{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2995846869","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116447","title":"Compressing Subject-specific Brain-Computer Interface Models into One Model by Superposition in Hyperdimensional Space","display_name":"Compressing Subject-specific Brain-Computer Interface Models into One Model by Superposition in Hyperdimensional Space","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2995846869","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116447","mag":"2995846869"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/date48585.2020.9116447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116447","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/495869","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068274229","display_name":"Michael Hersche","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3065-7639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael Hersche","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrated Systems Laboratory, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrated Systems Laboratory, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044415397","display_name":"Philipp Rupp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4637-4169"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philipp Rupp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrated Systems Laboratory, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrated Systems Laboratory, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043408422","display_name":"Luca Benini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8068-3806"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Benini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrated Systems Laboratory, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrated Systems Laboratory, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050167359","display_name":"Abbas Rahimi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3141-4970"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abbas Rahimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrated Systems Laboratory, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrated Systems Laboratory, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068274229"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2471,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77259793,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"246","last_page":"251"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7905031442642212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.6960815787315369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6075610518455505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.4924233853816986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.48970654606819153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.48607519268989563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoencoder","display_name":"Autoencoder","score":0.41857296228408813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superposition-principle","display_name":"Superposition principle","score":0.41189703345298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4116094410419464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4107131361961365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4005478620529175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10111403465270996}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7905031442642212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.6960815787315369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6075610518455505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.4924233853816986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.48970654606819153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.48607519268989563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.41857296228408813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27753989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284885","display_name":"Superposition principle","level":2,"score":0.41189703345298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4116094410419464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4107131361961365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4005478620529175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10111403465270996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/date48585.2020.9116447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116447","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/495869","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/495869","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/495869","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402302","display_name":"Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","host_organization_name":"ETH Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2020 Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/795281","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11585/795281","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/387117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/387117","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402302","display_name":"Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","host_organization_name":"ETH Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/430198","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/430198","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402302","display_name":"Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","host_organization_name":"ETH Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2020 Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000387117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000387117","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051236","display_name":"ETH Z\u00fcrich Research Collection","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/495869","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/495869","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/495869","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402302","display_name":"Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","host_organization_name":"ETH Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2020 Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5654965961","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"18082","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321942","funder_display_name":"Hasler Stiftung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8746949323","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"780215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321942","display_name":"Hasler Stiftung","ror":"https://ror.org/04m3t9183"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2995846869.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2995846869.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2010359042","https://openalex.org/W2035715639","https://openalex.org/W2070862086","https://openalex.org/W2103014813","https://openalex.org/W2119163516","https://openalex.org/W2132360759","https://openalex.org/W2157306293","https://openalex.org/W2181785117","https://openalex.org/W2411311483","https://openalex.org/W2557301950","https://openalex.org/W2559463885","https://openalex.org/W2617825408","https://openalex.org/W2741907166","https://openalex.org/W2794345050","https://openalex.org/W2807772136","https://openalex.org/W2891318761","https://openalex.org/W2895910969","https://openalex.org/W2906439603","https://openalex.org/W2912497767","https://openalex.org/W2949159496","https://openalex.org/W2951648764","https://openalex.org/W2954607156","https://openalex.org/W2971246930","https://openalex.org/W3102455230","https://openalex.org/W6679555981","https://openalex.org/W6738145326","https://openalex.org/W6759001543","https://openalex.org/W6765264953","https://openalex.org/W6963588625"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2669956259","https://openalex.org/W4287995534","https://openalex.org/W2998168123","https://openalex.org/W2939353110","https://openalex.org/W2897995864","https://openalex.org/W2952116256","https://openalex.org/W4380075502","https://openalex.org/W4327774331","https://openalex.org/W2292254049","https://openalex.org/W4287178339"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"multiclass":[1],"classification":[2],"of":[3,15,41,123,126,152,178],"electroencephalography":[4],"(EEG)":[5],"signals":[6],"is":[7],"still":[8],"a":[9,34,68,111,133,203],"challenging":[10],"task":[11],"towards":[12],"the":[13,73,83,121,159,176,185],"development":[14],"reliable":[16],"motor":[17],"imagery":[18],"brain-computer":[19],"interfaces":[20],"(MI-BCIs).":[21],"Deep":[22],"learning":[23],"algorithms":[24],"have":[25],"been":[26],"recently":[27],"used":[28],"in":[29,132],"this":[30,64],"area":[31],"to":[32,44,105,140,149],"deliver":[33],"compact":[35,56],"and":[36,116,174,192],"accurate":[37],"model.":[38],"Reaching":[39],"high-level":[40],"accuracy":[42,177,195,220],"requires":[43],"store":[45],"subjects-specific":[46],"trained":[47,58,127],"models":[48,91,108,128],"that":[49,71,97,166],"cannot":[50],"be":[51,100,147],"achieved":[52],"with":[53],"an":[54],"otherwise":[55],"model":[57,95],"globally":[59],"across":[60],"all":[61],"subjects.":[62],"In":[63],"paper,":[65],"we":[66,81],"propose":[67],"new":[69],"methodology":[70],"closes":[72],"gap":[74],"between":[75,113],"these":[76],"two":[77,179],"extreme":[78],"modeling":[79],"approaches:":[80],"reduce":[82],"overall":[84],"storage":[85],"requirements":[86],"by":[87,129,137,190,196],"superimposing":[88],"many":[89],"subject-specific":[90],"into":[92],"one":[93],"single":[94],"such":[96],"it":[98,183],"can":[99,146],"reliably":[101],"decomposed,":[102],"after":[103],"retraining,":[104],"its":[106,194],"constituent":[107],"while":[109],"providing":[110],"trade-off":[112],"compression":[114,173,214],"ratio":[115],"accuracy.":[117],"Our":[118],"method":[119,145,168,210],"makes":[120],"use":[122],"unexploited":[124],"capacity":[125,171],"orthogonalizing":[130],"parameters":[131],"hyperdimensional":[134],"space,":[135],"followed":[136],"iterative":[138],"retraining":[139],"compensate":[141],"noisy":[142],"decomposition.":[143],"This":[144],"applied":[148],"various":[150],"layers":[151],"deep":[153],"inference":[154],"models.":[155],"Experimental":[156],"results":[157],"on":[158],"4-class":[160],"BCI":[161],"competition":[162],"IV-2a":[163],"dataset":[164],"show":[165],"our":[167,209],"exploits":[169],"unutilized":[170],"for":[172],"surpasses":[175],"state-of-the-art":[180],"networks:":[181],"(1)":[182],"compresses":[184],"smallest":[186],"network,":[187],"EEGNet":[188],"[1],":[189],"1.9\u00d7,":[191],"increases":[193],"2.41%":[197],"(74.73%":[198],"vs.":[199,222],"72.32%);":[200],"(2)":[201],"using":[202],"relatively":[204],"larger":[205],"Shallow":[206],"ConvNet":[207],"[2],":[208],"achieves":[211],"2.95":[212],"x":[213],"as":[215,217],"well":[216],"1.4%":[218],"higher":[219],"(75.05%":[221],"73.59%).":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-18T14:38:29.013473","created_date":"2019-12-26T00:00:00"}