{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7116767817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cnsm67658.2025.11297452","title":"Resource Allocation for Satellite QKD Networks with Atmospheric Forecast","display_name":"Resource Allocation for Satellite QKD Networks with Atmospheric Forecast","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7116767817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cnsm67658.2025.11297452"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/cnsm67658.2025.11297452","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cnsm67658.2025.11297452","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 21st International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11311/1310872","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003797610","display_name":"S. B. PARK","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sun Gyu Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002607678","display_name":"Qiaolun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7012-950X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiaolun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano,Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120991416","display_name":"Raul C. Almeida","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25112270","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Pernambuco","ror":"https://ror.org/047908t24","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25112270"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raul C. Almeida","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Pernambuco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Pernambuco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25112270"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080958498","display_name":"Mehdi Bolourian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8237-2734"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehdi Bolourian","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038468421","display_name":"Massimo Tornatore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0740-1061"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Massimo Tornatore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano,Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120952131","display_name":"Raouf Boutaba","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raouf Boutaba","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.26260000467300415,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.26260000467300415,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.163100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.10719999670982361,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-key-distribution","display_name":"Quantum key distribution","score":0.8145999908447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.6263999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.49619999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.45350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-satellite","display_name":"Communications satellite","score":0.36169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.35589998960494995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95466800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027298","display_name":"Quantum key distribution","level":3,"score":0.8145999908447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6345999836921692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.6263999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.49619999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.45350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.43529999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121308736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149918","display_name":"Communications satellite","level":3,"score":0.36169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.35589998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.31150001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.3084999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778027091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25346003","display_name":"Satellite system","level":4,"score":0.2515000104904175}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/cnsm67658.2025.11297452","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cnsm67658.2025.11297452","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 21st International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/1310872","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11311/1310872","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/1310872","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11311/1310872","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988838064","https://openalex.org/W2003762972","https://openalex.org/W2027704516","https://openalex.org/W2084652510","https://openalex.org/W2168676717","https://openalex.org/W2188098015","https://openalex.org/W2728092904","https://openalex.org/W2730052586","https://openalex.org/W2991441573","https://openalex.org/W3005397520","https://openalex.org/W4212803588","https://openalex.org/W4283212630","https://openalex.org/W4382568152","https://openalex.org/W4385741575","https://openalex.org/W4389574793","https://openalex.org/W4392285327","https://openalex.org/W4402634024","https://openalex.org/W4406261570","https://openalex.org/W4406261643","https://openalex.org/W4408607154","https://openalex.org/W4408612646","https://openalex.org/W7084054532"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Quantum":[0],"Key":[1],"Distribution":[2],"(QKD)":[3],"is":[4,112,186],"a":[5,49,195],"foundational":[6],"technology":[7],"for":[8,52,122,191,220,227,282],"future":[9],"secure":[10],"communications,":[11],"and":[12,20,61,97,106,164,178,222,238,272],"several":[13],"QKD":[14,41,54,58,82,124,148,206],"networks":[15,30,42,48,83,125,149],"have":[16],"been":[17],"already":[18],"deployed":[19],"tested":[21],"around":[22],"the":[23,37,88,92,102,141,153,170,223,228,233,243,266,278,283,289,301],"world":[24],"using":[25],"optical":[26],"fibers.":[27],"However,":[28],"these":[29],"cannot":[31],"scale":[32],"in":[33,132,146,204,242],"size":[34],"due":[35,87],"to":[36,75,114,118,128,160,201,217,219,254,264,276,305,312,322],"inefficiency":[38],"of":[39,91,143,174],"fiber":[40],"with":[43,269,317],"increasing":[44],"distances,":[45],"making":[46],"satellite":[47,57,123,147,165,177,205],"major":[50],"candidate":[51],"long-distance":[53],"networks.":[55],"In":[56,136,231],"networks,":[59,207],"satellites":[60],"ground":[62,79,95,179,216],"stations":[63,96,180],"can":[64],"act":[65],"as":[66,188],"trusted":[67,229,284],"relays,":[68],"distributing":[69],"keys":[70,240,249,310],"between":[71,94,176],"satellite-ground":[72],"station":[73],"pairs":[74],"serve":[76],"requests":[77],"among":[78],"stations.":[80],"Satellite":[81],"face":[84],"fundamental":[85],"challenges":[86],"time-varying":[89],"nature":[90],"connection":[93],"satellites,":[98],"caused":[99],"by":[100],"both":[101,210],"satellite\u2019s":[103],"orbital":[104],"movement":[105],"fluctuating":[107],"atmospheric":[108],"attenuation.":[109],"Thus,":[110],"it":[111],"necessary":[113],"design":[115],"novel":[116],"schemes":[117],"dynamically":[119],"allocate":[120,202],"resources":[121,203],"that":[126,296],"adapt":[127],"evolving":[129,161],"network":[130],"conditions":[131,163],"different":[133,182],"time":[134,320],"intervals.":[135],"this":[137],"work,":[138],"we":[139,262],"investigate":[140],"problem":[142],"resource":[144],"allocation":[145],"taking":[150],"into":[151],"account":[152],"changing":[154],"key":[155,172,245],"generation":[156],"rates,":[157],"calculated":[158],"according":[159],"weather":[162,183],"visibility.":[166],"We":[167,193],"first":[168],"model":[169,200],"achievable":[171],"rate":[173],"connections":[175],"under":[181],"conditions,":[184],"which":[185,208,215,286],"used":[187,256],"an":[189,318],"input":[190],"optimization.":[192],"formulate":[194],"Mixed-Integer":[196],"Linear":[197],"Programming":[198],"(MILP)":[199],"decides":[209],"link":[211,267,298],"assignments":[212],"(i.e.,":[213],"deciding":[214],"connect":[218],"satellites)":[221],"appropriate":[224,279],"routing":[225,280],"path":[226,281],"relay.":[230],"addition,":[232],"MILP":[234],"models":[235],"multiple":[236],"timeslots":[237],"considers":[239],"stored":[241],"quantum":[244],"pool":[246],"(QKP),":[247],"allowing":[248],"generated":[250],"during":[251,258],"low-load":[252],"periods":[253],"be":[255],"later":[257],"high-load":[259],"periods.":[260],"Moreover,":[261],"propose":[263],"decide":[265,277],"configuration":[268,299],"heuristic":[270],"algorithms":[271],"then":[273],"utilize":[274],"ILP":[275,302],"relay,":[285],"significantly":[287],"reduces":[288],"execution":[290,319],"time.":[291],"The":[292],"numerical":[293],"results":[294],"show":[295],"incorporating":[297],"within":[300],"achieves":[303],"up":[304,321],"20%":[306],"more":[307],"total":[308],"served":[309],"compared":[311],"heuristicbased":[313],"baseline":[314],"approaches,":[315],"but":[316],"700x":[323],"longer.":[324]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-12-22T00:00:00"}