{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4294690691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/acc53348.2022.9867352","title":"Sensor Fusion Observer Design and Experimental Validation for an Underwater Kite","display_name":"Sensor Fusion Observer Design and Experimental Validation for an Underwater Kite","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4294690691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/acc53348.2022.9867352"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/acc53348.2022.9867352","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/acc53348.2022.9867352","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607732","display_name":"2022 American Control Conference (ACC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 American Control Conference (ACC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016201872","display_name":"Zak Leonard","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801313472","display_name":"North Central State College","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6b6f76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zak Leonard","raw_affiliation_strings":["MS from NC State University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MS from NC State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535","https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001872649","display_name":"Samuel Bryant","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801313472","display_name":"North Central State College","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6b6f76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel Bryant","raw_affiliation_strings":["NC State"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NC State","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040163029","display_name":"Kartik Naik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9656-7487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801313472","display_name":"North Central State College","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6b6f76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kartik Naik","raw_affiliation_strings":["NC State"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NC State","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031069113","display_name":"Andrew Abney","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3651-7594"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801313472","display_name":"North Central State College","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6b6f76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Abney","raw_affiliation_strings":["NC State"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NC State","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081412274","display_name":"Dillon Herbert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0582-406X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801313472","display_name":"North Central State College","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6b6f76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dillon Herbert","raw_affiliation_strings":["NC State"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NC State","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080448527","display_name":"Hosam K. Fathy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4714-2466"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hosam Fathy","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071382594","display_name":"Kenneth Granlund","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0108-8038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801313472","display_name":"North Central State College","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6b6f76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth Granlund","raw_affiliation_strings":["NC State"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NC State","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037576781","display_name":"Andre P. Mazzoleni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4077-8971"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801313472","display_name":"North Central State College","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6b6f76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andre Mazzoleni","raw_affiliation_strings":["NC State"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NC State","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068207263","display_name":"Matthew Bryant","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2993-4125"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801313472","display_name":"North Central State College","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6b6f76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Bryant","raw_affiliation_strings":["NC State"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NC State","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112578306","display_name":"Chris Vermillion","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801313472","display_name":"North Central State College","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6b6f76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chris Vermillion","raw_affiliation_strings":["NC State"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NC State","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016201872"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535","https://openalex.org/I2801313472"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9828,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88388725,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3114","last_page":"3119"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12719","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering and Energy Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12719","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering and Energy Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11082","display_name":"Spacecraft Dynamics and Control","score":0.9678000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kite","display_name":"Kite","score":0.7474647760391235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.6321513056755066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observer","display_name":"Observer (physics)","score":0.5914640426635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.5643430352210999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.52869713306427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.4842205047607422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marine-engineering","display_name":"Marine engineering","score":0.3479688763618469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.25408363342285156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24568456411361694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2199491560459137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.21504423022270203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12800252437591553}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777229633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107061","display_name":"Kite","level":2,"score":0.7474647760391235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.6321513056755066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780704645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9251458","display_name":"Observer (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5914640426635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.5643430352210999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.52869713306427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.4842205047607422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199104240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118291","display_name":"Marine engineering","level":1,"score":0.3479688763618469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25408363342285156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24568456411361694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2199491560459137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.21504423022270203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12800252437591553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/acc53348.2022.9867352","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/acc53348.2022.9867352","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607732","display_name":"2022 American Control Conference (ACC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 American Control Conference (ACC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.lib.ncsu.edu:1840.20/39230","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.20/39230","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402468","display_name":"NCSU Libraries Repository (North Carolina State University Libraries)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","host_organization_name":"North Carolina State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1564768010","https://openalex.org/W1986756503","https://openalex.org/W1990004758","https://openalex.org/W2030443287","https://openalex.org/W2136034822","https://openalex.org/W2152561615","https://openalex.org/W2296816139","https://openalex.org/W2789248751","https://openalex.org/W2972444583","https://openalex.org/W3044354811","https://openalex.org/W3046033835","https://openalex.org/W3153504207","https://openalex.org/W3159763193","https://openalex.org/W4294690691","https://openalex.org/W6745049737","https://openalex.org/W6842488972"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2883428388","https://openalex.org/W4389992710","https://openalex.org/W1859517631","https://openalex.org/W1991958628","https://openalex.org/W2172113036","https://openalex.org/W2559962587","https://openalex.org/W2132659060","https://openalex.org/W2031992971","https://openalex.org/W3214791684","https://openalex.org/W2152662039"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Underwater":[0],"energy-harvesting":[1],"kites":[2],"possess":[3],"the":[4,41,121],"capacity,":[5],"under":[6],"appropriate":[7],"control":[8],"algorithms,":[9],"to":[10,29,36,92],"deliver":[11],"more":[12],"than":[13,23],"an":[14,94,97],"order":[15,28],"of":[16,40,96],"magnitude":[17],"additional":[18],"power":[19],"per":[20],"unit":[21],"mass":[22],"stationary":[24],"devices.":[25],"However,":[26],"in":[27,54,120],"perform":[30],"path-following":[31],"control,":[32],"it":[33],"is":[34,49],"essential":[35],"maintain":[37,93],"accurate":[38],"estimates":[39],"kite\u2019s":[42,99],"position":[43],"and":[44,57,84],"velocity.":[45],"Obtaining":[46],"these":[47],"measurements":[48,68,86],"complicated":[50],"by:":[51],"(i)":[52],"operation":[53],"GPS-denied":[55],"environments,":[56],"(ii)":[58],"tether":[59,90],"curvature,":[60],"which":[61],"renders":[62],"straight-line":[63],"approximated,":[64],"line":[65,81],"angle":[66,82],"sensor-based":[67],"inaccurate.":[69],"In":[70],"this":[71],"paper,":[72],"we":[73],"present":[74],"a":[75,88,109,114],"nonlinear":[76],"closed-loop":[77],"observer":[78,102],"that":[79],"fuses":[80],"sensor":[83],"IMU":[85],"using":[87,113],"dynamic":[89],"model":[91],"estimate":[95],"underwater":[98],"states.":[100],"The":[101],"design":[103],"has":[104],"been":[105],"experimentally":[106],"validated":[107],"on":[108],"1/10scale":[110],"kite":[111],"model,":[112],"customized":[115],"tow":[116],"testing":[117],"system":[118],"deployed":[119],"NC":[122],"State":[123],"Aquatic":[124],"Center.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}