{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3036942028","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116244","title":"Statistical Training for Neuromorphic Computing using Memristor-based Crossbars Considering Process Variations and Noise","display_name":"Statistical Training for Neuromorphic Computing using Memristor-based Crossbars Considering Process Variations and Noise","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3036942028","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116244","mag":"3036942028"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/date48585.2020.9116244","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116244","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006092446","display_name":"Ying Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5416-0566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ying Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070194930","display_name":"Grace Li Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8289-9288"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Grace Li Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051391822","display_name":"Tianchen Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1524-6364"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianchen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100661836","display_name":"Bing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7083-2345"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000141831","display_name":"Yiyu Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6788-9823"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiyu Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062800747","display_name":"Tsung-Yi Ho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7348-5625"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsung-Yi Ho","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing Hua University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing Hua University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017567485","display_name":"Ulf Schlichtmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4431-7619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulf Schlichtmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006092446"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8016,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94082042,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1590","last_page":"1593"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-engineering","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","score":0.8988827466964722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memristor","display_name":"Memristor","score":0.8263812065124512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7028343081474304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.6096376180648804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6069865226745605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.595448911190033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5044900178909302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-deviation","display_name":"Standard deviation","score":0.459821492433548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4346686899662018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-variation","display_name":"Process variation","score":0.4274784028530121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-inference","display_name":"Statistical inference","score":0.4207446277141571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.41587385535240173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3416254222393036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.33091679215431213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3188440203666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15858864784240723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12032333016395569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08669963479042053}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151927369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981312","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","level":3,"score":0.8988827466964722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150072547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212923","display_name":"Memristor","level":2,"score":0.8263812065124512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7028343081474304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.6096376180648804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6069865226745605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.595448911190033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5044900178909302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159375","display_name":"Standard deviation","level":2,"score":0.459821492433548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4346686899662018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93389723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247313","display_name":"Process variation","level":3,"score":0.4274784028530121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134261354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical inference","level":2,"score":0.4207446277141571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.41587385535240173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3416254222393036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.33091679215431213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3188440203666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15858864784240723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12032333016395569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08669963479042053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/date48585.2020.9116244","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116244","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966741973","https://openalex.org/W2056507634","https://openalex.org/W2082690044","https://openalex.org/W2088274241","https://openalex.org/W2121437951","https://openalex.org/W2148324508","https://openalex.org/W2163262735","https://openalex.org/W2296319761","https://openalex.org/W2473024693","https://openalex.org/W2612375349","https://openalex.org/W2905346571","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2946591837","https://openalex.org/W2953384591","https://openalex.org/W2979542579","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4251318441","https://openalex.org/W6713134421","https://openalex.org/W6737781249","https://openalex.org/W6768015420"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1872623660","https://openalex.org/W3207218810","https://openalex.org/W4292697011","https://openalex.org/W3212508523","https://openalex.org/W1995352804","https://openalex.org/W2909534142","https://openalex.org/W2086672837","https://openalex.org/W1940420793","https://openalex.org/W4367187682","https://openalex.org/W3215957123"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Memristor-based":[0],"crossbars":[1],"are":[2],"an":[3],"attractive":[4],"platform":[5],"to":[6,31,93],"accelerate":[7],"neuromorphic":[8],"computing.":[9],"However,":[10],"process":[11,33],"variations":[12,34],"during":[13,48],"manufacturing":[14],"and":[15,35,41,60,78,95],"noise":[16,36],"in":[17,98],"memristors":[18],"cause":[19],"significant":[20],"accuracy":[21,85],"loss":[22],"if":[23],"not":[24],"addressed.":[25],"In":[26],"this":[27,54],"paper,":[28],"we":[29],"propose":[30],"model":[32],"as":[37],"correlated":[38],"random":[39],"variables":[40],"incorporate":[42],"them":[43],"into":[44],"the":[45,51,75,79,83],"cost":[46],"function":[47],"training.":[49],"Consequently,":[50],"weights":[52],"after":[53],"statistical":[55],"training":[56],"become":[57],"more":[58],"robust":[59],"together":[61],"with":[62],"global":[63],"variation":[64],"compensation":[65],"provide":[66],"a":[67,99],"stable":[68],"inference":[69,84],"accuracy.":[70],"Simulation":[71],"results":[72],"demonstrate":[73],"that":[74],"mean":[76],"value":[77],"standard":[80],"deviation":[81],"of":[82],"can":[86],"be":[87],"improved":[88],"significantly,":[89],"by":[90],"even":[91],"up":[92],"54%":[94],"31%,":[96],"respectively,":[97],"two-layer":[100],"fully":[101],"connected":[102],"neural":[103],"network.":[104]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}