{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3183111196","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2021.7.iss-091","title":"A Low-Voltage 0.7 µm Pixel with 6000 e- Full-Well Capacity for a Low-Power CMOS Image Sensor","display_name":"A Low-Voltage 0.7 µm Pixel with 6000 e- Full-Well Capacity for a Low-Power CMOS Image Sensor","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3183111196","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2021.7.iss-091","mag":"3183111196"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2021.7.iss-091","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2021.7.iss-091","pdf_url":"https://library.imaging.org/admin/apis/public/api/sandbox/website/downloadArticle/ei/33/7/art00007","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227276","display_name":"Electronic Imaging","issn_l":"2470-1173","issn":["2470-1173"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://library.imaging.org/admin/apis/public/api/sandbox/website/downloadArticle/ei/33/7/art00007","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101824074","display_name":"Seung-Wook Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1147-1214"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seung-Wook Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046627699","display_name":"Seungwon Cha","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seungwon Cha","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109510466","display_name":"Dongyoung Jang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongyoung Jang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091275549","display_name":"Mi-Hye Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5859-5471"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mihye Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101834930","display_name":"Haewon Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0249-6874"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haewon Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003959534","display_name":"Nakyung Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9496-5994"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nakyung Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010796867","display_name":"Seon\u2010Ok Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9010-5460"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seonok Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110251813","display_name":"Kwanyoung Oh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6862-5409"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kwanyoung Oh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063085136","display_name":"Daehyung Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daehyung Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102127742","display_name":"Seunghan Hong","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"SeungHan Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100659819","display_name":"Hana Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7782-5711"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hana Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101735526","display_name":"Sung-Hoon Oh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4104-7433"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunghoon Oh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087006372","display_name":"Donghyuk Park","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donghyuk Park","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yitae Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yitae Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102604026","display_name":"JungChak Ahn","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JungChak Ahn","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":15,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1017,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.42717016,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"7","first_page":"91","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-sensor","display_name":"Image sensor","score":0.5965582132339478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-voltage","display_name":"Low voltage","score":0.5787339210510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5642354488372803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5631832480430603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.549241840839386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.5022082328796387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linearity","display_name":"Linearity","score":0.4450421631336212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4335757791996002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-power-electronics","display_name":"Low-power electronics","score":0.42936697602272034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4220181703567505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4187872111797333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.3298083543777466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3144768178462982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.21860256791114807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1934269368648529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18853703141212463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.13151779770851135}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76935873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209121","display_name":"Image sensor","level":2,"score":0.5965582132339478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128624480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504817","display_name":"Low voltage","level":3,"score":0.5787339210510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5642354488372803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5631832480430603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.549241840839386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5022082328796387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77170095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753188","display_name":"Linearity","level":2,"score":0.4450421631336212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4335757791996002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117551214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6692774","display_name":"Low-power electronics","level":4,"score":0.42936697602272034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4220181703567505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4187872111797333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.3298083543777466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3144768178462982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.21860256791114807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1934269368648529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18853703141212463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.13151779770851135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2021.7.iss-091","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2021.7.iss-091","pdf_url":"https://library.imaging.org/admin/apis/public/api/sandbox/website/downloadArticle/ei/33/7/art00007","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227276","display_name":"Electronic Imaging","issn_l":"2470-1173","issn":["2470-1173"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2021.7.iss-091","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2021.7.iss-091","pdf_url":"https://library.imaging.org/admin/apis/public/api/sandbox/website/downloadArticle/ei/33/7/art00007","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227276","display_name":"Electronic Imaging","issn_l":"2470-1173","issn":["2470-1173"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2659908032","https://openalex.org/W2789062182","https://openalex.org/W2900799054","https://openalex.org/W2915016853","https://openalex.org/W3115355038","https://openalex.org/W2538378877","https://openalex.org/W2524786631","https://openalex.org/W1600560344","https://openalex.org/W1983343945","https://openalex.org/W2109822824"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"low-voltage":[1],"pixel":[2,18,26],"with":[3],"0.7":[4],"µm":[5],"pitch":[6],"was":[7,27,33,59,83,117],"designed":[8],"for":[9,25],"a":[10,17,45],"low-power":[11],"CMOS":[12],"image":[13],"sensor.":[14],"By":[15],"reducing":[16],"power":[19,23],"supply":[20],"voltage":[21,47,109],"(Vpix),":[22],"consumption":[24],"reduced,":[28],"but":[29],"full-well":[30],"capacity":[31],"(FWC)":[32],"also":[34],"decreased.":[35],"However,":[36],"by":[37,85,100,105],"lowering":[38],"the":[39,49,53,74,78,87,111],"conversion":[40],"gain":[41],"(CG)":[42],"and":[43,69,96],"applying":[44],"negative":[46,108],"to":[48,110],"ground":[50],"(NGND)":[51],"of":[52,56,64],"pixel,":[54],"FWC":[55],"6000":[57],"e-":[58],"achieved":[60],"without":[61],"any":[62],"degradation":[63],"both":[65],"charge":[66],"transfer":[67,112],"lags":[68],"backflow":[70],"noise.":[71],"In":[72],"addition,":[73],"signal":[75],"linearity":[76],"in":[77],"reduced":[79],"analog-to-digital":[80],"(ADC)":[81],"range":[82],"improved":[84,104],"optimizing":[86],"source":[88],"follower":[89],"(SF).":[90],"For":[91],"dark":[92,97],"performances,":[93],"white":[94],"spots":[95],"current":[98],"worsened":[99],"NGND":[101],"were":[102],"significantly":[103],"forcing":[106],"more":[107],"gate":[113],"(TG)":[114],"when":[115],"it":[116],"turned":[118],"off.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}