{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3200904053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2021.11.hvei-156","title":"Cartography as Spatial Representation: A new assessment of the competing advantages and drawbacks across fields of science","display_name":"Cartography as Spatial Representation: A new assessment of the competing advantages and drawbacks across fields of science","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3200904053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2021.11.hvei-156","mag":"3200904053","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34734166"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2021.11.hvei-156","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2021.11.hvei-156","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227276","display_name":"Electronic Imaging","issn_l":"2470-1173","issn":["2470-1173"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8562775","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078257147","display_name":"Christopher W. Tyler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1512-4626"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I61628605","display_name":"Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05783y657","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I61628605"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christopher W. Tyler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61628605"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078257147"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61628605"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13537241,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"11","first_page":"156","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13175","display_name":"Historical Astronomy and Related Studies","score":0.9768000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13175","display_name":"Historical Astronomy and Related Studies","score":0.9768000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13854","display_name":"Historical Geography and Cartography","score":0.9272000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.8017271757125854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/globe","display_name":"Globe","score":0.7705713510513306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.5701137185096741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manifold","display_name":"Manifold (fluid mechanics)","score":0.48597726225852966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.48509013652801514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.45498955249786377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4281390607357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.3772018849849701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34727203845977783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.344463050365448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3399626612663269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.312097430229187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.23852801322937012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1596001386642456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.13651436567306519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.07187148928642273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.8017271757125854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775899829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109007","display_name":"Globe","level":2,"score":0.7705713510513306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.5701137185096741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529865628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790740","display_name":"Manifold (fluid mechanics)","level":2,"score":0.48597726225852966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48509013652801514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.45498955249786377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4281390607357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.3772018849849701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34727203845977783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.344463050365448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3399626612663269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.312097430229187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23852801322937012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1596001386642456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.13651436567306519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.07187148928642273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2021.11.hvei-156","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2021.11.hvei-156","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227276","display_name":"Electronic Imaging","issn_l":"2470-1173","issn":["2470-1173"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34734166","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34734166","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of perceptual imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:7452702","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC8562775","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8562775","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8562775","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Percept Imaging","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8562775","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8562775","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Percept Imaging","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1539266347","https://openalex.org/W2267913355","https://openalex.org/W2788570199","https://openalex.org/W2000787479","https://openalex.org/W4248006302","https://openalex.org/W1488904332","https://openalex.org/W2066920355","https://openalex.org/W4256453413","https://openalex.org/W3135535244","https://openalex.org/W2952670135"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,78,122],"history":[1],"of":[2,18,31,39,64,71,85,87,124,131,142,149],"cartography":[3],"has":[4],"been":[5,43],"marked":[6],"by":[7,117],"the":[8,12,16,19,27,32,46,53,62,65,94,129,140,143,146,150],"endless":[9],"search":[10],"for":[11,15,61,128],"perfect":[13],"form":[14],"representation":[17,148],"information":[20],"on":[21],"a":[22,97,108],"spherical":[23,74,132],"surface":[24],"manifold":[25],"into":[26,119],"flat":[28],"planar":[29],"format":[30],"printed":[33],"page":[34],"or":[35],"computer":[36],"screen.":[37],"Dozens":[38],"cartographic":[40],"formats":[41,89,127],"have":[42],"proposed":[44],"over":[45],"centuries":[47],"from":[48,136],"ancient":[49],"Greek":[50],"times":[51],"to":[52,145],"present.":[54],"This":[55],"is":[56,101],"an":[57],"issue":[58],"not":[59],"just":[60],"mapping":[63,130,141],"globe,":[66],"but":[67],"in":[68,93,104],"all":[69],"fields":[70],"science":[72],"where":[73],"entities":[75],"are":[76,90,134],"found.":[77],"perceptual":[79],"and":[80,83,107],"representational":[81],"advantages":[82],"drawbacks":[84],"many":[86],"these":[88,125],"considered,":[91],"particularly":[92],"tension":[95],"between":[96],"unified":[98],"representation,":[99,111],"which":[100,112],"always":[102],"distorted":[103,110],"some":[105],"dimension,":[106],"minimally":[109],"can":[113],"only":[114],"be":[115],"obtained":[116],"segmentation":[118],"sectorial":[120],"patches.":[121],"use":[123],"same":[126],"manifolds":[133],"evaluated,":[135],"quantum":[137],"physics":[138],"through":[139],"brain":[144],"large-scale":[147],"cosmos.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}