{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312345159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2352/ei.2022.34.15.color-158","title":"Mimicking DBS halftoning via a deep learning approach","display_name":"Mimicking DBS halftoning via a deep learning approach","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312345159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2352/ei.2022.34.15.color-158"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2352/ei.2022.34.15.color-158","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2352/ei.2022.34.15.color-158","pdf_url":"https://library.imaging.org/admin/apis/public/api/ist/website/downloadArticle/ei/34/15/COLOR-158","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227276","display_name":"Electronic Imaging","issn_l":"2470-1173","issn":["2470-1173"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://library.imaging.org/admin/apis/public/api/ist/website/downloadArticle/ei/34/15/COLOR-158","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015117424","display_name":"Baekdu Choi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baekdu Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Imaging Systems Laboratory, School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, US;"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Imaging Systems Laboratory, School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, US;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043967979","display_name":"Jan P. Allebach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5608-8249"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jan P. Allebach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Imaging Systems Laboratory, School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, US;"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Imaging Systems Laboratory, School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, US;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043967979"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7463,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70413499,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"15","first_page":"158","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.982699990272522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.982699990272522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9104999899864197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoregressive-model","display_name":"Autoregressive model","score":0.7987502813339233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7636588215827942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6914823055267334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6359328031539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.5656834840774536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5205758213996887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5148381590843201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.5013566017150879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.4820781350135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4551222324371338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4105432629585266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.38314148783683777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12372970581054688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159877910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2202883","display_name":"Autoregressive model","level":2,"score":0.7987502813339233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7636588215827942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6914823055267334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6359328031539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.5656834840774536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5205758213996887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5148381590843201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.5013566017150879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.4820781350135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4551222324371338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4105432629585266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.38314148783683777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12372970581054688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2352/ei.2022.34.15.color-158","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2352/ei.2022.34.15.color-158","pdf_url":"https://library.imaging.org/admin/apis/public/api/ist/website/downloadArticle/ei/34/15/COLOR-158","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227276","display_name":"Electronic Imaging","issn_l":"2470-1173","issn":["2470-1173"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2352/ei.2022.34.15.color-158","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2352/ei.2022.34.15.color-158","pdf_url":"https://library.imaging.org/admin/apis/public/api/ist/website/downloadArticle/ei/34/15/COLOR-158","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227276","display_name":"Electronic Imaging","issn_l":"2470-1173","issn":["2470-1173"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.75}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312345159.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312345159.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1665214252","https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1928279632","https://openalex.org/W1959608418","https://openalex.org/W1974212587","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2102088115","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2158474074","https://openalex.org/W2423557781","https://openalex.org/W2523714292","https://openalex.org/W2552465644","https://openalex.org/W2567101557","https://openalex.org/W2572730214","https://openalex.org/W2593414223","https://openalex.org/W2739748921","https://openalex.org/W2741137940","https://openalex.org/W2752796333","https://openalex.org/W2753738274","https://openalex.org/W2766527293","https://openalex.org/W2774625825","https://openalex.org/W2778792233","https://openalex.org/W2785678896","https://openalex.org/W2804078698","https://openalex.org/W2810518847","https://openalex.org/W2819579046","https://openalex.org/W2891158090","https://openalex.org/W2920879895","https://openalex.org/W2942415903","https://openalex.org/W2943719888","https://openalex.org/W2946495806","https://openalex.org/W2946597952","https://openalex.org/W2953318193","https://openalex.org/W2962974533","https://openalex.org/W2963073614","https://openalex.org/W2963181089","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2963470893","https://openalex.org/W2963709863","https://openalex.org/W2963799213","https://openalex.org/W2963800363","https://openalex.org/W2963981733","https://openalex.org/W2964121592","https://openalex.org/W2970971581","https://openalex.org/W2991075450","https://openalex.org/W3013957225","https://openalex.org/W3015803572","https://openalex.org/W3035574324","https://openalex.org/W3036167779","https://openalex.org/W3043547428","https://openalex.org/W3095670588","https://openalex.org/W3118608800","https://openalex.org/W3162926177","https://openalex.org/W4214723982","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4289761690","https://openalex.org/W4294643831","https://openalex.org/W4295312788","https://openalex.org/W4295521014","https://openalex.org/W4301206121","https://openalex.org/W4320013936","https://openalex.org/W4321274239","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4394668580","https://openalex.org/W6674914833","https://openalex.org/W6725739302","https://openalex.org/W6734564793","https://openalex.org/W6735913928","https://openalex.org/W6738696882","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6747977641","https://openalex.org/W6752378368","https://openalex.org/W6771275388","https://openalex.org/W6779823529","https://openalex.org/W6802022555"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2773120646","https://openalex.org/W4297779434","https://openalex.org/W4312831135","https://openalex.org/W2766146978","https://openalex.org/W2738221750","https://openalex.org/W4245792239","https://openalex.org/W4210622432","https://openalex.org/W3108696707","https://openalex.org/W2015538044","https://openalex.org/W3214668706"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"we":[3,36,67],"investigate":[4],"applying":[5,88],"two":[6,44],"deep":[7,63,83],"generative":[8,39],"models":[9],"to":[10,22],"digital":[11],"halftoning":[12],"with":[13,19,25,46,104,113,123],"the":[14,26,33,60,94],"aim":[15],"of":[16,55,81],"generating":[17],"halftones":[18,102],"comparable":[20],"quality":[21],"those":[23,111],"generated":[24,103,112],"direct":[27],"binary":[28],"search":[29],"(DBS)":[30],"algorithm.":[31],"For":[32,59],"first":[34],"framework,":[35,62],"apply":[37],"conditional":[38],"adversarial":[40],"networks":[41],"(cGANs)":[42],"using":[43,76],"discriminators":[45],"different":[47],"receptive":[48],"field":[49],"size":[50],"and":[51,86,116],"a":[52,73,77,82,89],"generator":[53],"consisting":[54],"densely":[56],"connected":[57],"blocks.":[58],"second":[61],"autoregressive":[64,91],"(AR)":[65],"models,":[66],"propose":[68],"mapping":[69],"input":[70],"images":[71],"into":[72],"feature":[74],"space":[75],"single":[78],"forward":[79],"pass":[80],"neural":[84],"network":[85],"then":[87],"shallow":[90],"model":[92],"at":[93],"end":[95],"output.":[96],"Our":[97],"methods":[98],"show":[99],"promising":[100],"results;":[101],"our":[105],"algorithms":[106],"are":[107],"less":[108],"noisy":[109],"than":[110],"DBS":[114],"screen":[115],"do":[117],"not":[118],"contain":[119],"artifacts":[120],"commonly":[121],"associated":[122],"error":[124],"diffusion":[125],"type":[126],"algorithms.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
