{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4382936017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/acc55779.2023.10156076","title":"On the Lack of Robustness of Observers for Systems with Uncertain, Unstable Dynamics","display_name":"On the Lack of Robustness of Observers for Systems with Uncertain, Unstable Dynamics","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4382936017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/acc55779.2023.10156076"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/acc55779.2023.10156076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc55779.2023.10156076","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 American Control Conference (ACC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://mdsoar.org/bitstreams/3da2bc8a-8980-4453-bbe7-73b7880d1447/download","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077079763","display_name":"Mohammadreza Kamaldar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4774-9794"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammadreza Kamaldar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan,Department of Aerospace Engineering,Ann Arbor,MI,USA","Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan,Department of Aerospace Engineering,Ann Arbor,MI,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036467105","display_name":"Ankit Goel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4146-6275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79272384","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore County","ror":"https://ror.org/02qskvh78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79272384"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ankit Goel","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland, Balti-More County,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Baltimore,MD,USA","Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Balti-More County, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland, Balti-More County,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Baltimore,MD,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79272384","https://openalex.org/I126744593"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Balti-More County, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005725217","display_name":"Syed Aseem Ul Islam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8075-2170"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. A. U. Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan,Department of Aerospace Engineering,Ann Arbor,MI,USA","Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan,Department of Aerospace Engineering,Ann Arbor,MI,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009770702","display_name":"Dennis S. Bernstein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0399-3039"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dennis S. Bernstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan,Department of Aerospace Engineering,Ann Arbor,MI,USA","Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan,Department of Aerospace Engineering,Ann Arbor,MI,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1721,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.44153339,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1643","last_page":"1648"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10046","display_name":"Stability and Control of Uncertain Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10046","display_name":"Stability and Control of Uncertain Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10040","display_name":"Adaptive Control of Nonlinear Systems","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.8154338598251343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6950621604919434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49729397892951965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robust-control","display_name":"Robust control","score":0.47788989543914795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-dynamics","display_name":"System dynamics","score":0.46777668595314026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-system","display_name":"Linear system","score":0.43613627552986145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lti-system-theory","display_name":"LTI system theory","score":0.4194667935371399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.40802082419395447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-system","display_name":"Control system","score":0.3400326371192932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.258388876914978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1253725290298462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.10569435358047485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07584255933761597}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.8154338598251343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6950621604919434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49729397892951965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31531917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q915157","display_name":"Robust control","level":3,"score":0.47788989543914795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77405623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q598451","display_name":"System dynamics","level":2,"score":0.46777668595314026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6802819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072174","display_name":"Linear system","level":2,"score":0.43613627552986145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87698059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1808960","display_name":"LTI system theory","level":3,"score":0.4194667935371399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.40802082419395447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.3400326371192932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.258388876914978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1253725290298462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.10569435358047485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07584255933761597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/acc55779.2023.10156076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc55779.2023.10156076","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 American Control Conference (ACC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdsoar.org:11603/28826","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11603/28826","pdf_url":"https://mdsoar.org/bitstreams/3da2bc8a-8980-4453-bbe7-73b7880d1447/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402556","display_name":"Maryland Shared Open Access Repository (USMAI Consortium)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"doi:10.13016/m2rptt-ipyz","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.13016/m2rptt-ipyz","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402644","display_name":"Digital Repository at the University of Maryland (University of Maryland College Park)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","host_organization_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:mdsoar.org:11603/28826","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11603/28826","pdf_url":"https://mdsoar.org/bitstreams/3da2bc8a-8980-4453-bbe7-73b7880d1447/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402556","display_name":"Maryland Shared Open Access Repository (USMAI Consortium)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4382936017.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4382936017.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1572031236","https://openalex.org/W1981441867","https://openalex.org/W2000733203","https://openalex.org/W2031467798","https://openalex.org/W2051234657","https://openalex.org/W2065653331","https://openalex.org/W2082269988","https://openalex.org/W2084739600","https://openalex.org/W2098695330","https://openalex.org/W2123495415","https://openalex.org/W2142542010","https://openalex.org/W2156464932","https://openalex.org/W2158618555","https://openalex.org/W2162719021","https://openalex.org/W2186764569","https://openalex.org/W6735309146"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2053005959","https://openalex.org/W2299538996","https://openalex.org/W2027136373","https://openalex.org/W2144143333","https://openalex.org/W2276636510","https://openalex.org/W3163145068","https://openalex.org/W2105658174","https://openalex.org/W1990421243","https://openalex.org/W776139355","https://openalex.org/W3007064390"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"consider":[1],"the":[2,26,34,43,51,62,88],"robustness":[3],"of":[4,25,33,49,61],"state":[5,12],"estimation":[6,13,91],"for":[7],"linear,":[8],"time-invariant":[9],"systems.":[10],"Since":[11,72],"is":[14,54],"dual":[15],"to":[16,68],"full-state":[17,78],"feedback,":[18],"it":[19],"may":[20],"be":[21],"expected":[22],"that":[23,65],"stability":[24],"error":[27],"dynamics":[28,35,45,64],"depends":[29],"continuously":[30],"on":[31],"perturbations":[32,60],"matrix.":[36],"This":[37],"paper":[38],"shows,":[39],"however,":[40],"that,":[41],"if":[42],"system":[44,63],"are":[46],"unstable,":[47],"then\u2014regardless":[48],"how":[50],"filter":[52],"gain":[53],"chosen\u2014there":[55],"always":[56],"exist":[57],"arbitrarily":[58],"small":[59],"give":[66],"rise":[67],"unbounded":[69],"state-estimation":[70],"error.":[71],"this":[73,81],"phenomenon":[74],"cannot":[75],"occur":[76],"in":[77,87],"feedback":[79],"control,":[80],"result":[82],"reveals":[83],"a":[84],"surprising":[85],"break-down":[86],"duality":[89],"between":[90],"and":[92],"control.":[93]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
