{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3041397414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2020.16.avm-109","title":"VRUNet: Multi-Task Learning Model for Intent Prediction of Vulnerable Road Users","display_name":"VRUNet: Multi-Task Learning Model for Intent Prediction of Vulnerable Road Users","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3041397414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2020.16.avm-109","mag":"3041397414"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2020.16.avm-109","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2020.16.avm-109","pdf_url":"https://library.imaging.org/ei/articles/32/16/art00012","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227276","display_name":"Electronic Imaging","issn_l":"2470-1173","issn":["2470-1173"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://library.imaging.org/ei/articles/32/16/art00012","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013210518","display_name":"Adithya Ranga","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101781","display_name":"Valeo Physical Therapy (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bgvrv25","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101781"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Adithya Ranga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Valeo Driving Assistance Research, San Mateo, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Valeo Driving Assistance Research, San Mateo, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037788559","display_name":"Filippo Giruzzi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70768539","display_name":"\u00c9cole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure des Mines de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/04y8cs423","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190752583","https://openalex.org/I2746051580","https://openalex.org/I70768539"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Filippo Giruzzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["MINES ParisTech, Paris, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MINES ParisTech, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70768539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018862223","display_name":"Jagdish Bhanushali","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101781","display_name":"Valeo Physical Therapy (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bgvrv25","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101781"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jagdish Bhanushali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Valeo Driving Assistance Research, San Mateo, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Valeo Driving Assistance Research, San Mateo, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040630609","display_name":"\u00c9milie Wirbel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I220619192","display_name":"Valeo (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ryqpf83","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I220619192"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emilie Wirbel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Valeo Driving Assistance Research, Paris, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Valeo Driving Assistance Research, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I220619192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076170578","display_name":"Patrick P\u00e9rez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8124-1206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I220619192","display_name":"Valeo (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ryqpf83","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I220619192"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick P\u00e9rez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Valeo.ai, Paris, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Valeo.ai, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I220619192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102828738","display_name":"Tuan-Hung Vu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9765-8233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I220619192","display_name":"Valeo (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ryqpf83","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I220619192"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tuan-Hung Vu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Valeo.ai, Paris, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Valeo.ai, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I220619192"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106728237","display_name":"Xavier Perotton","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I220619192","display_name":"Valeo (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ryqpf83","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I220619192"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xavier Perotton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Valeo Driving Assistance Research, Paris, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Valeo Driving Assistance Research, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I220619192"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013210518"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101781"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4227,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81462458,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"16","first_page":"109","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian","display_name":"Pedestrian","score":0.786474347114563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6827889680862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5939460396766663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.5848837494850159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5620593428611755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion","display_name":"Motion (physics)","score":0.5460796356201172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46507760882377625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-planning","display_name":"Motion