{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3205564888","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/apnoms52696.2021.9562672","title":"Cos-CBDC: Design and Implementation of CBDC on Cosmos Blockchain","display_name":"Cos-CBDC: Design and Implementation of CBDC on Cosmos Blockchain","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3205564888","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/apnoms52696.2021.9562672","mag":"3205564888"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/apnoms52696.2021.9562672","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/apnoms52696.2021.9562672","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 22nd Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061168753","display_name":"Jungsu Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1680-9771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799891827","display_name":"Korea Post","ror":"https://ror.org/00p45d091","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799891827","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jungsu Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574","https://openalex.org/I2799891827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079225032","display_name":"Jeongheon Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799891827","display_name":"Korea Post","ror":"https://ror.org/00p45d091","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799891827","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeongheon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574","https://openalex.org/I2799891827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044161177","display_name":"Aram Youn","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aram Youn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hana Financial Group"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hana Financial Group","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100424012","display_name":"Jinhee Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7542-8560"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinhee Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hana Financial Group"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hana Financial Group","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076311735","display_name":"Yunsuh Chun","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunsuh Chun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hana Financial Group"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hana Financial Group","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102534033","display_name":"Jongsoo Woo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jongsoo Woo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Crypto Blockchain Research, POSTECH, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Crypto Blockchain Research, POSTECH, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074588447","display_name":"James Won\u2010Ki Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2853-7734"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799891827","display_name":"Korea Post","ror":"https://ror.org/00p45d091","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799891827","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Won-Ki Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574","https://openalex.org/I2799891827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3402,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9562041,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"303","last_page":"308"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9706000089645386,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.8312896490097046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-currency","display_name":"Digital currency","score":0.7602493762969971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptocurrency","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","score":0.628645658493042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.596087634563446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.58614581823349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4008890986442566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payment","display_name":"Payment","score":0.3369397222995758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.23524460196495056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.20025846362113953}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.8312896490097046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48220719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10836209","display_name":"Digital currency","level":3,"score":0.7602493762969971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180706569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13479982","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","level":2,"score":0.628645658493042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.596087634563446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.58614581823349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4008890986442566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.3369397222995758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.23524460196495056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.20025846362113953}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/apnoms52696.2021.9562672","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/apnoms52696.2021.9562672","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 22nd Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2092422002","https://openalex.org/W2105685537","https://openalex.org/W2108993004","https://openalex.org/W2511446761","https://openalex.org/W2794643813","https://openalex.org/W2806236680","https://openalex.org/W2886871703","https://openalex.org/W2903860032","https://openalex.org/W2909113448","https://openalex.org/W2935154965","https://openalex.org/W2967111530","https://openalex.org/W2969954377","https://openalex.org/W2999674664","https://openalex.org/W3005941557","https://openalex.org/W3007123488","https://openalex.org/W3026698754","https://openalex.org/W3047794938","https://openalex.org/W3081120400","https://openalex.org/W3121846669","https://openalex.org/W3124547316","https://openalex.org/W3125762864","https://openalex.org/W3141585064","https://openalex.org/W3155841289","https://openalex.org/W3196758990","https://openalex.org/W4211068006","https://openalex.org/W4248175462","https://openalex.org/W6676377296","https://openalex.org/W6767356481","https://openalex.org/W6773506135","https://openalex.org/W6777837641","https://openalex.org/W6781996899"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4205726392","https://openalex.org/W4365797016","https://openalex.org/W3215635167","https://openalex.org/W4280585582","https://openalex.org/W3022138056","https://openalex.org/W2913682208","https://openalex.org/W4313465241","https://openalex.org/W1950719656","https://openalex.org/W2907115098","https://openalex.org/W3184163161"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,9,32,49,99,132],"advent":[2],"of":[3,11,101],"e-commerce":[4],"and":[5,27,44,106,127],"electronic":[6],"payment":[7],"systems,":[8],"use":[10],"paper":[12,23],"currency":[13],"is":[14,18,36,47,129],"decreasing.":[15],"Therefore,":[16],"it":[17,108],"sufficiently":[19],"predictable":[20],"that":[21,82],"most":[22],"currencies":[24,29],"will":[25,30],"disappear":[26],"digital":[28],"become":[31],"mainstream.":[33],"This":[34,46],"phenomenon":[35],"further":[37],"accelerated":[38],"by":[39],"advances":[40],"in":[41,119,131],"blockchain":[42,78],"technology":[43],"COVID-19.":[45],"why":[48],"Central":[50],"Bank":[51],"Digital":[52],"Currency":[53],"(CBDC)":[54],"has":[55],"recently":[56],"begun":[57],"to":[58,92],"attract":[59],"attention.":[60],"Currently,":[61],"there":[62],"are":[63],"studies":[64],"on":[65],"CBDC":[66,80],"with":[67],"a":[68,114],"blockchain-based":[69],"distributed":[70],"ledger.":[71],"In":[72],"this":[73],"paper,":[74],"we":[75,112],"propose":[76,113],"Cosmos":[77],"based":[79],"(Cos-CBDC)":[81],"enables":[83],"communication":[84],"between":[85],"blockchains":[86],"using":[87,109],"Inter-Blockchain":[88],"Communication":[89],"(IBC)":[90],"protocol":[91],"ensure":[93],"interoperability.":[94],"We":[95],"not":[96],"only":[97],"analyze":[98],"requirements":[100],"Cos-CBDC":[102],"but":[103],"also":[104],"design":[105],"implement":[107],"Cosmos-SDK.":[110],"Furthermore,":[111],"Group":[115],"Key":[116],"Management":[117],"system":[118],"Cos-CBDC.":[120],"It":[121],"can":[122],"give":[123],"different":[124],"user":[125],"privileges,":[126],"privacy-preserving":[128],"possible":[130],"key":[133],"generation":[134],"process.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-08-11T07:18:39.950985","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
