{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4280640895","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date54114.2022.9774660","title":"XST: A Crossbar Column-wise Sparse Training for Efficient Continual Learning","display_name":"XST: A Crossbar Column-wise Sparse Training for Efficient Continual Learning","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4280640895","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date54114.2022.9774660"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/date54114.2022.9774660","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date54114.2022.9774660","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074715434","display_name":"Fan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6823-2700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University,Tempe,Arizona,85281"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University,Tempe,Arizona,85281","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100421849","display_name":"Yang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4018-5582"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University,Tempe,Arizona,85281"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University,Tempe,Arizona,85281","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063343008","display_name":"Jian Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7703-5020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University,Tempe,Arizona,85281"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University,Tempe,Arizona,85281","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007690955","display_name":"Jae-sun Seo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4551-7789"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jae-Sun Seo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University,Tempe,Arizona,85281"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University,Tempe,Arizona,85281","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100740019","display_name":"Yu Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6968-1180"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University,Tempe,Arizona,85281"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University,Tempe,Arizona,85281","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047916979","display_name":"Deliang Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7989-6297"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deliang Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University,Tempe,Arizona,85281"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University,Tempe,Arizona,85281","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"48","last_page":"51"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crossbar-switch","display_name":"Crossbar switch","score":0.8802454471588135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7514387369155884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speedup","display_name":"Speedup","score":0.7418398857116699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.7302972078323364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.567527711391449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.48377177119255066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistive-random-access-memory","display_name":"Resistive random-access memory","score":0.47090840339660645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.44608089327812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.4275967478752136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.40460532903671265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14478665590286255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.09799090027809143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.08985668420791626}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29984679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1929149","display_name":"Crossbar switch","level":2,"score":0.8802454471588135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7514387369155884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68339613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549489","display_name":"Speedup","level":2,"score":0.7418398857116699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.7302972078323364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.567527711391449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.48377177119255066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182019814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143830","display_name":"Resistive random-access memory","level":3,"score":0.47090840339660645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44608089327812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.4275967478752136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.40460532903671265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14478665590286255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.09799090027809143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.08985668420791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/date54114.2022.9774660","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date54114.2022.9774660","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G459196582","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2003749,1931871,2144751","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2399958287","https://openalex.org/W2518281301","https://openalex.org/W2547875792","https://openalex.org/W2613989746","https://openalex.org/W2782046614","https://openalex.org/W2791091755","https://openalex.org/W2899224990","https://openalex.org/W2963540014","https://openalex.org/W2980994576","https://openalex.org/W2990844796","https://openalex.org/W3003175769","https://openalex.org/W3005619596","https://openalex.org/W4213122893","https://openalex.org/W4254672563","https://openalex.org/W6742852309","https://openalex.org/W6756624111","https://openalex.org/W6770699648","https://openalex.org/W6773270737","https://openalex.org/W6773332131"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3005999147","https://openalex.org/W1569655464","https://openalex.org/W3176428941","https://openalex.org/W3089883684","https://openalex.org/W2030843684","https://openalex.org/W4232634182","https://openalex.org/W2115150433","https://openalex.org/W4301187613","https://openalex.org/W2923038022","https://openalex.org/W3008646524"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Leveraging":[0],"the":[1,18,48,72,76],"ReRAM":[2,19],"crossbar-based":[3,62],"In-Memory-Computing":[4],"(IMC)":[5],"to":[6,60],"accelerate":[7],"single":[8],"task":[9],"DNN":[10],"inference":[11,53,97],"has":[12,24],"been":[13,26],"widely":[14],"studied.":[15],"However,":[16],"using":[17],"crossbar":[20,37],"for":[21,42],"continual":[22,43],"learning":[23],"not":[25],"explored":[27],"yet.":[28],"In":[29],"this":[30],"work,":[31],"we":[32],"propose":[33],"XST,":[34],"a":[35],"novel":[36],"column-wise":[38],"sparse":[39],"training":[40,49,92],"framework":[41],"learning.":[44],"XST":[45,88],"significantly":[46],"reduces":[47],"cost":[50],"and":[51,94],"saves":[52],"energy.":[54],"More":[55],"importantly,":[56],"it":[57],"is":[58],"friendly":[59],"existing":[61],"convolution":[63],"engine":[64],"with":[65,71],"almost":[66],"no":[67],"hardware":[68],"overhead.":[69],"Compared":[70],"state-of-the-art":[73],"CPG":[74],"method,":[75],"experiments":[77],"show":[78],"that":[79],"XST's":[80],"accuracy":[81],"achieves":[82],"4.95":[83],"%":[84],"higher":[85],"accuracy.":[86],"Furthermore,":[87],"demonstrates":[89],"~5.59":[90],"\u00d7":[91,96],"speedup":[93],"1.5":[95],"energy-saving.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-27T06:00:05.401030","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}