planning","score":0.42310112714767456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.42127326130867004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3849482834339142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.24539604783058167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.16604569554328918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.15386539697647095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1384405791759491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1264779269695282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.786474347114563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6827889680862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5939460396766663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5848837494850159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5620593428611755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5460796356201172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46507760882377625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81074085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q366872","display_name":"Motion planning","level":3,"score":0.42310112714767456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.42127326130867004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3849482834339142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.24539604783058167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.16604569554328918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.15386539697647095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1384405791759491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1264779269695282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2020.16.avm-109","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2020.16.avm-109","pdf_url":"https://library.imaging.org/ei/articles/32/16/art00012","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227276","display_name":"Electronic Imaging","issn_l":"2470-1173","issn":["2470-1173"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2007.05397","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.05397","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.05397","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2020.16.avm-109","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2020.16.avm-109","pdf_url":"https://library.imaging.org/ei/articles/32/16/art00012","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227276","display_name":"Electronic Imaging","issn_l":"2470-1173","issn":["2470-1173"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8100000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3041397414.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3041397414.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W846669277","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1950788856","https://openalex.org/W1984885882","https://openalex.org/W1990707145","https://openalex.org/W2004641798","https://openalex.org/W2010256323","https://openalex.org/W2101415982","https://openalex.org/W2245440101","https://openalex.org/W2259801182","https://openalex.org/W2269938945","https://openalex.org/W2286744228","https://openalex.org/W2340897893","https://openalex.org/W2424778531","https://openalex.org/W2461621749","https://openalex.org/W2472970127","https://openalex.org/W2520433280","https://openalex.org/W2522471310","https://openalex.org/W2558630670","https://openalex.org/W2561603333","https://openalex.org/W2603203130","https://openalex.org/W2766141522","https://openalex.org/W2771583656","https://openalex.org/W2773696836","https://openalex.org/W2793861472","https://openalex.org/W2794787653","https://openalex.org/W2805439952","https://openalex.org/W2886483202","https://openalex.org/W2913368959","https://openalex.org/W2921286075","https://openalex.org/W2922040811","https://openalex.org/W2949887038","https://openalex.org/W2950703532","https://openalex.org/W2951208315","https://openalex.org/W2951870359","https://openalex.org/W2952122856","https://openalex.org/W2952563226","https://openalex.org/W2953139137","https://openalex.org/W2962820842","https://openalex.org/W2963001155","https://openalex.org/W2963353290","https://openalex.org/W2963697717","https://openalex.org/W2964084369","https://openalex.org/W2974402281","https://openalex.org/W2979699802","https://openalex.org/W2980439114","https://openalex.org/W3003235888","https://openalex.org/W3098744844","https://openalex.org/W4306985960","https://openalex.org/W6674955169","https://openalex.org/W6727190014","https://openalex.org/W6760303688"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2392100589","https://openalex.org/W2512789322","https://openalex.org/W2101960027","https://openalex.org/W2197846993","https://openalex.org/W49697837","https://openalex.org/W2586575957","https://openalex.org/W3122828758","https://openalex.org/W2170799233","https://openalex.org/W2768112316","https://openalex.org/W3196817267"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Advanced":[0],"perception":[1],"and":[2,20,40,62,85,111,123,131,134,141],"path":[3,89],"planning":[4],"are":[5],"at":[6],"the":[7,18,42,96],"core":[8],"for":[9,26],"any":[10],"self-driving":[11],"vehicle.":[12],"Autonomous":[13],"vehicles":[14],"need":[15],"to":[16,38,79],"understand":[17],"scene":[19,142],"intentions":[21,43],"of":[22,44,59],"other":[23],"road":[24,52],"users":[25,53],"safe":[27],"motion":[28],"planning.":[29],"For":[30],"urban":[31],"use":[32],"cases":[33],"it":[34],"is":[35,56,106],"very":[36],"important":[37],"perceive":[39],"predict":[41,80],"pedestrians,":[45],"cyclists,":[46],"scooters,":[47],"etc.,":[48],"classified":[49],"as":[50],"vulnerable":[51],"(VRU).":[54],"Intent":[55],"a":[57,75],"combination":[58],"pedestrian":[60,81],"activities":[61],"long":[63],"term":[64],"trajectories":[65,135],"defining":[66],"their":[67,87],"future":[68,88],"motion.":[69],"In":[70],"this":[71],"paper":[72],"we":[73,125],"propose":[74],"multi-task":[76],"learning":[77,130],"model":[78,97],"actions,":[82],"crossing":[83],"intent":[84],"forecast":[86],"from":[90,128],"video":[91],"sequences.":[92],"We":[93],"have":[94],"trained":[95],"on":[98,120],"naturalistic":[99],"driving":[100],"open-source":[101],"JAAD":[102,121],"[1]":[103],"dataset,":[104],"which":[105],"rich":[107],"in":[108],"behavioral":[109],"annotations":[110],"real":[112],"world":[113],"scenarios.":[114],"Experimental":[115],"results":[116],"show":[117],"state-of-the-art":[118],"performance":[119],"dataset":[122],"how":[124],"can":[126],"benefit":[127],"jointly":[129],"predicting":[132],"actions":[133],"using":[136],"2D":[137],"human":[138],"pose":[139],"features":[140],"context.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}