{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3046109800","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/acc45564.2020.9147561","title":"Introduction to Tokamak Plasma Control","display_name":"Introduction to Tokamak Plasma Control","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3046109800","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23919/acc45564.2020.9147561","mag":"3046109800"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23919/acc45564.2020.9147561","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/acc45564.2020.9147561","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 American Control Conference (ACC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082744455","display_name":"M.L. Walker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4341-994X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63533367","display_name":"General Atomics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ngjpk76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael L. Walker","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Atomics, San Diego, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Atomics, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104121424","display_name":"Peter de Vries","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106530797","display_name":"ITER","ror":"https://ror.org/01d7n9638","country_code":"FR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106530797","https://openalex.org/I39804081"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter De Vries","raw_affiliation_strings":["ITER Organization, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ITER Organization, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106530797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086891537","display_name":"F. Felici","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7585-376X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Federico Felici","raw_affiliation_strings":["EPFL - Swiss Plasma Center, Lausanne, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EPFL - Swiss Plasma Center, Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051077845","display_name":"Eugenio Schuster","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7703-6771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eugenio Schuster","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, PA, Bethlehem"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, PA, Bethlehem","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082744455"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4935,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93874209,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2901","last_page":"2918"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10346","display_name":"Magnetic confinement fusion research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10346","display_name":"Magnetic confinement fusion research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10592","display_name":"Fusion materials and technologies","score":0.9682999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11808","display_name":"Superconducting Materials and Applications","score":0.9222000241279602,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tokamak","display_name":"Tokamak","score":0.8894891738891602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma","display_name":"Plasma","score":0.8471486568450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-confinement","display_name":"Plasma confinement","score":0.5282926559448242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-confinement-fusion","display_name":"Magnetic confinement fusion","score":0.5200992822647095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-stability","display_name":"Plasma stability","score":0.4867956340312958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-parameters","display_name":"Plasma parameters","score":0.4631445109844208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3806753158569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3730800747871399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-engineering","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","score":0.37305688858032227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-physics","display_name":"Nuclear physics","score":0.17076334357261658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1548183262348175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116515362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188589","display_name":"Tokamak","level":3,"score":0.8894891738891602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82706917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10251","display_name":"Plasma","level":2,"score":0.8471486568450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987720176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1964087","display_name":"Plasma confinement","level":3,"score":0.5282926559448242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160988588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q939954","display_name":"Magnetic confinement fusion","level":4,"score":0.5200992822647095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33807043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4379538","display_name":"Plasma stability","level":4,"score":0.4867956340312958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192039680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7201785","display_name":"Plasma parameters","level":3,"score":0.4631445109844208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3806753158569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3730800747871399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116915560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83504","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","level":1,"score":0.37305688858032227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.17076334357261658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1548183262348175}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23919/acc45564.2020.9147561","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23919/acc45564.2020.9147561","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 American Control Conference (ACC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41146637","https://openalex.org/W209984987","https://openalex.org/W961911759","https://openalex.org/W1569518307","https://openalex.org/W1593518878","https://openalex.org/W1599676434","https://openalex.org/W1966171175","https://openalex.org/W1974760079","https://openalex.org/W1976971583","https://openalex.org/W1980113879","https://openalex.org/W1982602878","https://openalex.org/W1985499545","https://openalex.org/W1991458826","https://openalex.org/W1995336912","https://openalex.org/W2001949990","https://openalex.org/W2003282447","https://openalex.org/W2004132268","https://openalex.org/W2011328115","https://openalex.org/W2011367477","https://openalex.org/W2017407217","https://openalex.org/W2033549247","https://openalex.org/W2034078240","https://openalex.org/W2042991538","https://openalex.org/W2047348511","https://openalex.org/W2049998216","https://openalex.org/W2060421864","https://openalex.org/W2063708295","https://openalex.org/W2068522180","https://openalex.org/W2078298296","https://openalex.org/W2079955221","https://openalex.org/W2084014739","https://openalex.org/W2086386029","https://openalex.org/W2106314783","https://openalex.org/W2109902749","https://openalex.org/W2117749374","https://openalex.org/W2128260782","https://openalex.org/W2133450697","https://openalex.org/W2134656253","https://openalex.org/W2147595121","https://openalex.org/W2153224192","https://openalex.org/W2170538278","https://openalex.org/W2220423346","https://openalex.org/W2269685001","https://openalex.org/W2285344451","https://openalex.org/W2506415674","https://openalex.org/W2513295886","https://openalex.org/W2521013229","https://openalex.org/W2528897523","https://openalex.org/W2599596953","https://openalex.org/W2600137498","https://openalex.org/W2734736212","https://openalex.org/W2734745083","https://openalex.org/W2762298049","https://openalex.org/W2762618983","https://openalex.org/W2768485923","https://openalex.org/W2790609718","https://openalex.org/W2793364180","https://openalex.org/W2804218500","https://openalex.org/W2901122583","https://openalex.org/W2903350553","https://openalex.org/W2921183466","https://openalex.org/W2926680341","https://openalex.org/W2943137066","https://openalex.org/W2945347797","https://openalex.org/W2959728746","https://openalex.org/W4238110342","https://openalex.org/W4238874417","https://openalex.org/W4297900862","https://openalex.org/W6601636483","https://openalex.org/W6635826932"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3171414336","https://openalex.org/W2312856867","https://openalex.org/W2918611591","https://openalex.org/W3213186735","https://openalex.org/W2764290087","https://openalex.org/W2046824965","https://openalex.org/W2128999374","https://openalex.org/W2020288897","https://openalex.org/W2188510544","https://openalex.org/W4301645968"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"provides":[2],"an":[3],"introduction":[4],"to":[5,35],"the":[6],"problems":[7,51],"of":[8,10,22,27,39,46,50,54,59,73],"control":[9,41,53,58,74],"plasmas":[11,24],"and":[12,25,64],"plasma":[13,28,40,55,60],"magnetic-confinement":[14,29],"devices":[15],"known":[16],"as":[17],"tokamaks.":[18],"The":[19],"basic":[20],"science":[21],"fusion":[23],"objectives":[26],"technologies":[30],"are":[31,76],"described.":[32],"In":[33],"addition":[34],"a":[36],"general":[37],"overview":[38],"problems,":[42],"more":[43],"extensive":[44],"discussions":[45],"three":[47],"specific":[48],"classes":[49],"-":[52,75],"magneto-hydrodynamic":[56],"behavior,":[57],"parameter":[61],"internal":[62],"distributions,":[63],"methods":[65],"for":[66],"handling":[67],"system":[68],"faults":[69],"or":[70],"unexpected":[71],"loss":[72],"provided.":[77]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}