"improve":[44],"accuracy":[47],"for":[48,95,115,126],"minority":[50],"samples.":[51],"We":[52,119],"propose":[53],"deep":[55],"hierarchical":[56,72],"classification":[57,137],"regression":[59,117,128],"(HCR)":[60],"model":[61,78,99],"that":[62,100],"detect":[64],"hotspots":[65],"with":[66],"number":[68],"of":[69,124],"violations.":[70],"The":[71],"inference":[73],"flow":[74],"prevent":[76],"from":[79],"overfitting":[80],"majority":[83],"samples":[84],"in":[85,134],"imbalanced":[86],"data.":[87],"In":[88],"addition,":[89],"we":[90],"introduce":[91],"training":[93],"method":[94],"proposed":[97],"HCR":[98],"uses":[101],"Bayesian":[102],"optimization":[103],"find":[105],"ideal":[107],"modeling":[108],"parameters":[109],"quickly":[110],"incorporates":[112],"transfer":[113],"learning":[114],"model.":[118],"achieved":[120],"an":[121],"R2":[122],"score":[123,133],"0.71":[125],"increased":[130],"Fl":[132],"binary":[136],"94%":[139],"compared":[140],"previous":[142],"work":[143],"[6].":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
