{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3184386456","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/acc50511.2021.9482985","title":"Stochastic vs. Deterministic Modeling for the Spread of COVID-19 in Small Networks","display_name":"Stochastic vs. Deterministic Modeling for the Spread of COVID-19 in Small Networks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3184386456","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/acc50511.2021.9482985","mag":"3184386456"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/acc50511.2021.9482985","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/acc50511.2021.9482985","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 American Control Conference (ACC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070966256","display_name":"Mohammad Mubarak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7537-1493"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Mubarak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043550790","display_name":"James Berneburg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0247-0682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Berneburg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089986356","display_name":"Cameron Nowzari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7287-9972"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cameron Nowzari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3503,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78636364,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1346","last_page":"1351"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11819","display_name":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","score":0.9821000099182129,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9742000102996826,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.7072540521621704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6033417582511902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-modelling","display_name":"Stochastic modelling","score":0.5977181792259216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregate","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","score":0.4805765151977539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.4785923957824707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.43904730677604675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-process","display_name":"Stochastic process","score":0.43134838342666626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.4259689748287201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18954113125801086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1710296869277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.14946016669273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.12963378429412842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.11975181102752686}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.7072540521621704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6033417582511902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127491075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7617825","display_name":"Stochastic modelling","level":2,"score":0.5977181792259216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.4805765151977539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4785923957824707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.43904730677604675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8272713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176737","display_name":"Stochastic process","level":2,"score":0.43134838342666626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4259689748287201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18954113125801086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1710296869277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.14946016669273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.12963378429412842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.11975181102752686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/acc50511.2021.9482985","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/acc50511.2021.9482985","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 American Control Conference (ACC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G240947847","display_name":"COVID-19: RAPID: Networked Compartmental Modeling and Analysis for Spread of COVID-19","funder_award_id":"2028523","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W114870970","https://openalex.org/W1570713732","https://openalex.org/W1735414584","https://openalex.org/W1926259878","https://openalex.org/W2005504141","https://openalex.org/W2034903570","https://openalex.org/W2059720008","https://openalex.org/W2072038294","https://openalex.org/W2084618626","https://openalex.org/W2118820208","https://openalex.org/W2148301044","https://openalex.org/W2167822865","https://openalex.org/W2169397725","https://openalex.org/W2320448585","https://openalex.org/W2401511646","https://openalex.org/W2526317073","https://openalex.org/W2596392233","https://openalex.org/W2963121601","https://openalex.org/W2963486284","https://openalex.org/W2963734869","https://openalex.org/W2963815167","https://openalex.org/W2970473508","https://openalex.org/W2997816928","https://openalex.org/W3011317884","https://openalex.org/W3012734330","https://openalex.org/W3016003958","https://openalex.org/W3018782651","https://openalex.org/W3020358767","https://openalex.org/W3021970994","https://openalex.org/W3025337462","https://openalex.org/W3036356470","https://openalex.org/W3047669948","https://openalex.org/W3094737818","https://openalex.org/W3099401524","https://openalex.org/W3101490008","https://openalex.org/W3104444925","https://openalex.org/W3120509284","https://openalex.org/W4252394414","https://openalex.org/W4302567410","https://openalex.org/W6634057643","https://openalex.org/W6651925351","https://openalex.org/W6682044371","https://openalex.org/W6765782508","https://openalex.org/W6775428095","https://openalex.org/W6776053549"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2026361885","https://openalex.org/W2042280983","https://openalex.org/W2321888438","https://openalex.org/W2888652631","https://openalex.org/W1995427843","https://openalex.org/W2369445029","https://openalex.org/W2026456043","https://openalex.org/W1987284827","https://openalex.org/W4320063126","https://openalex.org/W2417662900"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,146],"proposes":[2],"and":[3,20,45,91,154,157,188,216],"analyzes":[4],"a":[5,14,140,232],"stochastic":[6,104,121,153,197],"Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Removed":[7],"(SEIR)":[8],"spreading":[9],"model":[10],"on":[11],"networks.":[12],"Imagine":[13],"nursing":[15,72,234],"home":[16,76,235],"housing":[17],"28":[18],"seniors":[19],"7":[21],"staff":[22,29],"workers,":[23],"in":[24,70,139,185,231],"which":[25],"one":[26],"of":[27,38,114,129,214,226,229],"the":[28,36,46,62,66,75,111,127,148,165,183,202,209,227],"has":[30,77],"tested":[31],"positive":[32],"for":[33,55],"COVID-19.":[34],"Unfortunately,":[35],"results":[37,149],"this":[39,71,145],"test":[40,57],"are":[41,123],"3":[42],"days":[43],"late":[44],"infected":[47],"person":[48],"had":[49],"not":[50,175],"been":[51],"quarantining":[52],"while":[53],"waiting":[54],"their":[56],"results.":[58,242],"What":[59],"is":[60,161,174,236],"now":[61],"individual":[63,132],"risk":[64,128],"to":[65,79,90,95,102,131,163,177,208,238],"different":[67,166],"people":[68,133],"living":[69],"home?":[73],"If":[74],"access":[78],"two":[80],"rapid":[81],"COVID-19":[82,130,230],"viral":[83],"tests,":[84],"who":[85],"should":[86],"they":[87],"be":[88,193,220],"given":[89,141],"why?":[92],"In":[93,168],"order":[94],"answer":[96],"questions":[97,191],"like":[98],"this,":[99],"we":[100,170,200],"need":[101],"study":[103,225],"models":[105,122,156,180],"rather":[106,134],"than":[107,135],"deterministic":[108,119,155,179],"ones.":[109,198],"Unlike":[110],"vast":[112],"majority":[113],"works":[115],"that":[116,205],"analyze":[117],"various":[118],"models,":[120],"required":[124],"when":[125,159,181],"analyzing":[126,152,182],"tracking":[136],"aggregate":[137],"numbers":[138],"region.":[142],"More":[143],"specifically,":[144],"compares":[147],"provided":[150],"by":[151],"investigating":[158],"it":[160,173,218],"suitable":[162,176],"use":[164,178],"models.":[167],"particular,":[169],"show":[171,201],"why":[172],"spread":[184,228],"small":[186],"communities":[187],"how":[189,217],"these":[190],"can":[192,219],"better":[194],"addressed":[195],"using":[196],"Finally,":[199],"added":[203],"complications":[204],"arise":[206],"due":[207],"relatively":[210],"long":[211],"incubation":[212],"period":[213],"COVID-19,":[215],"addressed.":[221],"A":[222],"simulated":[223],"case":[224],"35-person":[233],"used":[237],"help":[239],"illustrate":[240],"our":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}