{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3036744612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116355","title":"rACE: Reverse-Order Processor Reliability Analysis","display_name":"rACE: Reverse-Order Processor Reliability Analysis","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3036744612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116355","mag":"3036744612"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/date48585.2020.9116355","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116355","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 Design, Automation &amp; Test in Europe Conference &amp; Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072708525","display_name":"Athanasios Chatzidimitriou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8161-7165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200777214","display_name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Athanasios Chatzidimitriou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Infromatics and Telecommunications, University of Athens, Athens, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Infromatics and Telecommunications, University of Athens, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007119083","display_name":"Dimitris Gizopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1613-9061"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200777214","display_name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitris Gizopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Infromatics and Telecommunications, University of Athens, Athens, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Infromatics and Telecommunications, University of Athens, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072708525"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1027,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.41211061,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1115","last_page":"1120"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7388787269592285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/register-file","display_name":"Register file","score":0.699073314666748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microprocessor","display_name":"Microprocessor","score":0.6351978778839111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microarchitecture","display_name":"Microarchitecture","score":0.5892088413238525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5658158659934998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.46409907937049866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-flow","display_name":"Design flow","score":0.4461369812488556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.4234151840209961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.40892893075942993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.29947561025619507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.2480347454547882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instruction-set","display_name":"Instruction set","score":0.23751047253608704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1417616605758667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7388787269592285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117280010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180944","display_name":"Register file","level":3,"score":0.699073314666748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780728072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5297","display_name":"Microprocessor","level":2,"score":0.6351978778839111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107598950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q259864","display_name":"Microarchitecture","level":2,"score":0.5892088413238525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5658158659934998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.46409907937049866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37135326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931942","display_name":"Design flow","level":2,"score":0.4461369812488556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4234151840209961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.40892893075942993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.29947561025619507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2480347454547882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202491316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272683","display_name":"Instruction set","level":2,"score":0.23751047253608704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1417616605758667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/date48585.2020.9116355","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116355","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 Design, Automation &amp; Test in Europe Conference &amp; Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.8299999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1619770058","https://openalex.org/W1686420892","https://openalex.org/W1935809293","https://openalex.org/W1965936844","https://openalex.org/W1972649107","https://openalex.org/W2004969722","https://openalex.org/W2027476456","https://openalex.org/W2031411490","https://openalex.org/W2031846229","https://openalex.org/W2052887509","https://openalex.org/W2053608561","https://openalex.org/W2078635214","https://openalex.org/W2096865422","https://openalex.org/W2100597484","https://openalex.org/W2115194678","https://openalex.org/W2123379964","https://openalex.org/W2123907700","https://openalex.org/W2127079764","https://openalex.org/W2134309495","https://openalex.org/W2144512449","https://openalex.org/W2147343854","https://openalex.org/W2147657366","https://openalex.org/W2148644350","https://openalex.org/W2148844272","https://openalex.org/W2152652532","https://openalex.org/W2163015996","https://openalex.org/W2413549506","https://openalex.org/W2569987653","https://openalex.org/W2626574314","https://openalex.org/W2752470767","https://openalex.org/W2969553121","https://openalex.org/W3141208217","https://openalex.org/W3149134903","https://openalex.org/W4232751114","https://openalex.org/W4232837724","https://openalex.org/W4244652158","https://openalex.org/W4249144718","https://openalex.org/W6682264823"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2102384429","https://openalex.org/W4253895162","https://openalex.org/W4251089459","https://openalex.org/W2090169195","https://openalex.org/W2111412181","https://openalex.org/W2101536355","https://openalex.org/W4250432526","https://openalex.org/W2518933685","https://openalex.org/W2025509072","https://openalex.org/W3139751470"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"microprocessors":[1],"suffer":[2],"from":[3],"increased":[4],"error":[5,39,186],"rates":[6],"that":[7,23,174,222],"come":[8],"along":[9],"with":[10,205],"fabrication":[11],"technology":[12],"scaling.":[13],"Processor":[14],"designs":[15],"continuously":[16],"become":[17],"more":[18],"prone":[19],"to":[20,25,43,69,118,230],"hardware":[21,74,158],"faults":[22,159],"lead":[24],"execution":[26,201],"errors":[27],"and":[28,53,57,76,108,110,150,182,209,216,249,260],"system":[29],"failures,":[30],"which":[31],"raise":[32],"the":[33,71,77,84,120,126,133,154,177,199,206,210,238],"requirement":[34],"of":[35,61,83,125,135,138,157,179,198,202,237,241,264,270],"protection":[36,80],"mechanisms.":[37],"However,":[38,129],"mitigation":[40],"strategies":[41],"have":[42],"be":[44,100],"applied":[45,101],"diligently,":[46],"as":[47],"they":[48],"impose":[49],"significant":[50],"power,":[51],"area,":[52],"performance":[54],"overheads.":[55],"Early":[56],"accurate":[58],"reliability":[59,90],"estimation":[60,91],"a":[62,113,172,190,203,253],"microprocessor":[63],"design":[64],"is":[65,92],"essential":[66],"in":[67],"order":[68],"determine":[70],"most":[72,78,85],"vulnerable":[73],"structures":[75,136],"efficient":[79],"schemes.":[81],"One":[82],"commonly":[86],"used":[87],"techniques":[88],"for":[89,234],"Architecturally":[93],"Correct":[94],"Execution":[95],"(ACE)":[96],"analysis.ACE":[97],"analysis":[98,131,181,195,256,266],"can":[99],"at":[102],"different":[103,235],"abstraction":[104],"models,":[105],"including":[106],"microarchitecture":[107],"RTL":[109],"often":[111],"requires":[112],"single":[114],"or":[115],"few":[116],"simulations":[117],"report":[119,267],"Architectural":[121],"Vulnerability":[122],"Factor":[123],"(AVF)":[124],"processor":[127],"structures.":[128],"ACE":[130,170,180,255,265],"overestimates":[132],"vulnerability":[134,148],"because":[137],"its":[139],"pessimistic,":[140],"worst-case":[141],"nature.":[142],"Moreover,":[143],"it":[144],"only":[145],"delivers":[146,184],"coarse-grain":[147],"reports":[149,224,257],"no":[151],"details":[152],"about":[153],"expected":[155],"result":[156],"(silent":[160],"data":[161],"corruptions,":[162],"crashes).":[163],"In":[164],"this":[165],"paper,":[166],"we":[167],"present":[168],"reverse":[169],"(rACE),":[171],"methodology":[173],"(a)":[175],"improves":[176],"accuracy":[178,215],"(b)":[183],"fine-grain":[185],"outcome":[187],"reports.":[188],"Using":[189],"reverse-order":[191],"tracing":[192],"flow,":[193,212],"rACE":[194,223],"associates":[196],"portions":[197],"simulated":[200],"program":[204],"actual":[207],"output":[208],"control":[211],"delivering":[213],"finer":[214],"results":[217],"classification.":[218],"Our":[219],"findings":[220],"show":[221],"an":[225,242,268],"average":[226,269],"1.45X":[227],"overestimation,":[228],"compared":[229],"Statistical":[231],"Fault":[232],"Injection,":[233],"sizes":[236],"register":[239],"file":[240],"out-of-order":[243],"CPU":[244],"core":[245],"(executing":[246],"both":[247],"ARM":[248],"x86":[250],"binaries),":[251],"when":[252],"baseline":[254],"2.3X":[258],"overestimation":[259],"even":[261],"refined":[262],"versions":[263],"1.8X":[271],"overestimation.":[272]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
