{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2798728573","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date.2018.8342103","title":"Theoretical and practical aspects of verification of quantum computers","display_name":"Theoretical and practical aspects of verification of quantum computers","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2798728573","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date.2018.8342103","mag":"2798728573"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/date.2018.8342103","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date.2018.8342103","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109865748","display_name":"Y. Naveh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167297","display_name":"IBM Research - Haifa","ror":"https://ror.org/05rw9t746","country_code":"IL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yehuda Naveh","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research - Haifa, Haifa, Israel","IBM Haifa Research Labs, Haifa, Haifa, IL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research - Haifa, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167297"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Haifa Research Labs, Haifa, Haifa, IL","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052107957","display_name":"Elham Kashefi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6280-9604"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39804081","display_name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["FR","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elham Kashefi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK and CNRS LIP6, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK and CNRS LIP6, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I98677209","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061627219","display_name":"James R. Wootton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1943-5306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1850255","display_name":"University of Basel","ror":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1850255"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James R. Wootton","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1850255"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058128591","display_name":"Koen Bertels","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9310-4885"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145640","display_name":"QuTech","ror":"https://ror.org/04wf30j82","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148297040","https://openalex.org/I4210145640","https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Koen Bertels","raw_affiliation_strings":["QuTech Research Centre, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"QuTech Research Centre, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874","https://openalex.org/I4210145640"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3379,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67387812,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"721","last_page":"730"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7296143770217896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.6465214490890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pace","display_name":"Pace","score":0.6258680820465088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5886349081993103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.569468080997467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4837948977947235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.47064918279647827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.46021807193756104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.37457865476608276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-science","display_name":"Computational science","score":0.3327401280403137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3305547833442688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.13409388065338135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12496709823608398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07430633902549744}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7296143770217896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.6465214490890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777526511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691543","display_name":"Pace","level":2,"score":0.6258680820465088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5886349081993103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.569468080997467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4837948977947235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.47064918279647827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.46021807193756104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.37457865476608276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.3327401280403137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3305547833442688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.13409388065338135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12496709823608398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07430633902549744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/date.2018.8342103","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/date.2018.8342103","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8960705998","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/M013243/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32507011","https://openalex.org/W58322429","https://openalex.org/W67485690","https://openalex.org/W139186958","https://openalex.org/W180510765","https://openalex.org/W855611667","https://openalex.org/W1532834996","https://openalex.org/W1658286076","https://openalex.org/W1993292204","https://openalex.org/W1997747503","https://openalex.org/W2009916095","https://openalex.org/W2048118641","https://openalex.org/W2052146120","https://openalex.org/W2059376007","https://openalex.org/W2089540019","https://openalex.org/W2092458348","https://openalex.org/W2093786499","https://openalex.org/W2132909821","https://openalex.org/W2136357775","https://openalex.org/W2145860679","https://openalex.org/W2170620327","https://openalex.org/W2173810284","https://openalex.org/W2179731956","https://openalex.org/W2210183803","https://openalex.org/W2346370519","https://openalex.org/W2591036338","https://openalex.org/W2618337119","https://openalex.org/W2618402798","https://openalex.org/W2619719596","https://openalex.org/W2747770643","https://openalex.org/W2753113783","https://openalex.org/W2755255888","https://openalex.org/W2758002822","https://openalex.org/W2962840832","https://openalex.org/W3033331243","https://openalex.org/W3037692444","https://openalex.org/W3103147273","https://openalex.org/W3103945850","https://openalex.org/W3105135005"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4220701436","https://openalex.org/W4288020428","https://openalex.org/W4281396976","https://openalex.org/W2041206904","https://openalex.org/W4292387542","https://openalex.org/W2989046916","https://openalex.org/W204679888","https://openalex.org/W4285214172","https://openalex.org/W2997740458","https://openalex.org/W2765753692"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Quantum":[0],"computing":[1],"is":[2,92],"emerging":[3],"at":[4],"a":[5,9,14,113],"meteoric":[6],"pace":[7],"from":[8],"pure":[10],"academic":[11],"field":[12,61],"to":[13,83,93,98,132],"fully":[15],"industrial":[16],"framework.":[17],"Rapid":[18],"advances":[19],"are":[20,39],"happening":[21],"both":[22],"in":[23,31,45],"the":[24,46,60,69,119],"physical":[25,124],"realisations":[26],"of":[27,62,64,72,89,121],"quantum":[28,53,65,105,127,141],"chips,":[29],"and":[30,48,77,80,100,107,129,136],"their":[32],"potential":[33],"software":[34],"applications.":[35],"In":[36,55],"contrast,":[37],"we":[38,58],"not":[40],"seeing":[41],"that":[42],"rapid":[43],"growth":[44],"design":[47],"verification":[49,63,102],"methodologies":[50,103],"for":[51,104,126],"scaled-up":[52],"machines.":[54],"this":[56,73,90],"work":[57],"describe":[59],"computers.":[66],"We":[67],"discuss":[68],"underlying":[70],"concepts":[71],"field,":[74],"its":[75],"theoretical":[76],"practical":[78],"challenges,":[79],"state-of-the-art":[81,120],"approaches":[82],"addressing":[84],"those":[85],"challenges.":[86],"The":[87],"goal":[88],"paper":[91],"help":[94],"facilitate":[95],"early":[96,111],"efforts":[97],"adapt":[99],"create":[101],"computers":[106],"systems.":[108],"Without":[109],"such":[110],"efforts,":[112],"debilitating":[114],"gap":[115],"may":[116],"form":[117],"between":[118],"low":[122],"level":[123],"technologies":[125],"computers,":[128],"our":[130],"ability":[131],"build":[133],"medium,":[134],"large,":[135],"very":[137],"large":[138],"scale":[139],"integrated":[140],"circuits":[142],"(M/L/VLSIQ).":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}