{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4280551927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date54114.2022.9774537","title":"Exploiting Parallelism with Vertex-Clustering in Processing-In-Memory-based GCN Accelerators","display_name":"Exploiting Parallelism with Vertex-Clustering in Processing-In-Memory-based GCN Accelerators","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4280551927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date54114.2022.9774537"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/date54114.2022.9774537","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date54114.2022.9774537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607924","display_name":"2022 Design, Automation &amp; Test in Europe Conference &amp; Exhibition (DATE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 Design, Automation &amp; Test in Europe Conference &amp; Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101566638","display_name":"Yu Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6073-4707"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yu Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,BNRist,Department of Electronic Engineering,Beijing,China","Department of Electronic Engineering, BNRist, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,BNRist,Department of Electronic Engineering,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, BNRist, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103138440","display_name":"Zhenhua Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9259-7180"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenhua Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,BNRist,Department of Electronic Engineering,Beijing,China","Department of Electronic Engineering, BNRist, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,BNRist,Department of Electronic Engineering,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, BNRist, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015946486","display_name":"Guohao Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0849-3252"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guohao Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,BNRist,Department of Electronic Engineering,Beijing,China","Department of Electronic Engineering, BNRist, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,BNRist,Department of Electronic Engineering,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, BNRist, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101518558","display_name":"Kai Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8448-9530"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,BNRist,Department of Electronic Engineering,Beijing,China","Department of Electronic Engineering, BNRist, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,BNRist,Department of Electronic Engineering,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, BNRist, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023755254","display_name":"Huazhong Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2421-353X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huazhong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,BNRist,Department of Electronic Engineering,Beijing,China","Department of Electronic Engineering, BNRist, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,BNRist,Department of Electronic Engineering,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, BNRist, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100445079","display_name":"Yu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6908-508X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,BNRist,Department of Electronic Engineering,Beijing,China","Department of Electronic Engineering, BNRist, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,BNRist,Department of Electronic Engineering,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, BNRist, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101566638"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9334,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85429835,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"652","last_page":"657"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8580962419509888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.6419733762741089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.49443554878234863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.43090516328811646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4048413038253784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.36082327365875244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.19383016228675842}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8580962419509888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.6419733762741089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.49443554878234863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.43090516328811646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4048413038253784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.36082327365875244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.19383016228675842}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/date54114.2022.9774537","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date54114.2022.9774537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607924","display_name":"2022 Design, Automation &amp; Test in Europe Conference &amp; Exhibition (DATE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 Design, Automation &amp; Test in Europe Conference &amp; Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2719237352","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61832007,U19B2019,62104128","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6230812807","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019M660641","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2004823737","https://openalex.org/W2008857988","https://openalex.org/W2105102111","https://openalex.org/W2135957668","https://openalex.org/W2153959628","https://openalex.org/W2168190036","https://openalex.org/W2801373858","https://openalex.org/W2807021761","https://openalex.org/W2810838165","https://openalex.org/W2910318317","https://openalex.org/W2962711740","https://openalex.org/W2964015378","https://openalex.org/W2996268457","https://openalex.org/W3017228913","https://openalex.org/W3080555959","https://openalex.org/W3090369187","https://openalex.org/W3100078588","https://openalex.org/W3100848837","https://openalex.org/W3105753905","https://openalex.org/W3132695675","https://openalex.org/W4240163901","https://openalex.org/W4254672563","https://openalex.org/W4294558607","https://openalex.org/W6652940909","https://openalex.org/W6726873649","https://openalex.org/W6738964360","https://openalex.org/W6752830591","https://openalex.org/W6754929296","https://openalex.org/W6771932116","https://openalex.org/W6776488958","https://openalex.org/W6781932242","https://openalex.org/W6784001198","https://openalex.org/W6836480157"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1657880117","https://openalex.org/W2595172197","https://openalex.org/W2127970246","https://openalex.org/W2084856301","https://openalex.org/W1001352512","https://openalex.org/W4382618745","https://openalex.org/W2885125400","https://openalex.org/W1989889224","https://openalex.org/W2748922771","https://openalex.org/W1987128138"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"Graph":[1],"Convolutional":[2,46],"Networks":[3,48],"(GCNs)":[4],"have":[5],"shown":[6],"powerful":[7],"learning":[8],"capabilities":[9],"in":[10,45],"graph":[11],"processing":[12],"tasks.":[13],"Computing":[14],"GCNs":[15,71],"with":[16,114,216,227,250,263],"conventional":[17],"von":[18],"Neumann":[19],"architectures":[20,39,66],"usually":[21],"suffers":[22],"from":[23],"limited":[24],"memory":[25,31],"bandwidth":[26,43],"due":[27],"to":[28,40,125,170,194,211],"the":[29,42,56,74,97,110,121,126,129,141,160,172,178,183,196,213,236],"irregular":[30],"access.":[32],"Recent":[33],"work":[34],"has":[35],"proposed":[36,237],"Processing-In-Memory":[37],"(PIM)":[38],"overcome":[41],"bottleneck":[44],"Neural":[47],"(CNNs)":[49],"by":[50],"performing":[51,70],"in-situ":[52],"matrix-vector":[53],"multiplication.":[54],"However,":[55],"performance":[57],"improvement":[58],"and":[59,77,132,176,202,245,255,266],"computation":[60,112,180,203],"parallelism":[61,89],"of":[62,73,79],"existing":[63],"CNN-oriented":[64],"PIM":[65,111,154],"is":[67],"hindered":[68],"when":[69],"because":[72],"large":[75],"scale":[76],"sparsity":[78],"graphs.":[80],"To":[81],"tackle":[82],"these":[83],"problems,":[84],"this":[85],"paper":[86],"presents":[87],"a":[88,102,146,166,189],"enhancement":[90,261],"framework":[91,223,238],"for":[92,106,156],"PIM-based":[93],"GCN":[94,179,191,230],"architectures.":[95],"At":[96,140,182],"software":[98],"level,":[99,143,186],"we":[100,144,164,187],"propose":[101,165,188,207],"fixed-point":[103],"quantization":[104],"method":[105],"GCNs,":[107],"which":[108,158],"reduces":[109],"overhead":[113],"little":[115,217],"accuracy":[116,218],"loss.":[117,219],"We":[118,205,220],"also":[119,206],"introduce":[120],"vertex":[122],"clustering":[123],"algorithm":[124],"graph,":[127],"minimizing":[128],"inter-cluster":[130],"links":[131],"realizing":[133],"cluster-level":[134,161],"parallel":[135],"computing":[136],"on":[137,224],"multi-core":[138,153],"systems.":[139],"hardware":[142],"design":[145],"Resistive":[147],"Random":[148],"Access":[149],"Memory":[150],"(RRAM)":[151],"based":[152],"architecture":[155],"GCN,":[157],"supports":[159],"parallelism.":[162],"Besides,":[163],"coarse-grained":[167],"pipeline":[168],"dataflow":[169],"cover":[171],"RRAM":[173],"write":[174],"costs":[175],"improve":[177],"throughput.":[181],"software/hardware":[184],"interface":[185],"PIM-aware":[190],"mapping":[192],"strategy":[193],"achieve":[195],"optimal":[197],"tradeoff":[198],"between":[199],"resource":[200],"utilization":[201],"performance.":[204],"edge":[208],"dropping":[209],"methods":[210],"reduce":[212],"inter-core":[214],"communications":[215],"evaluate":[221],"our":[222],"typical":[225],"datasets":[226],"multiple":[228],"widely-used":[229],"models.":[231],"Experimental":[232],"results":[233],"show":[234],"that":[235],"achieves":[239],"<tex":[240,246,251,256],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[241,247,252,257],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$698\\times,":[242],"89\\times$</tex>":[243],",":[244,254],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$41\\times$</tex>":[248],"speedup":[249],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$7108\\times,255\\times$</tex>":[253],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$31\\times$</tex>":[258],"energy":[259],"efficiency":[260],"compared":[262],"CPUs,":[264],"GPUs,":[265],"ASICs,":[267],"respectively.":[268]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}