{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3036593079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116312","title":"AstroByte: Multi-FPGA Architecture for Accelerated Simulations of Spiking Astrocyte Neural Networks","display_name":"AstroByte: Multi-FPGA Architecture for Accelerated Simulations of Spiking Astrocyte Neural Networks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3036593079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116312","mag":"3036593079"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/date48585.2020.9116312","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116312","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pure.ulster.ac.uk/en/publications/0e11e6ab-8c5f-4ae6-a2ad-ea2d668178fe","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039683485","display_name":"Shvan Karim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shvan Karim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ulster University, Magee Campus,School of Computing, Engineering and Intelligent Systems,Derry,Northern Ireland,UK,BT48 7JL"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ulster University, Magee Campus,School of Computing, Engineering and Intelligent Systems,Derry,Northern Ireland,UK,BT48 7JL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059141312","display_name":"Jim Harkin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7484-8205"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jim Harkin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ulster University, Magee Campus,School of Computing, Engineering and Intelligent Systems,Derry,Northern Ireland,UK,BT48 7JL"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ulster University, Magee Campus,School of Computing, Engineering and Intelligent Systems,Derry,Northern Ireland,UK,BT48 7JL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035500696","display_name":"Liam McDaid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1197-4375"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liam McDaid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ulster University, Magee Campus,School of Computing, Engineering and Intelligent Systems,Derry,Northern Ireland,UK,BT48 7JL"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ulster University, Magee Campus,School of Computing, Engineering and Intelligent Systems,Derry,Northern Ireland,UK,BT48 7JL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037400839","display_name":"Bryan Gardiner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5642-6850"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bryan Gardiner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ulster University, Magee Campus,School of Computing, Engineering and Intelligent Systems,Derry,Northern Ireland,UK,BT48 7JL"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ulster University, Magee Campus,School of Computing, Engineering and Intelligent Systems,Derry,Northern Ireland,UK,BT48 7JL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044091027","display_name":"Junxiu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9790-1571"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junxiu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ulster University, Magee Campus,School of Computing, Engineering and Intelligent Systems,Derry,Northern Ireland,UK,BT48 7JL"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ulster University, Magee Campus,School of Computing, Engineering and Intelligent Systems,Derry,Northern Ireland,UK,BT48 7JL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039683485"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.411,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60607575,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1568","last_page":"1573"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7538992166519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrocyte","display_name":"Astrocyte","score":0.6963581442832947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.6556519269943237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speedup","display_name":"Speedup","score":0.6112668514251709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interconnection","display_name":"Interconnection","score":0.5920330882072449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5339153409004211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matlab","display_name":"MATLAB","score":0.5144293904304504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acceleration","display_name":"Acceleration","score":0.5010020732879639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-acceleration","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","score":0.4895652234554291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.4350406527519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.4320414066314697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4272751212120056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiking-neural-network","display_name":"Spiking neural network","score":0.4201485514640808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.4178480803966522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3668506443500519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.16900771856307983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13638988137245178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.10401859879493713}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7538992166519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777542381","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502961","display_name":"Astrocyte","level":3,"score":0.6963581442832947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.6556519269943237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68339613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549489","display_name":"Speedup","level":2,"score":0.6112668514251709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123745756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665949","display_name":"Interconnection","level":2,"score":0.5920330882072449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5339153409004211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780365114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169478","display_name":"MATLAB","level":2,"score":0.5144293904304504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.5010020732879639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13164978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q600158","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","level":3,"score":0.4895652234554291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.4350406527519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.4320414066314697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4272751212120056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11731999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9067355","display_name":"Spiking