{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2990940217","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116194","title":"SPEAR: Hardware-based Implicit Rewriting for Square-root Circuit Verification","display_name":"SPEAR: Hardware-based Implicit Rewriting for Square-root Circuit Verification","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2990940217","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116194","mag":"2990940217"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/date48585.2020.9116194","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116194","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061619881","display_name":"Atif Yasin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6490-8710"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Atif Yasin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts,Amherst,MA,USA","University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts,Amherst,MA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069054184","display_name":"Tiankai Su","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiankai Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts,Amherst,MA,USA","University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts,Amherst,MA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016711661","display_name":"S\u00e9bastien Pillement","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9160-2896"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100151","display_name":"Institut d'\u00c9lectronique et des Technologies du num\u00e9Rique","ror":"https://ror.org/013q33h79","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210095849","https://openalex.org/I4210100151","https://openalex.org/I56067802","https://openalex.org/I97188460"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97188460","display_name":"Nantes Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/03gnr7b55","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97188460"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sebastien Pillement","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ Nantes, CNRS, IETR UMR,Nantes,France,F-44000"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ Nantes, CNRS, IETR UMR,Nantes,France,F-44000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97188460","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210100151"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075578327","display_name":"Maciej Ciesielski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3924-3638"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maciej Ciesielski","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts,Amherst,MA,USA","University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts,Amherst,MA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061619881"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2814,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.588929,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"532","last_page":"537"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/square-root","display_name":"Square root","score":0.8171200156211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rewriting","display_name":"Rewriting","score":0.804550051689148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6898736953735352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.6799588799476624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-equivalence-checking","display_name":"Formal equivalence checking","score":0.6663579344749451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equivalence","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","score":0.571261465549469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satisfiability","display_name":"Satisfiability","score":0.5513191819190979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-verification","display_name":"Formal verification","score":0.5073491930961609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root","display_name":"Root (linguistics)","score":0.4712153971195221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.4384179413318634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4250418245792389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3699972927570343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.36397403478622437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2710191607475281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.1814928948879242}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11577676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134237","display_name":"Square root","level":2,"score":0.8171200156211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154690210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1668499","display_name":"Rewriting","level":2,"score":0.804550051689148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6898736953735352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.6799588799476624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96654402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5469962","display_name":"Formal equivalence checking","level":3,"score":0.6663579344749451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780069185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7977945","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","level":2,"score":0.571261465549469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168773769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1350299","display_name":"Satisfiability","level":2,"score":0.5513191819190979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111498074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173326","display_name":"Formal verification","level":2,"score":0.5073491930961609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171078966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111029","display_name":"Root (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4712153971195221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.4384179413318634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4250418245792389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3699972927570343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.36397403478622437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2710191607475281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.1814928948879242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/date48585.2020.9116194","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date48585.2020.9116194","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1528837436","https://openalex.org/W1584008964","https://openalex.org/W1587217691","https://openalex.org/W1595607623","https://openalex.org/W2008863866","https://openalex.org/W2079983062","https://openalex.org/W2080267935","https://openalex.org/W2122796136","https://openalex.org/W2142785890","https://openalex.org/W2171317407","https://openalex.org/W2171429234","https://openalex.org/W2230256814","https://openalex.org/W2329849566","https://openalex.org/W2560525892","https://openalex.org/W2767589661","https://openalex.org/W2899780216","https://openalex.org/W2942139435","https://openalex.org/W2946097251","https://openalex.org/W2963976091","https://openalex.org/W4210830821","https://openalex.org/W4239898032","https://openalex.org/W6684966122","https://openalex.org/W6730646790"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2152752131","https://openalex.org/W2106507440","https://openalex.org/W2105710452","https://openalex.org/W2122355433","https://openalex.org/W2162615969","https://openalex.org/W2096723742","https://openalex.org/W2035731992","https://openalex.org/W79857529","https://openalex.org/W1574742821","https://openalex.org/W2114398233"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,71,91],"paper":[1],"addresses":[2],"the":[3,18,27,49,54,74,100],"formal":[4],"verification":[5,101],"of":[6,17,29,34,64,87,102],"gate-level":[7,55,105],"square-root":[8,56,106],"circuits.":[9],"Division":[10],"and":[11,25,45,82],"square":[12],"root":[13,61],"functions":[14],"are":[15],"some":[16],"most":[19],"complex":[20],"arithmetic":[21],"operations":[22],"to":[23,39],"implement":[24],"proving":[26],"correctness":[28],"their":[30],"hardware":[31,89,97],"implementation":[32],"is":[33],"great":[35],"importance.":[36],"In":[37],"contrast":[38],"standard":[40],"approaches":[41],"that":[42],"use":[43],"satisfiability":[44],"equivalence":[46,66],"checking":[47,65],"techniques,":[48],"presented":[50],"method":[51,72],"verifies":[52],"whether":[53],"circuit":[57,107],"actually":[58],"performs":[59],"a":[60,68,84,103],"operation,":[62],"instead":[63],"with":[67,108],"reference":[69],"design.":[70],"extends":[73],"algebraic":[75],"rewriting":[76,98],"technique":[77,86],"developed":[78],"earlier":[79],"for":[80],"multipliers":[81],"introduces":[83],"novel":[85],"implicit":[88],"rewriting.":[90],"tool":[92],"called":[93],"SPEAR":[94],"based":[95],"on":[96],"enables":[99],"256-bit":[104],"0.26":[109],"million":[110],"gates":[111],"in":[112],"under":[113],"18":[114],"minutes.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}