{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402265304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/acc60939.2024.10644695","title":"Optimal Sizing, Operation, and Efficiency Evaluation of Battery Swapping Stations for Electric Heavy-Duty Trucks","display_name":"Optimal Sizing, Operation, and Efficiency Evaluation of Battery Swapping Stations for Electric Heavy-Duty Trucks","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402265304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/acc60939.2024.10644695"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/acc60939.2024.10644695","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/acc60939.2024.10644695","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 American Control Conference (ACC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101412419","display_name":"Ruiting Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3294-479X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ruiting Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Berkeley,CA,USA,94720"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Berkeley,CA,USA,94720","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005333462","display_name":"Yi Ju","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1636-3386"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Ju","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Berkeley,CA,USA,94720"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Berkeley,CA,USA,94720","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014982059","display_name":"Za\u00efd Allybokus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1126-8988"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103084370","display_name":"Total (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/04sk34n56","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103084370"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zaid Allybokus","raw_affiliation_strings":["TotalEnergies OneTech,Paris,France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TotalEnergies OneTech,Paris,France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103084370"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039989350","display_name":"Wente Zeng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103084370","display_name":"Total (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/04sk34n56","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103084370"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wente Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["TotalEnergies OneTech,Paris,France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TotalEnergies OneTech,Paris,France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103084370"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017918338","display_name":"Nicolas Obrecht","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7699-7682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103084370","display_name":"Total (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/04sk34n56","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103084370"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicolas Obrecht","raw_affiliation_strings":["TotalEnergies OneTech,Paris,France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TotalEnergies OneTech,Paris,France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103084370"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029873060","display_name":"Scott Moura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6393-4375"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott Moura","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Berkeley,CA,USA,94720"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Berkeley,CA,USA,94720","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101412419"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5151,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81855474,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"707","last_page":"712"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/truck","display_name":"Truck","score":0.9293521642684937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sizing","display_name":"Sizing","score":0.8785890936851501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heavy-duty","display_name":"Heavy duty","score":0.8071933388710022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.6760472059249878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.6729952692985535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.467061847448349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3850898742675781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2875880300998688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.10417592525482178}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52121051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43193","display_name":"Truck","level":2,"score":0.9293521642684937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777767291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1080291","display_name":"Sizing","level":2,"score":0.8785890936851501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993573757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3784054","display_name":"Heavy duty","level":2,"score":0.8071933388710022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.6760472059249878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.6729952692985535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.467061847448349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3850898742675781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2875880300998688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.10417592525482178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/acc60939.2024.10644695","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/acc60939.2024.10644695","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 American Control Conference (ACC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2592404563","https://openalex.org/W2967686386","https://openalex.org/W3112023326","https://openalex.org/W3185659948","https://openalex.org/W4224263881","https://openalex.org/W4310170615","https://openalex.org/W4311770311"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2362148937","https://openalex.org/W627398415","https://openalex.org/W4252019847","https://openalex.org/W4254204236","https://openalex.org/W829935278","https://openalex.org/W4210551371","https://openalex.org/W2392119071","https://openalex.org/W2350722454","https://openalex.org/W2087328555","https://openalex.org/W754166688"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Decarbonization":[0],"and":[1,15,31,68,97,121,137,140,150,165],"electrification":[2],"of":[3,20,33,71,77,80,88,118,168,177,192],"long-haul":[4,42,151],"trucks":[5,43],"are":[6],"notoriously":[7],"difficult":[8],"due":[9],"to":[10,63,161,183,188],"the":[11,28,65,69,81,115,122,159,166,169,173,189],"high":[12],"energy":[13,18,57],"demand":[14],"limited":[16],"gravimetric":[17],"density":[19],"lithium-ion":[21],"cells.":[22],"In":[23],"this":[24],"study,":[25],"we":[26],"investigate":[27],"optimal":[29,78],"deployment":[30],"operation":[32,70],"a":[34,45,51,73,112,185],"grid-connected":[35],"battery":[36,95,133,148,174],"swapping":[37,96],"station":[38,82],"(BSS)":[39],"for":[40,53,114,131,145],"electric":[41],"as":[44,111],"mixed-integer":[46],"optimization":[47],"problem.":[48],"We":[49,108,125],"construct":[50],"model":[52],"reliably":[54],"meeting":[55],"customer":[56],"needs":[58],"while":[59],"providing":[60],"grid":[61],"services,":[62],"demonstrate":[64],"business":[66],"case":[67],"such":[72],"system.":[74],"The":[75,154],"impact":[76],"sizing":[79],"is":[83,142],"explored.":[84],"A":[85],"comparative":[86],"study":[87,155],"two":[89],"alternative":[90],"charging":[91,99],"infrastructure":[92],"solutions":[93],"using":[94],"fast":[98],"stations":[100],"(FCS)":[101],"has":[102],"been":[103],"performed":[104],"through":[105],"numerical":[106],"experiments.":[107],"examine":[109],"ton-mile-per-hour":[110],"metric":[113],"relative":[116],"efficiency":[117,176,191],"cargo":[119],"movement":[120],"labor":[123],"requirements.":[124],"find":[126],"that":[127,158],"FCS":[128],"works":[129],"better":[130],"large":[132],"packs":[134,149],"with":[135],"short":[136],"regional":[138],"hauls,":[139],"BSS":[141],"well":[143],"suited":[144],"relatively":[146],"medium-sized":[147],"truck":[152],"movements.":[153],"also":[156],"found":[157],"potential":[160],"use":[162],"smaller":[163],"batteries,":[164],"expansion":[167],"network":[170],"can":[171],"increase":[172],"utilization":[175,190],"BSS,":[178],"which":[179],"may":[180],"be":[181],"able":[182],"approach":[184],"similar":[186],"level":[187],"FCS.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-02-25T23:00:34.991745","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
