{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4280529264","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date54114.2022.9774565","title":"Robust Binary Neural Network against Noisy Analog Computation","display_name":"Robust Binary Neural Network against Noisy Analog Computation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4280529264","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date54114.2022.9774565"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/date54114.2022.9774565","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date54114.2022.9774565","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607924","display_name":"2022 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023258758","display_name":"Zong-Han Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zong-Han Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing-Hua University,Department of Computer Science,Hsinchu,Taiwan","Department of Computer Science, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing-Hua University,Department of Computer Science,Hsinchu,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045246422","display_name":"Fu-Cheng Tsai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148468","display_name":"Industrial Technology Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05szzwt63","country_code":"TW","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148468"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fu-Cheng Tsai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial Technology Research Institute,Electronic and Optoelectronic System Research Laboratories,Hsinchu,Taiwan","Electronic and Optoelectronic System Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial Technology Research Institute,Electronic and Optoelectronic System Research Laboratories,Hsinchu,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic and Optoelectronic System Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148468"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102148020","display_name":"Shih-Chieh Chang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shih-Chieh Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing-Hua University,Department of Computer Science,Hsinchu,Taiwan","Department of Computer Science, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing-Hua University,Department of Computer Science,Hsinchu,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023258758"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03372309,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"484","last_page":"489"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.7590864300727844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7347009778022766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.6526215672492981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5216308236122131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.48991459608078003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.47650423645973206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.43332844972610474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.41296103596687317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3896835446357727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.36373165249824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.12818214297294617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11631181836128235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.7590864300727844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7347009778022766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.6526215672492981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5216308236122131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.48991459608078003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.47650423645973206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.43332844972610474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.41296103596687317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3896835446357727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36373165249824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.12818214297294617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11631181836128235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/date54114.2022.9774565","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date54114.2022.9774565","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607924","display_name":"2022 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1995562189","https://openalex.org/W2139427956","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2242818861","https://openalex.org/W2300242332","https://openalex.org/W2319920447","https://openalex.org/W2524428287","https://openalex.org/W2591601611","https://openalex.org/W2604652676","https://openalex.org/W2769912137","https://openalex.org/W2797583228","https://openalex.org/W2884001105","https://openalex.org/W2946585648","https://openalex.org/W2948661249","https://openalex.org/W2964052309","https://openalex.org/W2964141415","https://openalex.org/W2964187693","https://openalex.org/W2968984153","https://openalex.org/W2977767665","https://openalex.org/W2996765603","https://openalex.org/W3008515144","https://openalex.org/W3015287265","https://openalex.org/W3043783230","https://openalex.org/W3048030262","https://openalex.org/W3089324491","https://openalex.org/W3101272433","https://openalex.org/W3132672614","https://openalex.org/W3176211720","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6690026940","https://openalex.org/W6698200048","https://openalex.org/W6700264148","https://openalex.org/W6727208969","https://openalex.org/W6736514301","https://openalex.org/W6746451879","https://openalex.org/W6750665317","https://openalex.org/W6772009205","https://openalex.org/W6781575362","https://openalex.org/W6783236513","https://openalex.org/W6788627230"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2591697403","https://openalex.org/W2944728705","https://openalex.org/W2904022177","https://openalex.org/W2359348847","https://openalex.org/W3011538607","https://openalex.org/W4294432981","https://openalex.org/W4321441197","https://openalex.org/W2953716828","https://openalex.org/W2351938575","https://openalex.org/W2388359778"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Computing":[0],"in":[1,9,109,138,148],"memory":[2],"(CIM)":[3],"technology":[4],"has":[5],"shown":[6],"promising":[7],"results":[8,154],"reducing":[10],"the":[11,19,31,49,78,101,106,121,134,149],"energy":[12],"consumption":[13],"of":[14,136],"a":[15,37,43,84,96,139],"battery-powered":[16],"device.":[17],"On":[18],"other":[20],"hand,":[21],"to":[22,33,48,70,87,90,99,132],"reduce":[23],"MAC":[24],"operations,":[25],"Binary":[26],"neural":[27],"networks":[28],"(BNN)":[29],"show":[30],"potential":[32],"catch":[34],"up":[35],"with":[36],"full-precision":[38],"model.":[39],"This":[40],"paper":[41],"proposes":[42],"robust":[44],"BNN":[45,85,146],"model":[46,86,147],"applied":[47],"CIM":[50],"framework,":[51],"which":[52],"can":[53,68,82,113],"tolerate":[54],"analog":[55,58,91],"noises.":[56],"These":[57],"noises":[59,112],"caused":[60],"by":[61],"various":[62],"variations,":[63],"such":[64],"as":[65],"process":[66],"variation,":[67],"lead":[69],"low":[71],"inference":[72],"accuracy.":[73],"We":[74,93,142],"first":[75],"observe":[76],"that":[77],"traditional":[79],"batch":[80,102],"normalization":[81,103],"cause":[83],"be":[88,114],"susceptible":[89],"noise.":[92],"then":[94],"propose":[95,129],"new":[97,145],"approach":[98],"replace":[100],"while":[104],"maintaining":[105],"advantages.":[107],"Secondly,":[108],"BNN,":[110],"since":[111],"removed":[115],"when":[116],"inputs":[117],"are":[118,155],"zeros":[119,137],"during":[120],"multiplication":[122],"and":[123],"accumulation":[124],"(MAC)":[125],"operation,":[126],"we":[127],"also":[128],"novel":[130],"methods":[131],"increase":[133],"number":[135],"convolution":[140],"output.":[141],"apply":[143],"our":[144],"keyword":[150],"spotting":[151],"application.":[152],"Our":[153],"very":[156],"exciting.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}