{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3107341829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cnsm50824.2020.9269055","title":"Temporal Representations for Detecting BGP Blackjack Attacks","display_name":"Temporal Representations for Detecting BGP Blackjack Attacks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3107341829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cnsm50824.2020.9269055","mag":"3107341829"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/cnsm50824.2020.9269055","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cnsm50824.2020.9269055","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 16th International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019052543","display_name":"Rafael Copstein","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129902397","display_name":"Dalhousie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rafael Copstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008462534","display_name":"A. Nur Zincir\u2010Heywood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2796-7265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129902397","display_name":"Dalhousie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nur Zincir-Heywood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019052543"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7709,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75103226,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12326","display_name":"Network Packet Processing and Optimization","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timestamp","display_name":"Timestamp","score":0.8677200078964233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.802161455154419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.6835490465164185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.6587271094322205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5709989070892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naive-bayes-classifier","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","score":0.5146682858467102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.4226330816745758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4078531265258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.40198397636413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39370983839035034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3018873929977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.18685981631278992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.14161276817321777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.10079687833786011}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113954288","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186885","display_name":"Timestamp","level":2,"score":0.8677200078964233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.802161455154419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.6835490465164185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.6587271094322205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5709989070892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52001869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812530","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","level":3,"score":0.5146682858467102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.4226330816745758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4078531265258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.40198397636413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39370983839035034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3018873929977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.18685981631278992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.14161276817321777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.10079687833786011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/cnsm50824.2020.9269055","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cnsm50824.2020.9269055","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 16th International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.8100000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1638186213","https://openalex.org/W1695442719","https://openalex.org/W1877037860","https://openalex.org/W2069222612","https://openalex.org/W2117175761","https://openalex.org/W2141938573","https://openalex.org/W2145721479","https://openalex.org/W2161085373","https://openalex.org/W2745720015","https://openalex.org/W2770908045","https://openalex.org/W2892416982","https://openalex.org/W2903158016","https://openalex.org/W2972614546","https://openalex.org/W4240572364","https://openalex.org/W4300490703"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2039821316","https://openalex.org/W4389954502","https://openalex.org/W2388081684","https://openalex.org/W2771255398","https://openalex.org/W2930428186","https://openalex.org/W3200027047","https://openalex.org/W4385770464","https://openalex.org/W3125536479","https://openalex.org/W3120363735","https://openalex.org/W4214820172"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Even":[0],"though":[1],"BGP":[2,39,132],"blackholes":[3],"are":[4],"used":[5],"to":[6,19,89],"mitigate":[7],"denial":[8],"of":[9,25,30,72,82,93,101,129],"service":[10],"attacks,":[11],"they":[12],"also":[13,135],"represent":[14],"a":[15,36,44],"major":[16],"cybersecurity":[17],"challenge":[18],"organizations.":[20],"These":[21],"challenges":[22],"include":[23],"abuse":[24],"route":[26],"selection":[27],"algorithms,":[28],"lack":[29],"host":[31],"verification,":[32],"and":[33,57,76,96,111],"maliciously":[34],"triggering":[35],"blackhole,":[37],"i.e.":[38],"blackjack.":[40],"This":[41],"research":[42],"presents":[43],"supervised":[45],"machine":[46],"learning":[47],"based":[48],"approach":[49],"for":[50],"blackjack":[51,102],"detection.":[52],"We":[53,134],"employ":[54],"Naive":[55],"Bayes":[56],"Decision":[58],"Tree":[59],"classifiers":[60],"with":[61,121,143],"three":[62],"different":[63],"temporal":[64,94],"representations:":[65],"(i)":[66],"packets":[67,73,83],"with/without":[68,74,84],"timestamps;":[69,75],"(ii)":[70],"buffer":[71,81,119],"(iii)":[77],"overlapping":[78,118],"/":[79],"non-overlapping":[80],"timestamps.":[85],"Our":[86],"goal":[87],"is":[88,140],"understand":[90],"the":[91,99,107,124,130],"effect":[92],"data":[95,120],"context":[97],"in":[98],"detection":[100],"attacks.":[103],"Furthermore,":[104],"we":[105],"explore":[106],"most":[108],"suitable":[109],"attributes":[110],"solution":[112],"complexity.":[113],"Evaluations":[114],"show":[115],"that":[116,137],"using":[117,127],"times-tamps":[122],"achieves":[123],"highest":[125],"accuracy/recall":[126],"five":[128],"seven":[131],"attributes.":[133],"observe":[136],"high":[138],"performance":[139],"not":[141],"correlated":[142],"complex":[144],"solutions.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
