{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206360847","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cinc53138.2021.9662677","title":"Detecting Cardiac Abnormalities with Multi-Lead ECG Signals: A Modular Network Approach","display_name":"Detecting Cardiac Abnormalities with Multi-Lead ECG Signals: A Modular Network Approach","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206360847","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cinc53138.2021.9662677"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/cinc53138.2021.9662677","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cinc53138.2021.9662677","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605378","display_name":"2021 Computing in Cardiology (CinC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 Computing in Cardiology (CinC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078839363","display_name":"Ryan Clark","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryan Clark","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077255905","display_name":"Mohammadreza Heydarian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7526-7955"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammadreza Heydarian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062397245","display_name":"Kashif Siddiqui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kashif Siddiqui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053298364","display_name":"Sajjad Rashidiani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1318-698X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sajjad Rashidiani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002356529","display_name":"Md Asif Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8395-347X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Asif Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062284387","display_name":"Thomas E. Doyle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1059-110X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127509","display_name":"Vector Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03kqdja62","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127509"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas E Doyle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127509"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.344,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49371634,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10217","display_name":"Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.8561708927154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7515813708305359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.6676163673400879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5949364900588989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.557960569858551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5290359854698181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.485460102558136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-set","display_name":"Test set","score":0.4704039692878723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.43652987480163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lead","display_name":"Lead (geology)","score":0.4291936159133911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.42505303025245667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.37950775027275085}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.8561708927154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7515813708305359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6676163673400879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5949364900588989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.557960569858551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5290359854698181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.485460102558136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169903167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Test set","level":2,"score":0.4704039692878723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.43652987480163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777093003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6508345","display_name":"Lead (geology)","level":2,"score":0.4291936159133911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.42505303025245667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.37950775027275085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/cinc53138.2021.9662677","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cinc53138.2021.9662677","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605378","display_name":"2021 Computing in Cardiology (CinC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 Computing in Cardiology (CinC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2002930002","https://openalex.org/W2162800060","https://openalex.org/W2902662000","https://openalex.org/W3049106197","https://openalex.org/W3084949122","https://openalex.org/W3098699929","https://openalex.org/W3127637041","https://openalex.org/W4206135956","https://openalex.org/W6807079463"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4255463199","https://openalex.org/W4281691423","https://openalex.org/W2411039299","https://openalex.org/W1856410221","https://openalex.org/W2318949977","https://openalex.org/W2334139353","https://openalex.org/W4243014959","https://openalex.org/W4243994159","https://openalex.org/W3099765033","https://openalex.org/W2997155179"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Globally,":[0],"heart":[1],"disease":[2],"has":[3],"been":[4],"the":[5,70,75,109,118,130,171,177,184,192,199,204],"leading":[6],"cause":[7],"of":[8,27,134,144,159],"death":[9],"for":[10,69,164],"more":[11],"than":[12],"two":[13],"decades.":[14],"There":[15],"is":[16,36],"a":[17,25,33,38,43,90,121],"need":[18],"to":[19,23,51,82,102,117,136,194,202],"develop":[20],"intelligent":[21],"architectures":[22,50],"handle":[24],"variety":[26],"real":[28],"life":[29],"clinical":[30,196],"scenarios":[31],"when":[32],"12-lead":[34],"ECG":[35,78],"not":[37],"viable":[39],"option.":[40],"We":[41,140],"propose":[42],"method":[44],"using":[45,89],"wide":[46,185],"and":[47,60,84,123,149,156,166],"deep":[48,96,124],"CNN":[49,97],"classify":[52],"cardiac":[53],"abnormalities":[54],"from":[55],"12,":[56],"6,":[57],"4,":[58],"3,":[59],"2":[61,167],"leads":[62],"ECGs.":[63],"These":[64],"five":[65],"networks":[66],"were":[67,80],"created":[68],"PhysioNet/CinC":[71],"Challenge":[72],"2021,":[73],"by":[74,176],"Biomedic2ai":[76],"team.":[77],"signals":[79],"down-sampled":[81],"100Hz":[83],"partitioned":[85],"with":[86,183],"5-second":[87],"windows":[88],"sliding":[91],"4-second":[92],"overlap.":[93],"A":[94,111],"one-dimensional":[95],"(1D-dCNN)":[98],"module":[99,114],"was":[100,115],"used":[101],"preserve":[103],"sequentially":[104],"related":[105],"features":[106],"embedded":[107],"in":[108,198],"signals.":[110],"feature":[112],"extraction":[113],"added":[116],"1D-dCNN,":[119],"creating":[120],"‘wide":[122],"modular":[125,186],"network’.":[126],"This":[127],"framework":[128,189],"allows":[129],"addition":[131],"or":[132],"removal":[133],"modules":[135,201],"optimize":[137],"classification":[138,206],"models.":[139],"achieved":[141],"test":[142,173],"scores":[143],"0.36,":[145],"0.30,":[146],"0.31,":[147],"0.29,":[148],"0.34":[150],"(ranked":[151],"23rd,":[152],"26th,":[153,154],"27th,":[155],"22nd":[157],"out":[158],"39":[160],"officially":[161],"ranked":[162],"teams)":[163],"12,6,4,3,":[165],"leads,":[168],"respectively,":[169],"on":[170],"hidden":[172],"set":[174],"provided":[175],"challenge.":[178],"Our":[179],"model":[180],"demonstrates":[181],"potential":[182],"network.":[187],"The":[188],"also":[190],"provides":[191],"flexibility":[193],"integrate":[195],"knowledge":[197],"future":[200],"improve":[203],"overall":[205],"performance.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}