neural network","level":3,"score":0.4201485514640808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.4178480803966522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3668506443500519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.16900771856307983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13638988137245178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.10401859879493713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/date48585.2020.9116312","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116312","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/0e11e6ab-8c5f-4ae6-a2ad-ea2d668178fe","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.ulster.ac.uk/en/publications/0e11e6ab-8c5f-4ae6-a2ad-ea2d668178fe","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402454","display_name":"Ulster University Research Portal (Ulster University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","host_organization_name":"University of Ulster","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Haji Karim, S, Harkin, J, McDaid, L, Gardiner, B & Liu, J 2020, AstroByte: A multi-FPGA Architecture for Accelerated Simulations of Fault-tolerant Spiking Astrocyte-Neuron Networks. in G Di Natale, C Bolchini & E-I Vatajelu (eds), Proceedings of the 2020 Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition, DATE 2020., 9116312, Proceedings of the 2020 Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition, DATE 2020, IEEE, pp. 1568-1573. https://doi.org/10.23919/DATE48585.2020.9116312","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/0e11e6ab-8c5f-4ae6-a2ad-ea2d668178fe","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.ulster.ac.uk/en/publications/0e11e6ab-8c5f-4ae6-a2ad-ea2d668178fe","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402454","display_name":"Ulster University Research Portal (Ulster University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","host_organization_name":"University of Ulster","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Haji Karim, S, Harkin, J, McDaid, L, Gardiner, B & Liu, J 2020, AstroByte: A multi-FPGA Architecture for Accelerated Simulations of Fault-tolerant Spiking Astrocyte-Neuron Networks. in G Di Natale, C Bolchini & E-I Vatajelu (eds), Proceedings of the 2020 Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition, DATE 2020., 9116312, Proceedings of the 2020 Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition, DATE 2020, IEEE, pp. 1568-1573. https://doi.org/10.23919/DATE48585.2020.9116312","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W94119432","https://openalex.org/W112928906","https://openalex.org/W2019583921","https://openalex.org/W2056021806","https://openalex.org/W2071036343","https://openalex.org/W2110137080","https://openalex.org/W2114691690","https://openalex.org/W2140886546","https://openalex.org/W2612541527","https://openalex.org/W2737581181","https://openalex.org/W2760809381","https://openalex.org/W2764043525","https://openalex.org/W2801133154","https://openalex.org/W2969913807","https://openalex.org/W4249234386","https://openalex.org/W6603844575","https://openalex.org/W6604570667","https://openalex.org/W6741272648"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058965144","https://openalex.org/W2164382479","https://openalex.org/W98480971","https://openalex.org/W2150291671","https://openalex.org/W2027972911","https://openalex.org/W2146343568","https://openalex.org/W2013643406","https://openalex.org/W4214838687","https://openalex.org/W2532502681","https://openalex.org/W4389387102"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Spiking":[0],"astrocyte":[1,20,34,56],"neural":[2],"networks":[3],"(SANN)":[4],"are":[5],"a":[6,66,110],"new":[7],"computational":[8,24],"paradigm":[9],"that":[10,170],"exhibit":[11],"enhanced":[12],"self-adapting":[13],"and":[14,26,96,101,138,148,159],"reliability":[15],"properties.":[16],"The":[17,70],"inclusion":[18],"of":[19,30,73,89,119,131,179],"behaviour":[21],"increases":[22],"the":[23,28,53,84,97,105,117,129,153,164],"load":[25],"critically":[27],"number":[29],"connections,":[31],"where":[32],"each":[33,50],"typically":[35],"communicates":[36,59],"with":[37,46,60,176],"up":[38],"to":[39,52,79,99,127,156],"9":[40],"neurons":[41],"(and":[42],"their":[43],"associated":[44],"synapses)":[45],"feedback":[47],"pathways":[48,145],"from":[49,104,163],"neuron":[51],"astrocyte.":[54],"Each":[55],"cell":[57,63],"also":[58,151],"its":[61],"neighbouring":[62],"resulting":[64],"in":[65,75,81,86,93],"significant":[67,143],"interconnect":[68,95,144,155],"density.":[69],"substantial":[71],"level":[72],"parallelisms":[74],"SANNs":[76,90],"lends":[77],"itself":[78],"acceleration":[80,113],"hardware,":[82],"however,":[83],"challenge":[85,130],"accelerating":[87],"simulations":[88],"firmly":[91],"resides":[92],"scalable":[94],"ability":[98],"inject":[100,157],"retrieve":[102,160],"data":[103,158,162],"hardware.":[106],"This":[107],"paper":[108],"presents":[109],"novel":[111],"multi-FPGA":[112],"architecture,":[114],"AstroByte,":[115],"for":[116],"speedup":[118,177],"SANNs.":[120],"AstroByte":[121,150,171],"explores":[122],"Networks-on-Chip":[123],"(NoC)":[124],"routing":[125],"mechanisms":[126],"address":[128],"communicating":[132],"both":[133],"spike":[134],"event":[135],"(neuron":[136],"data)":[137,141],"numeric":[139],"(astrocyte":[140],"across":[142],"between":[146,180],"astrocytes":[147],"neurons.":[149],"exploits":[152],"NoC":[154],"runtime":[161],"accelerated":[165],"SANN":[166,174],"simulations.":[167,186],"Results":[168],"show":[169],"can":[172],"simulate":[173],"applications":[175],"factors":[178],"xl62":[181],"-xl88":[182],"over":[183],"Matlab":[184],"equivalent":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2020-06-25T00:00:00"}