{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3201739645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cinc53138.2021.9662697","title":"Convolution-Free Waveform Transformers for Multi-Lead ECG Classification","display_name":"Convolution-Free Waveform Transformers for Multi-Lead ECG Classification","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3201739645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cinc53138.2021.9662697","mag":"3201739645"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/cinc53138.2021.9662697","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cinc53138.2021.9662697","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605378","display_name":"2021 Computing in Cardiology (CinC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 Computing in Cardiology (CinC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.15129","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074176287","display_name":"Annamalai Natarajan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131230","display_name":"Philips (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03kw6wr76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122849","https://openalex.org/I4210131230"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Annamalai Natarajan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Philips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010512992","display_name":"Gregory Boverman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7223-3714"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131230","display_name":"Philips (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03kw6wr76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122849","https://openalex.org/I4210131230"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregory Boverman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Philips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079450700","display_name":"Yale Chang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131230","display_name":"Philips (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03kw6wr76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122849","https://openalex.org/I4210131230"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yale Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Philips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054845886","display_name":"Corneliu Antonescu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802412784","display_name":"Banner Health","ror":"https://ror.org/039wwwz66","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802412784"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Corneliu Antonescu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Arizona Banner Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Arizona Banner Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802412784","https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072102232","display_name":"Jonathan Rubin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0065-5616"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131230","display_name":"Philips (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03kw6wr76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122849","https://openalex.org/I4210131230"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Rubin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Philips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131230"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074176287"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131230"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3459,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.36964286,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12419","display_name":"Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques","score":0.9807000160217285,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9746000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.8442636132240295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.5607377886772156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.46558845043182373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-set","display_name":"Test set","score":0.4622592329978943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.38367176055908203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3792012333869934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24168020486831665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.2364422082901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.16910365223884583}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.8442636132240295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.5607377886772156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46558845043182373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169903167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Test set","level":2,"score":0.4622592329978943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.38367176055908203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3792012333869934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24168020486831665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.2364422082901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.16910365223884583}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/cinc53138.2021.9662697","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cinc53138.2021.9662697","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605378","display_name":"2021 Computing in Cardiology (CinC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 Computing in Cardiology (CinC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2109.15129","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2109.15129","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.15129","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3201739645","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.15129.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2109.15129","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2109.15129","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2109.15129","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2109.15129","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.15129","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3201739645.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2586665457","https://openalex.org/W2888456553","https://openalex.org/W2996959172","https://openalex.org/W3008167346","https://openalex.org/W3027572331","https://openalex.org/W3049106197","https://openalex.org/W3094502228","https://openalex.org/W3098699929","https://openalex.org/W3121032337","https://openalex.org/W6733436168","https://openalex.org/W6774025570","https://openalex.org/W6788522963","https://openalex.org/W6807079463","https://openalex.org/W6884848120"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2886466686","https://openalex.org/W2928816062","https://openalex.org/W3211658062","https://openalex.org/W2943642020","https://openalex.org/W3114326017","https://openalex.org/W2136286884","https://openalex.org/W2537801943","https://openalex.org/W2980297286","https://openalex.org/W3127004389","https://openalex.org/W2794786459","https://openalex.org/W2796148034","https://openalex.org/W2005832828","https://openalex.org/W3118353113","https://openalex.org/W3119571118","https://openalex.org/W3046754270","https://openalex.org/W2950264677","https://openalex.org/W3083227401","https://openalex.org/W2101998902","https://openalex.org/W2408328854","https://openalex.org/W2775266440"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,21],"present":[1],"our":[2],"entry":[3],"to":[4,14],"the":[5,23,26,43,83],"2021":[6],"PhysioNet/CinC":[7],"challenge":[8],"-":[9],"a":[10],"waveform":[11,27,60],"transformer":[12,28,61],"model":[13,29,62],"detect":[15],"cardiac":[16],"abnormalities":[17],"from":[18,39],"ECG":[19,37],"recordings.":[20],"compare":[22],"performance":[24,89],"of":[25,65,80,99],"on":[30,53,72,82],"different":[31,73],"ECG-lead":[32,74],"subsets":[33],"using":[34],"approximately":[35],"88,000":[36],"recordings":[38],"six":[40],"datasets.":[41],"In":[42],"official":[44],"rankings,":[45],"team":[46],"prna":[47],"ranked":[48],"between":[49],"9":[50],"and":[51,55,70],"15":[52],"12,6,4,3":[54],"2-lead":[56],"sets":[57],"respectively.":[58],"Our":[59,87],"achieved":[63],"scores":[64],"0.49,":[66,67],"0.46,":[68],"0.47":[69,81],"0.44":[71],"subsets,":[75],"with":[76],"an":[77],"average":[78],"score":[79],"held-out":[84],"test":[85],"set.":[86],"combined":[88],"across":[90],"all":[91],"leads":[92],"placed":[93],"us":[94],"at":[95],"rank":[96],"11":[97],"out":[98],"39":[100],"officially":[101],"ranking":[102],"teams.":[103]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-11T14:59:36.786465","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
